The Internet of Things is for People

https://www.flickr.com/photos/art_inthecity/14935446258/
The Internet of
Things is for people…

THE INTERNET OF THINGS IS FOR PEOPLE
Hans Hemmert + unknown artist

hello…
Monday, 4:09 pm

hello…
Monday, 4:09 pm
I’ve spent the past 10 years helping
people understand that mobile is
about people…not devices.
Monday, 4:09 pm

hello…
Monday, 4:09 pm
Monday, 4:09 pm
Thanks to mobile, 3 billion of us are
now connected, and the web remains
the best platform to reach all of us.
Monday, 4:09 pm

hello…
Monday, 4:09 pm
Monday, 4:09 pm
Thanks to mobile, 3 billion of us are
now connected, and the web remains
the best platform to reach all of us.
Monday, 4:09 pm
So today i’m hoping to get you
thinking about the massive opportunity
that lies at the intersection of mobile,
the web and the physical world.
Monday, 4:09 pm

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What new technology do you
want to hear about at the View
Source Conference this Fall?
#ViewSource
View Source Conference
@viewsourceconf
https://www.flickr.com/photos/leweb3/6484375865
IoT
Service Workers
Web Assembly
Web VR

What new technology do you
want to hear about at the View
Source Conference this Fall?
#ViewSource
May 17, 2016, 133 votes - Final Results
View Source Conference
@viewsourceconf
20% Web VR
36% Web Assembly
33% Service Workers
11% IoT
https://www.flickr.com/photos/leweb3/6484375865

the result, while disappointing
was not exactly shocking…
https://giphy.com/gifs/PFwKHjOcIoVUc

Consumer
Computers
Communications
Automotive
Medical
Industrial
2025
95.5Bconnected devices
2014
19.7B
connected
devices
5x
http://archive.eettaiwan.com/www.eettaiwan.com/STATIC/PDF/201507/SiliconLabs.pdf
Medical Automotive
Communications
Industrial
IHS Technology predicts:
In < 10 years it's estimated that
there will be close to 100 billion
connected devices…

https://www.flickr.com/photos/40054618@N03/5140728113/
yet when I speak to people
who make things
for the web…
for illustrative purposes only…

http://mattturck.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/Internet-of-Things-2016.png
few are able to  
situate themselves within
its already massive ecosystem

https://www.flickr.com/photos/smithwithclass/25633623906
because IoT touches
so many ‘things’, we've all
developed our own deﬁnitions
and mental models…

which only rarely
touch the web.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/developersteve/24055957073/

it’s also still rare to ﬁnd
a web interface that enables us to
inspect or meaningfully control…
today

https://nest.com/thermostat/meet-nest-thermostat/
a home
automation system

https://sen.se/about/press/
a smart
appliance

https://www.flickr.com/photos/adactio/8225142742/
a drone

https://www.flickr.com/photos/curious_e/10642468063
a wearable
sensor
Moocall activity sensor

http://www.logisticsandsupplychain.com/volvo-driverless-trucks-take-part-in-platooning-challenge/
a convoy of
autonomous vehicles

https://wtvox.com/cyborgs-and-implantables/biometric-tattoos/
whatever
this is…

http://industrialiot5g.com/20160607/channels/news/industrial-iot-tag23
…or some variation of these
for B2B, industrial, or
healthcare sectors

https://www.flickr.com/photos/wwward0/16321667606
part of this has been down to
technology gaps, and the
good news is that many of
these barriers are about
to fall away…

https://www.pinterest.com/pin/417075615463765899/
EARLY VR ATTEMPT
source unknown
technology gaps are
however rarely the only
reason technologies get
stuck…

to better understand
what else may be holding
IoT back, let’s take a
brief journey into the past…

Courtesy Xerox PARC
“UBIQUITOUS
COMPUTING”1998, MARC WEISER, Xerox PARC

https://www.flickr.com/photos/aigle_dore/18594191701
a networked world of millions of
connected objects that collect and spit out
data that we (or other objects) 
may then act upon…

there’s a parallel here
with the early days of
mobile, because it’s
pretty easy to ﬁxate on
the ‘device’ part…
precious…

but ubiquitous computing was never
really meant to be about devices…
it was about people
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jamescridland/613445810/

Ubiquitous computing is
roughly the opposite of
virtual reality. Where virtual
reality puts people inside a
computer-generated world,
ubiquitous computing forces
the computer to live out here
in the world with people.
—Marc Weiser

although crude by today’s standards,
we can see fragments of this in
the very ﬁrst ‘ubicomp’ experiments…

