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global web
the emerging
https://www.flickr.com/photos/curious_e/10642468063
http://www.flickr.com/photos/psd/3149878971
the web was first conceived
25 years ago...
...by an Englishman
Source: CERN
...the initial concept
was revised with the
help of a Belgian
computer scientist...
Source: Wikipedia
Robert Cailliau
built in France (!)...
and the first web site finally
Courtesy: Google Maps
Source: Exact location where the web was invented
and hosted on a computer
designed in California...
Source: Wikipedia
(note the critically
important “do NOT
power down” sticker)
...but within the walls of a Swiss
research institute
https://www.flickr.com/photos/calistan/4034215937
fifteen years on...
as the first crop
of dot.coms went bust...
30%
North
America
29%
Europe
19%
Japan/Korea
2%
Australia
13%
rest of Asia
5%
LATM
1%
Middle
East
1%
Africa
most of the internet’s
users came from
developed economies
Source: Internet world stats - Internet users by region, 2000, per the IMF definition of “developed” in 2000)
1. U.S.A.
2. U.S.A.
3. U.S.A.
4. S. Korea
5. S. Korea
6. S. Korea
7. U.S.A.
8. Japan
9. U.S.A.
10. U.S.A.
...as did all the traffic on
the Alexa “top 10”.
Source: Alexa.com, Sept 2000, via Wayback Machine
today, the situation is quite different....
Internet penetration nears saturation in developed economies...
Internet Population and Penetration
5. Baidu (China)
7. QQ (China)
11. Taobao (China)
13. google.co.in
14. Sina (China)
10. hao123 (China)
17. Weibo (China)
20. Yandex (Russia)
...and traffic from fast
growing emerging
economies such as China,
India, and Russia now
makes up almost half of
the Alexa “top 20”.
Source: Alexa.com, April 2014
Source: Age of Man - interactive map, National Geographic
close to 3 billion of us
have yet to use the internet...
Xiaomi Hongmi
yet thanks to devices such as this,
won’t have to wait much longer
to discover it...
(...within a year, similar devices will
cost half this much)
Android platform
£83 ($130)
built & designed in China
but the internet the next billion will discover isn’t quite like
“ours”...and that’s what we’re going to discuss today
begin this story by talking
https://www.flickr.com/photos/goingslo/9328307647
which is why we’ll
about sheep...
...on Instagram
“…if you have an Instagram account, you can slap a tag
on anything, take a picture of it, and sell it...”
– Fatima Al Qadiri, Mousse magazine
https://www.flickr.com/photos/bombardier/5456285991
you know—hacked products.”
She sells dried fruit. A friend’s cousin is selling
weird potted plants...people are creating,
– Fatima Al Qadiri, Mousse magazine
“...even my grandmother has an Instagram business.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/qilin/3923289556
Instagram businesses are
particularly popular in Kuwait
https://www.flickr.com/photos/jackversloot/5023997659/
(for some unknown reason...)
more than 10,000 similar businesses
are powered by Facebook...
but over in Thailand,
businesses such as these provide a glimpse
informal economy...
of a new, digital and mobile-fuelled
the last few 1000 years of
“informal economy” has
looked something like this
http://www.flickr.com/photos/dgmckelvey/7053122601
they’re still relatively ad-hoc...
no shopping cart or online
form, just contact her using
your mobile and a popular
social messaging app
are a bit different...on the one hand
these new kinds of “informal” business
and poses a new level of
sophistication...
orders shipped daily
by courier with
tracking number
yet they are modern, global,
follow on
Instagram
contact on mobile
and WhatsApp
the goat man has fans!
gotta love the
q8animals hashtag!
http://www.flickr.com/photos/57634952@N00/3031070035/
These services don’t offer “a great experience” but are ”good enough”
and offer a good balance of reach, effort, functionality and
adaptability to local circumstances. They also fill an important gap...