TOASTER + SWITCH + TCP/IP
John Romkey, Simon Hackett, 
1990
JOHN ROMKEY’S
INTERNET TOASTER
a Sunbeam Deluxe Automatic Radiant
Control Toaster whose ‘on’ switch could
be controlled using the internet

WEBCAM + COFFEE POT + TCP/IP
Quentin Stafford-Fraser, Paul Jardetzky
1991
TROJAN ROOM
COFFEE POT
a webcam pointed at the pot
provided a live 128×128px
greyscale picture that helped
people working in other parts
of the building avoid pointless
trips for coffee

DANGLING STRING
a ‘calm technology’ object that used
sound and movement to provide an
ambient representation of the
office’s ethernet traffic
8FT PLASTIC SPAGHETTI + MOTOR
Natalie Jeremijenko
1995

*Romkey also co-created TCP/IP, so we really shouldn’t complain :) https://www.flickr.com/photos/matoken/4681959147
Romkey’s toaster was a toy*, a way to ask the question:
“Can we connect this to the internet?” - it was more
about the thing, and less about
the people who used it…

https://www.flickr.com/photos/macrj/7220740276/
the other two experiments, asked questions
that were far less well deﬁned,
but fundamentally more important…

“Romkey’s toaster was clever, a technical
triumph that took something analogue and made
it digital and widely connected. But the
Trojan Room Coffee Pot was useful.
It was useful because it understood that all
physical spaces and almost all appliances and
devices in the world are social, are shared
and that fundamentally, above everything
else, they have to operate in a world full
of humans. ”
— Tom Coates

http://www.popularmechanics.com/cars/a13942/3-reasons-why-driverless-cars-arent-ready-for-the-road/
from networks of self-driving cars that promise to reduce accidents
and more equitably use urban resources, to Blood Glucose Meters
that proactively reorder test strips so you never run out…
IoT promises to usher in a healthier,
more productive, efﬁcient, and
(hopefully) happier world

right now however IoT appears just about
ready to fall off a cliff…
especially at the
consumer levelIoT is here
Source: Gartner 2016

I believe part of the
reason for this, is
that while the value
of industrial IoT is
often clear…
NOT to scale
IoT Value Proposition:
Like this Kiva warehouse robot,
Komatsu autonomous truck and
this Fibaro flood sensor.
NOT
to scale

many of today’s smart
consumer objects are
a bit like Romkey's toaster…
if not literally

9 2
mytoaster @mytoaster • Feb 23
Toasting
if not literally

16 9
Done Toasting
9 2
Toasting
if not literally

4 8
mytoaster @mytoaster • Mar 2
Toasting
16 9
Done Toasting
9 2
Toasting
if not literally

15 5
Done Toasting
4 8
Toasting
16 9
Done Toasting
9 2
Toasting many of today’s smart
if not literally

11 3
mytoaster @mytoaster • May 8
Toasting
15 5
Done Toasting
4 8
Toasting
16 9
Done Toasting
9 2
Toasting
if not literally

14 7
Done Toasting
11 3
Toasting
15 5
Done Toasting
4 8
Toasting
16 9
Done Toasting
9 2
Toasting
if not literally

14 7
Done Toasting
11 3
Toasting
15 5
Done Toasting
4 8
Toasting
16 9
Done Toasting
Toasting
19 12
mytoaster @mytoaster • Jun 16
Toasting
if not literally

14 7
Done Toasting
11 3
Toasting
15 5
Done Toasting
4 8
Toasting
Done Toasting
19 12
mytoaster @mytoaster • Jun 16
Toasting
24 37
mytoaster @mytoaster • June 16
Done Toasting
if not literally

beautifully designed often
expensive hero objects with
the internet, sensors or
embedded computation bolted on
Satis smart toilet

objects that are designed
with a long-term and often
exclusive relationship in mind…
Satis smart toilet

a relationship that is
reinforced by the need
to download an app
before you can beneﬁt
from the object’s ‘smarts’…

while Romkey’s
toaster (and many of
today’s IoT objects)
are undeniably
of the internet…
I can haz internets!

the Dangling String
and Trojan Room
Coffee Pot feel more
fundamentally
of the web… CAUTION
Live Wire

not because of
the technologies
they used <
but the values they
represented and
the opportunities
they enabled…

http://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2015/04/14/nokia-conﬁrms-advanced-takeover-talks-with-alcatel-lucent/
Internet of Things
values & opportunities?
immediate ✓
inclusive ✓
user driven ✓
serendipitous ✓
ephemeral ✓
extensible ✓
unobtrusive ✓