83% of Thai internet
users use Facebook
Facebook even
works on his
crappy old phone
she can manage the
“site” and respond to
inquiries on mobile
while sitting here all day
the motorcycle taxi around the
corner can make quick
deliveries if needed
“...most of these pages see their largest growth
out in the countryside, where the population
is largely underserved by other e-tailers
as well as brick-and-mortar shops”
– Thailand’s powerful wave of Facebook commerce
http://www.flickr.com/photos/wakxy/5233200705/
but reaching the underserved doesn’t merely
apply to large rural populations...
China has 14 cities with populations
over five million...
https://www.flickr.com/photos/decar66/6341327886
...a whopping 41 cities with
more than 2 million inhabitants
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tahini/10468208216
...and a middle class growing at a rate of
80,000 people a day
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tahini/10468208216 Source: China Connect
rural residents can be hard
http://www.flickr.com/photos/lukewebber/4588854679
reaching China’s 600 million
its close to 700 million urban residents
but opening enough stores to service
can be outrageously expensive
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tuchodi/5620884999
(or downright implausible)
http://www.flickr.com/photos/milo_riano/4336541309
so to many Chinese, shopping online
isn’t so much an electronic version of commerce,
it *is* commerce, pure and simple
https://www.flickr.com/photos/curious_e/10473440064
...and using their mobile to do so isn’t just
a modern alternative to using a PC, it’s their primary
(or sometimes only) means of using the internet
Chinese e-commerce is also different
in one very important way...
76%
of online retail
involves individual
merchants
of online retail is sold
through online
marketplaces
90%
Source: The Economist
China’s giant, virtual marketplaces enable
buyers and sellers to find themselves
a modern virtual
version of this
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mckaysavage/135932500/
like public markets and town centres,
The largest marketplace is Alibaba’s Tmall. With more than 180 million
customers, Tmall contains products from more than 150,000
merchants and 200,000 well known brands.
Tmall charges an entry fee, and a commission for each sale, but in
return provides a high visibility, high traffic, customizable, social-
media and mobile optimized e-commerce platform.
For major brands such as Apple, hosting a virtual storefronts on TMall
is a good alternative to opening hundreds (or possibly thousands) of
brick and mortar stores across the country.
apple.tmall.com
Alibaba also offers a C2C site called Taobao, which enables consumers
(and smaller merchants) to sell products online. Taobao is a bit like
EBay, but vendors aren’t limited to selling things...
They can also sell services: This Taobao-based travel agent doesn’t
just sell you a trip, they can also arrange a travel visa, sell you a Thai
3G SIM card, a wi-fi dongle, a subway pass, or local transportation.
C2C and B2C
commerce on Taobao
T-Mall merchants pay
a commission and an
entry fee
we’ll discuss
this bit later...!TaoBao merchants don’t pay to sell
stuff, they buy advertising and other
services to help them stand out
and“A mix of ,
with a dash of .”
This family of sites enables consumers to shop for a huge range of
products that might otherwise never be available in their region.
(And yes...Tmall can sell you a new Peugeot...or a Lamborghini).
“...such is Taobao’s success these days that
running a “Taobao shop” is a national pastime,
sort of like a second job or hobby for tens of thousands
of Chinese office workers, housewives, and students”.
- Owning a Taobao shop is a new national hobby
http://www.flickr.com/photos/mckaysavage/135932500/
For many people however, it’s far more than a hobby. These sites have
enabled millions of new jobs—especially in smaller towns or rural
areas where residents can now sell their locally made products or
produce to an audience of billions.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tuchodi/5642172895
https://www.flickr.com/photos/tuchodi/5628755801
1 million
by the end of
2012 more than
T-Mall and Taobao
stores were registered
in rural areas
Source: CNN
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ahenobarbus/7979295403
one half
T-Mall & Taobao also
accounted for more than
of all parcel deliveries
in China
Source: CNN
the Chinese marketplace model has
already slipped beyond its borders...
“...most of the people have phones but
there are only 3 malls per 20 million inhabitants...
It’s a unique time...the right time to leapfrog over ‘offline’.”