I’m not suggesting that current
IoT products don’t espouse these values…
but I do know that many of them come for free
when you create experiences using the web
https://www.flickr.com/photos/lesardevelopment/9520725490/

https://www.flickr.com/photos/mwichary/3645906412
and as it happens, a growing number  
of technologies are converging that could  
enable us to embed these values
into the way we think and build for IoT

PHYSICAL WEB
enables you to see a list of
URLs being broadcast by
objects in the environment
around you
Physical Web
https://google.github.io/physical-web
http://dotsignals.org/google_popup.php?cid=441
http://roaminghunger.com/dub-pies/
http://www.nytimes.com/
http://nwc.co/
http://breakawaycourier.com/
http://www.mta.info/

the beacon
a thing that broadcasts a URL
the speciﬁcations for all of these parts is open source.
the scanner (browser)
a thing that scans for, retrieves, and
displays the list of nearby URLs
the physical web is pretty simple
—it has two parts

*this beacon is made by Estimote but there are many other brands available
intermittently active Bluetooth
Low Energy (BLE) radio transmitter**
tiny, long-life
(~2yrs) battery or
other power source
*many* sizes
and form factors
today's beacons are tiny objects
that you stick on a wall…
**mDNS and wi-ﬁ direct support are also being considered

http://www.spearinteriors.com/portfolio/space-planning/attachment/spaceplan03/
Permanently broadcasts
“I love you”…
Turn me off
from a distance.
Change my colour!
Understand how I work
and where to recycle me…
Check what materials I’m
made of when Craigslisting…
but in the near future,
the ability to broadcast URLs may also
be embedded into all sorts of
‘smart’ things around us

https://shortURL.io
is to broadcast a URL
at regular intervals…

…which a user’s
browser grabs, and
displays in a list* with
other nearby beacons
whenever the user
requests it
*…it also runs the URL through a proxy to protect
the user from spam and mask their presence until
they choose to directly interact with a URL
https://shortURL.io

https://webPage.io
the user is then free
to follow any of the links……and then?

https://webPage.io
…that’s technically it.
All subsequent
interactions
between the user
and site take place
on the web

but it's just a website…
Friday, 1:09 pm
BUT IT’S JUST A WEB SITE

exactly, but combine a URL with
a place and time, and you can
do all sorts of useful stuff…
Friday, 1:09 pm
Friday, 1:09 pm

Friday, 1:09 pm
Friday, 1:09 pm
…like deep-diving to more
useful and relevant content
Friday, 1:10 pm

Friday, 1:09 pm
…like deep-diving to more
useful and relevant content
Friday, 1:10 pm
Transport for London
Tube, DLR & London Overground
Part closureLondon Overgroud
Part closureNorthern
Service closedWaterloo & City
Good service
on all other
lines
Friday, 1:10 pm

Part closureLondon Overgroud
Part closureNorthern
Service closedWaterloo & City
Good service
on all other
lines
Friday, 1:10 pm
a superpower of the web however,
is it’s extensibility…the ability to
layer technologies to progressively
enhance the experience
Friday, 1:10 pm

Good service
on all other
lines
Friday, 1:10 pm
a superpower of the web however,
Friday, 1:10 pm
Friday, 1:11 pm
20 minutes
Notify me if wait exceeds:
The average wait time at the
North Entrance is 12 minutes.

Friday, 1:10 pm
Friday, 1:11 pm
20 minutes
Notify me if wait exceeds:
The average wait time at the
North Entrance is 12 minutes.
Friday, 1:11 pm
Lost?
Chat with one of our agents.
start chat
any (web) technology
can inhabit one of those
layers but the camera
API, service workers,
web notifications,
webRTC, progressive
web apps and webVR/
AR feel most promising
as materials…
web notifications
+ service workers
webRTC
+ notifications
(to re-engage)

with which to offer situated experiences
using small, context-rich applications
Snapchat’s Geoﬁlters
are tiny content bundles that become
available at a given time and location.
Using the Camera API, you can begin to
imagine creating similar experiences
using the web
Source: Techcrunch

the physical web can also
be used to expose and
enable interactions with
physical things…

interactions that are equally
serendipitous, and ephemeral,
but can be enjoyed beyond the screen…
The Panic Sign
Founded in Portland in 1997, it took Panic 15
years to get a sign. We want it to be Portland’s
sign, too. Come down to SW 11th & Burnside
at night, and go on—change our colors!
internet

“It’s about giving guests the chance to play.
For us, that was the main purpose…
It’s about engaging with your
environment and the people
around you…our goal is to 
make it as simple as possible.”  
- Jeff Voris, R&D Imagineer
Disney’ browser-based game enables visitors to play against
other guests using Mickey’s Fun Wheel as a giant game board.
At the end, the winner gets to control the lights!