- jumia.com co-founder
THE BIGGEST ONLINE SHOPPING MALL IN AFRICA
Egypt | Kenya | Uganda| Ivory Coast| Nigeria | Morocco
Access to marketplaces is creating opportunities for Western
micro-businesses, that can now source materials directly from
factories around the world.
Julie sources cake decorating
supplies direct from China using
Alibaba and sells them to customers
around the world using Etsy
Hi! My name is Julie, I live in the Bay
Area and I am the owner of Cakes And
Kids. I am wife, mother and entrepreneur
and I am forever grateful that I get to do
what I love every day!
Small and mid-size companies in emerging economies are also taking
advantage of western platforms to reach western customers with
unique and often personalized products.
family business
5 people
1 designer, 2 tailors
clothes advertised
on Etsy and made
to order
delivery in 1-2 wks
Kelans Art Couture, Foshan, China
Chinese entrepreneurs in Western markets, or “online shopping agents” in
China are also acting as middlemen, shipping hard to find (or highly
taxed) Western goods to Asia, then re-selling them on sites such as Taobao.
“... even if [Western] retailers or consumer product
companies haven’t stepped foot in mainland China,
their products are already here. Unofficially.”
- Think your brand is not for sale in China yet?
https://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/7652202244
This is creating a new and fast-growing
group of highly globalized digital-first
consumers. Consumers who live in
one region, but actively shop or seek
out products from another.
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ding_zhou/11902149336
https://www.flickr.com/photos/decar66/5150814952
but with millions of vendors in
consumers find products they truly want?
these giant marketplaces, how can
“Meet Jing
Jing is an affluent young Chinese girl who started blogging
about her life and style while studying abroad in the UK.
She is now your competition”.
http://jingxujing.blog.163.com/
Source: 青年志 | Open Youthology
“She’s a marketer.
Her Weibo micro-blog
now has over 28,000
followers. She blogs
about her life, her style
and tips for beauty and
fashion”.
Source: 青年志 | Open Youthology
“She’s a retailer.
Her Taobao shop offers copies
of luxury products she wears on
her blog. All her products are
limited edition and priced low.
It usually takes her a
couple of hours to
sell out”.
Source: 青年志 | Open Youthology
Jing promotes products
but uses Taobao to transact
on her blog and social media,
The millions of people without Jing’s time or commitment can instead
sign up for an account at an “online shopping neighbourhood”.
“Online shopping neighbourhoods are
online destinations created by social media,
where consumers can explore a curated
selection of choices”.
青年志 | Open Youthology
one of the largest sites is Meilishuo
with over 32 million users,
(which means “beauty talk”)
Sourrce: Technode and Pando Daily
5-6 million
Meilishuo generates
clicks for online
merchants per day
£300 million
...and in 2012
generated an estimated
($500M) in revenue
for downstream
merchants
Similar to an online travel agent, Meilishuo gets a cut
for each outbound transaction it generates....
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ducdigital/2892313560
If you think this sounds kind of boring,
because it’s all about girls discussing shoes,
imagine translating this model to geeks talking
about gadgets, or fans talking about books...
Part of the reason these services work, is that they feed into the virtuous
circle of mobile and social media adoption.
Source: The internet economy in the G20 (PDF)
Developing markets are going “straight to social”
Users adopt social networking quickly as they come online
China *loves*
social media
...but the most popular social media services in China
aren’t just “sites”—they’re platforms...
one of the most popular
(lately) is WeChat
three years old
500 million users
or Wēixìn - 微信 - in China
mobile-only
“Literally every single person I know,
everyone I’ve met in China, is on WeChat.
I don’t use email, I don’t use the phone, I don’t use
SMS to communicate with anyone – only WeChat.”
Hugo Barra, VP Xiaomi Global (ex VP Android Product at Google)
Photo: http://www.oezratty.net/, watch the video interview from LeWeb 2013 on YouTube
(recorded) voice chat
RSS-style subscription content
mobile contact exchange
highly customizable API
payment platform
text chat
group text or video chat
photo blogging
mobile-only, and far more
than just a messaging app
virtual wallet
WeChat’s API is extensive, enabling brands to create “mini-sites”
containing news, IVR style support or full-blown transactions
through with WeChat’s virtual wallet and payment platforms.
WeChat subscription channels API integration enables
customizations such as sub-
sections...
download our app
find
nearby
stores
...and product or service
inquiries using an automated
short messaging service
here’s the
stuff you can
ask regarding
coffee...
“cappuccino”
tell me about
“coffee”
(if you’re looking for fragments of a “one web”
philosophy, you’re sadly not going to find it here)
5 million
this Chinese New Year,
more than
people used WeChat to
purchase 20 million virtual
“Hongbao” (red envelopes
containing money)
in one 24 hour period
Thanks to clever campaigns, WeChat wallet usage is rising fast!
Source: TechInAsia
http://www.flickr.com/photos/ducdigital/2892313560
virtual wallets, mobile payment and alternative finance
models are quite popular in emerging economies, as they
help address a whole host of local challenges...
1/4 of adults
across sub-Saharan
Africa as a whole only
have accounts at formal
financial institutions
less than
of Indonesians have a
credit card
15%
Source: Wall Street Journal
http://www.flickr.com/photos/kiwanja/3169409467/
In countries such as Kenya, India and the Philippines, entirely virtual banks
such as MPESA enable customers to send and receive money, or pay for
goods and services on or offline using even the most basic mobile phone.
Indonesia, consumers can also choose to pay for
https://www.flickr.com/photos/kamshots/468265643/
in countries such as China, Nigeria and
online purchases using cash on delivery
with so much commerce
taking place on giant marketplaces,
there is also a natural fear of counterfeits
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ornellas/3308925864/sizes/l
To increase trust, Alibaba created Alipay, an online payment platform
(like PayPal) that also doubles as an escrow service and only releases
payment once goods have been received and accepted by shoppers.
With more than 800 million registered users, Alipay is now so common
that it can be used to pay for almost anything—including school fees
and loans, utility and mobile phone bills and even hospital charges.
T-Money - Korea
launched in 2004
Octopus - Hong Kong
launched in 1997(!)
Some of these “pay for everything” platforms are now decades old...
starting with one “mobile” technology, then migrating to
progressively more modern (or relevant) ones as they come along.
contactless card
wristbands
keychains
NFC/QR enabled apps
(PC) dongles
SIM integration
contactless card
keychains
NFC/QR enabled apps
(PC) dongles
AliPay integration
SIM integration
20 million cards in circulation
(for 7 million people)
71 million cards in circulation
(for 50 million people)
...and when you’ve run out of real things to pay for
virtually...why not invent a few virtual things to pay for...
Meet yy.com—a giant “Google
Hangouts” style platform with
over 300 million users and 11
million channels, and programs
ranging from karaoke, to “talk
radio” and educational topics.
Unlike YouTube or Skype—
YY has it’s own virtual
currency.
Users purchase credits from the
site and use these to show
affection for their favourite stars
by buying them virtual gifts
such as roses and lollipops.
Gifts range in cost from mere
pennies to as much as $50 (£35).
“top Karaoke singers regularly make $20K (£15K) a month
off of virtual gifts, with one college student reportedly
earning an astonishing $188K (£150K) per month
using the site to give Photoshop lessons”
- The largest social network you’ve never heard of
...meanwhile in Korea, 1000s tune in to AfreecaTV,
a similar service where Choi Ji-hwan earns
about 2 million S. Korean won ($1,880) each month
eating mountains of noodles and kimchi live each night
Source: Iamkorean
In most cases, mobile devices are the glue that tie
these platforms, services and communities together...
WeChat has for example,
built much of its functionality
around the QR code
WeChat automatically generates a QR code for each account.
To follow a person or brand, simply scan the code (on a device,
business card, poster, web site etc.)
(WeChat even provide templates enabling personalization of the code to suit your personality or your brand.)
This reliance on QR codes works, because in China (and many other
parts of Asia) almost every app (including locally built web
browsers!) has a built in QR code reader.