using Web , we'll be able
to take this one step further…
https://www.flickr.com/photos/craigmdennis/3028922418

WEB BLUETOOTH
an open web standard that
enables users to—in a secure and
privacy preserving way—
discover, communicate with, and
directly control smart devices
using a web page
Web Bluetooth on Github
https://github.com/WebBluetoothCG/

like the physical web, this
speciﬁcations has been
designed to respect user
safety and privacyDrone
Controller
CONNECT

Drone
Controller
SEARCHING…
Parrot Drone
Playbill candle
https://googlechome.github… want to pair with:
Not seeing your device? Search again or Get help.
PAIR
all of these speciﬁcations
are designed to be safe and
mindful of user privacy

CONNECTED
DISCONNECTFLIPTAKE-OFF
CONNECTED
PLEASE ROTATE YOUR DEVICE
all of these speciﬁcations
are designed to be safe and
mindful of user privacy

CONNECTED
DISCONNECTFLIP TAKE-OFF
demo time…

https://hacks.mozilla.org/2015/08/flying-a-drone-in-your-browser-with-webbluetooth/
(…as the connection is direct, if this were a Progressive Web App
you could save it and use it offline the next time around)

New web technologies
that reach into physical world
physical web ✓
service workers ✓
web Bluetooth ✓
camera API ✓
webRTC ✓
webVR/AR ✓
progressive web apps ✓
whatever comes next… ✓
Internet of Things
values & opportunities
immediate ✓
inclusive ✓
user driven ✓
serendipitous ✓
ephemeral ✓
extensible ✓
unobtrusive ✓
secure ✓
http://www.forbes.com/sites/parmyolson/2015/04/14/nokia-conﬁrms-advanced-takeover-talks-with-alcatel-lucent/
connect the dots…

https://www.flickr.com/photos/tommypayne/8966770316
choosing the web to enable
experiences in the physical world
doesn’t just expand the
possibility space for IoT…

https://www.flickr.com/photos/kristoffer-trolle/16502038801
Metropol Parasol
Seville, Spain
it compels us to re-think
the very shape of the web…

from a network of
monolithic ‘destinations’…
https://www.flickr.com/photos/arrighi/8562416557/

…to one of small, non-linear, distributed, 
and serendipitously discoverable 
(and ideally shareable) experiences
https://vimeo.com/150736956
Special Kit Kat in Japan
include a pyramid screen, that
when placed on your smart
phone while playing the
YouTube video, makes the
artist comes to life, as a 3D
hologram

so to close, I will leave
you with one request…

https://www.flickr.com/photos/ian-arlett/19869971545/
Start today.
Take some time to get to know
the new technologies that enable
pathways between the web
and physical world…

by 2018 there will
already be more
connected things
than mobile
devices…
https://www.google.com/patents/US8246454

the social norms and
business models that drive
these future things won’t
just deﬁne our relationships with
the spaces around us… https://www.reddit.com/r/pokemongo/comments/4s8p51/operation_save_real_life_pokemon_is_a_pok%C3%A9mongo/

they will often
deﬁne the very way
that we live our lives…
HYPER-REALITY, Keiichi Matsuda, https://vimeo.com/chocobaby

lives surrounded by
actors that we may not
always see…
NEXT generation beacon
system-on-a-chip (SoC)
(includes ARM + BLE + NFC)
Today's Estimote beacon
https://twitter.com/stevecheney/status/751068334012104704

(this future is imaginary, and critical)
or control… Sensor
Garbage slot
dynamic
advertisement
informs
the algorithm
City of London orders Renew to stop tracking citizens with its trash cans

2.3K 2.6K
Whoever dropped the
elevators database please
restore it from backups so
I can go outside.
…or completely
understand.
1 44
Jamie Duncan @jamieeduncan • Jul 7
@samkottler I hear the
stairs are writing to a flat
ﬁle. just take those. :)
https://twitter.com/samkottler/status/751104712259297280

choosing the web as a material
with which to explore the physical
world doesn’t merely enable new
experiences—it enables us to
challenge existing narratives…
https://twitter.com/internetofshit/status/633278514284920833

and take a step towards
a future where the web’s values
are baked into the very way
we think about IoT…

https://www.flickr.com/photos/aigle_dore/18594191701
inclusive, serendipitous,
ephemeral, shareable, universal…

Technology is the active human
interface with the material world.
—Ursula K. LeGuin

hello@yiibu.com
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6rnkFNRpPI
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
many thanks to the
amazing photographers on
presentation deck available from
http://www.slideshare.net/yiibu
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