Qunar (travel brand) Baidu web browserTaobao
Some Chinese-made Android smartphones even have QR and
WeChat recognition built right into into the camera.
(In Japan, where QR codes were invented, manufacturers added this capability close to 10 years ago.)
the Xiaomi Mi3 camera
using QR codes to interact
and transact with brands has therefore
become common (...one might say mundane)
These college students sell
fruit on campus...in person,
but also through WeChat.
WeChat, AliBaba and other platforms are also working with department
stores and other “offline” goods merchants to extend their reach—enabling
customers to purchase goods in store by scanning QR codes on products.
...kind of like this John Lewis and Barclay
Card concept... except that 300 million
people have a WeChat account, and 800
million have an Alipay account.
these brands and consumers aren’t merely
“leapfrogging” desktop, or finance, or physical retail...
in mobile
transactions in 2013
25 billion
in mobile
transactions in 2013
150 billion
(Alipay)
they inhabit a giant rapid-prototype of our future...
Source: Business Insider
a future inhabited by people
https://www.flickr.com/photos/paulk/4693602730
for whom the words “offline”, “online”
and “mobile” have become irrelevant
with little baggage to weigh them down,
they can ignore what’s “normal” and
turn constraints into opportunities
https://www.flickr.com/photos/yto/3640718959
...the cool thing about prototypes,
is that they’re allowed to be a little crazy...
Russian e-commerce
brand Lamoda has turned
poor postal infrastructure
into an excuse to try
something that seems
completely un-scaleable...
“...Lamoda sends sales assistants directly to shoppers’
homes...uniformed delivery men bring the clothes,
wait for [customers] to try them on, offers fashion advice,
take returns and process payments on the spot”
- Russia: Where the Deliveryman Gives Fashion Advice
https://www.flickr.com/photos/41738141@N06/6814977720/
https://www.flickr.com/photos/marketingfacts/6323249188/
...in Korea, grocery stores are embedded
on Subway platforms where users scan QR codes to
buy items that are delivered just-in-time for dinner
https://www.flickr.com/photos/ivanwalsh/4317318193/l
...in China, online grocery chain Yihaodian
cleverly positioning them in high traffic
locations such as the Forbidden City
launched 1000 virtual reality branches in one day,
- Watch the campaign video
“Why build expensive roads to remote rural locations
when drones can do the job just as well?
- Forget Amazon: Drone delivery will take off in Africa
https://www.flickr.com/photos/gabrielgm/9520473233
meanwhile in Africa...
(...combine drones with Lamoda’s up-selling at your
doorstep and things could get interesting...)
https://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/8235466005
and the internet have already
the rise of mobile
changed our world beyond recognition
no one can predict what will happen next...
https://www.flickr.com/photos/rapidtravelchai/8280368709
what we do know,
is that in the future the opportunities
will be more global than they’ve *ever* been
(even Oreos aren’t sacred)
to meet tomorrow’s challenges,
and compete in this giant marketplace...
https://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/9483233878
http://www.flickr.com/photos/brownpau/4969358409
we should always remember
that what may seem futuristic to us...
https://www.flickr.com/photos/rodriguez5000/12149403593
The Economist: The next frontier
“To Westerners, ‘mobile banking’ is a new way
of doing something old. To many Africans, it’s the
obvious way of doing something new”
may merely feel new
and practical to others...
http://www.flickr.com/photos/tinou/453593446
thank you
many thanksto the amazing
photographerson
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0
@yiibu
hello@yiibu.com
contactus
at
Presentation deck available @
http://www.slideshare.net/yiibu

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The Emerging Global Web

  • 4. ...the initial concept was revised with the help of a Belgian computer scientist... Source: Wikipedia Robert Cailliau
  • 5. built in France (!)... and the first web site finally Courtesy: Google Maps Source: Exact location where the web was invented
  • 6. and hosted on a computer designed in California... Source: Wikipedia (note the critically important “do NOT power down” sticker)
  • 7. ...but within the walls of a Swiss research institute https://www.flickr.com/photos/calistan/4034215937
  • 9. as the first crop of dot.coms went bust...
  • 10. 30% North America 29% Europe 19% Japan/Korea 2% Australia 13% rest of Asia 5% LATM 1% Middle East 1% Africa most of the internet’s users came from developed economies Source: Internet world stats - Internet users by region, 2000, per the IMF definition of “developed” in 2000)
  • 11. 1. U.S.A. 2. U.S.A. 3. U.S.A. 4. S. Korea 5. S. Korea 6. S. Korea 7. U.S.A. 8. Japan 9. U.S.A. 10. U.S.A. ...as did all the traffic on the Alexa “top 10”. Source: Alexa.com, Sept 2000, via Wayback Machine
  • 12. today, the situation is quite different....
  • 13. Internet penetration nears saturation in developed economies... Internet Population and Penetration
  • 14. 5. Baidu (China) 7. QQ (China) 11. Taobao (China) 13. google.co.in 14. Sina (China) 10. hao123 (China) 17. Weibo (China) 20. Yandex (Russia) ...and traffic from fast growing emerging economies such as China, India, and Russia now makes up almost half of the Alexa “top 20”. Source: Alexa.com, April 2014
  • 15. Source: Age of Man - interactive map, National Geographic close to 3 billion of us have yet to use the internet...
  • 16. Xiaomi Hongmi yet thanks to devices such as this, won’t have to wait much longer to discover it... (...within a year, similar devices will cost half this much) Android platform £83 ($130) built & designed in China
  • 17. but the internet the next billion will discover isn’t quite like “ours”...and that’s what we’re going to discuss today
  • 18. begin this story by talking https://www.flickr.com/photos/goingslo/9328307647 which is why we’ll about sheep...
  • 20. “…if you have an Instagram account, you can slap a tag on anything, take a picture of it, and sell it...” – Fatima Al Qadiri, Mousse magazine https://www.flickr.com/photos/bombardier/5456285991
  • 21. you know—hacked products.” She sells dried fruit. A friend’s cousin is selling weird potted plants...people are creating, – Fatima Al Qadiri, Mousse magazine “...even my grandmother has an Instagram business. https://www.flickr.com/photos/qilin/3923289556
  • 22. Instagram businesses are particularly popular in Kuwait https://www.flickr.com/photos/jackversloot/5023997659/ (for some unknown reason...)
  • 23. more than 10,000 similar businesses are powered by Facebook... but over in Thailand,
  • 24. businesses such as these provide a glimpse informal economy... of a new, digital and mobile-fuelled the last few 1000 years of “informal economy” has looked something like this http://www.flickr.com/photos/dgmckelvey/7053122601
  • 25. they’re still relatively ad-hoc... no shopping cart or online form, just contact her using your mobile and a popular social messaging app are a bit different...on the one hand these new kinds of “informal” business
  • 26. and poses a new level of sophistication... orders shipped daily by courier with tracking number yet they are modern, global,
  • 27. follow on Instagram contact on mobile and WhatsApp the goat man has fans! gotta love the q8animals hashtag!
  • 28. http://www.flickr.com/photos/57634952@N00/3031070035/ These services don’t offer “a great experience” but are ”good enough” and offer a good balance of reach, effort, functionality and adaptability to local circumstances. They also fill an important gap... 83% of Thai internet users use Facebook Facebook even works on his crappy old phone she can manage the “site” and respond to inquiries on mobile while sitting here all day the motorcycle taxi around the corner can make quick deliveries if needed
  • 29. “...most of these pages see their largest growth out in the countryside, where the population is largely underserved by other e-tailers as well as brick-and-mortar shops” – Thailand’s powerful wave of Facebook commerce http://www.flickr.com/photos/wakxy/5233200705/
  • 30. but reaching the underserved doesn’t merely apply to large rural populations...
  • 31. China has 14 cities with populations over five million... https://www.flickr.com/photos/decar66/6341327886
  • 32. ...a whopping 41 cities with more than 2 million inhabitants http://www.flickr.com/photos/tahini/10468208216
  • 33. ...and a middle class growing at a rate of 80,000 people a day http://www.flickr.com/photos/tahini/10468208216 Source: China Connect
  • 34. rural residents can be hard http://www.flickr.com/photos/lukewebber/4588854679 reaching China’s 600 million
  • 35. its close to 700 million urban residents but opening enough stores to service can be outrageously expensive http://www.flickr.com/photos/tuchodi/5620884999 (or downright implausible)
  • 36. http://www.flickr.com/photos/milo_riano/4336541309 so to many Chinese, shopping online isn’t so much an electronic version of commerce, it *is* commerce, pure and simple
  • 37. https://www.flickr.com/photos/curious_e/10473440064 ...and using their mobile to do so isn’t just a modern alternative to using a PC, it’s their primary (or sometimes only) means of using the internet
  • 38. Chinese e-commerce is also different in one very important way...
  • 39. 76% of online retail involves individual merchants of online retail is sold through online marketplaces 90% Source: The Economist
  • 40. China’s giant, virtual marketplaces enable buyers and sellers to find themselves a modern virtual version of this http://www.flickr.com/photos/mckaysavage/135932500/ like public markets and town centres,
  • 41. The largest marketplace is Alibaba’s Tmall. With more than 180 million customers, Tmall contains products from more than 150,000 merchants and 200,000 well known brands.
  • 42. Tmall charges an entry fee, and a commission for each sale, but in return provides a high visibility, high traffic, customizable, social- media and mobile optimized e-commerce platform.
  • 43. For major brands such as Apple, hosting a virtual storefronts on TMall is a good alternative to opening hundreds (or possibly thousands) of brick and mortar stores across the country. apple.tmall.com
  • 44. Alibaba also offers a C2C site called Taobao, which enables consumers (and smaller merchants) to sell products online. Taobao is a bit like EBay, but vendors aren’t limited to selling things...
  • 45. They can also sell services: This Taobao-based travel agent doesn’t just sell you a trip, they can also arrange a travel visa, sell you a Thai 3G SIM card, a wi-fi dongle, a subway pass, or local transportation.
  • 46. C2C and B2C commerce on Taobao T-Mall merchants pay a commission and an entry fee we’ll discuss this bit later...!TaoBao merchants don’t pay to sell stuff, they buy advertising and other services to help them stand out and“A mix of , with a dash of .”
  • 47. This family of sites enables consumers to shop for a huge range of products that might otherwise never be available in their region. (And yes...Tmall can sell you a new Peugeot...or a Lamborghini).
  • 48. “...such is Taobao’s success these days that running a “Taobao shop” is a national pastime, sort of like a second job or hobby for tens of thousands of Chinese office workers, housewives, and students”. - Owning a Taobao shop is a new national hobby http://www.flickr.com/photos/mckaysavage/135932500/
  • 49. For many people however, it’s far more than a hobby. These sites have enabled millions of new jobs—especially in smaller towns or rural areas where residents can now sell their locally made products or produce to an audience of billions. http://www.flickr.com/photos/tuchodi/5642172895
  • 50. https://www.flickr.com/photos/tuchodi/5628755801 1 million by the end of 2012 more than T-Mall and Taobao stores were registered in rural areas Source: CNN
  • 51. https://www.flickr.com/photos/ahenobarbus/7979295403 one half T-Mall & Taobao also accounted for more than of all parcel deliveries in China Source: CNN
  • 52. the Chinese marketplace model has already slipped beyond its borders...
  • 53. “...most of the people have phones but there are only 3 malls per 20 million inhabitants... It’s a unique time...the right time to leapfrog over ‘offline’.” - jumia.com co-founder THE BIGGEST ONLINE SHOPPING MALL IN AFRICA Egypt | Kenya | Uganda| Ivory Coast| Nigeria | Morocco
  • 54. Access to marketplaces is creating opportunities for Western micro-businesses, that can now source materials directly from factories around the world. Julie sources cake decorating supplies direct from China using Alibaba and sells them to customers around the world using Etsy Hi! My name is Julie, I live in the Bay Area and I am the owner of Cakes And Kids. I am wife, mother and entrepreneur and I am forever grateful that I get to do what I love every day!
  • 55. Small and mid-size companies in emerging economies are also taking advantage of western platforms to reach western customers with unique and often personalized products. family business 5 people 1 designer, 2 tailors clothes advertised on Etsy and made to order delivery in 1-2 wks Kelans Art Couture, Foshan, China
  • 56. Chinese entrepreneurs in Western markets, or “online shopping agents” in China are also acting as middlemen, shipping hard to find (or highly taxed) Western goods to Asia, then re-selling them on sites such as Taobao. “... even if [Western] retailers or consumer product companies haven’t stepped foot in mainland China, their products are already here. Unofficially.” - Think your brand is not for sale in China yet? https://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/7652202244
  • 57. This is creating a new and fast-growing group of highly globalized digital-first consumers. Consumers who live in one region, but actively shop or seek out products from another. https://www.flickr.com/photos/ding_zhou/11902149336
  • 58. https://www.flickr.com/photos/decar66/5150814952 but with millions of vendors in consumers find products they truly want? these giant marketplaces, how can
  • 59. “Meet Jing Jing is an affluent young Chinese girl who started blogging about her life and style while studying abroad in the UK. She is now your competition”. http://jingxujing.blog.163.com/ Source: 青年志 | Open Youthology
  • 60. “She’s a marketer. Her Weibo micro-blog now has over 28,000 followers. She blogs about her life, her style and tips for beauty and fashion”. Source: 青年志 | Open Youthology
  • 61. “She’s a retailer. Her Taobao shop offers copies of luxury products she wears on her blog. All her products are limited edition and priced low. It usually takes her a couple of hours to sell out”. Source: 青年志 | Open Youthology
  • 62. Jing promotes products but uses Taobao to transact on her blog and social media,
  • 63. The millions of people without Jing’s time or commitment can instead sign up for an account at an “online shopping neighbourhood”.
  • 64. “Online shopping neighbourhoods are online destinations created by social media, where consumers can explore a curated selection of choices”. 青年志 | Open Youthology
  • 65. one of the largest sites is Meilishuo with over 32 million users, (which means “beauty talk”)
  • 66. Sourrce: Technode and Pando Daily 5-6 million Meilishuo generates clicks for online merchants per day £300 million ...and in 2012 generated an estimated ($500M) in revenue for downstream merchants Similar to an online travel agent, Meilishuo gets a cut for each outbound transaction it generates.... http://www.flickr.com/photos/ducdigital/2892313560
  • 67. If you think this sounds kind of boring, because it’s all about girls discussing shoes, imagine translating this model to geeks talking about gadgets, or fans talking about books...
  • 68. Part of the reason these services work, is that they feed into the virtuous circle of mobile and social media adoption. Source: The internet economy in the G20 (PDF) Developing markets are going “straight to social” Users adopt social networking quickly as they come online
  • 70. ...but the most popular social media services in China aren’t just “sites”—they’re platforms...
  • 71. one of the most popular (lately) is WeChat three years old 500 million users or Wēixìn - 微信 - in China mobile-only
  • 72. “Literally every single person I know, everyone I’ve met in China, is on WeChat. I don’t use email, I don’t use the phone, I don’t use SMS to communicate with anyone – only WeChat.” Hugo Barra, VP Xiaomi Global (ex VP Android Product at Google) Photo: http://www.oezratty.net/, watch the video interview from LeWeb 2013 on YouTube
  • 73. (recorded) voice chat RSS-style subscription content mobile contact exchange highly customizable API payment platform text chat group text or video chat photo blogging mobile-only, and far more than just a messaging app virtual wallet
  • 74. WeChat’s API is extensive, enabling brands to create “mini-sites” containing news, IVR style support or full-blown transactions through with WeChat’s virtual wallet and payment platforms. WeChat subscription channels API integration enables customizations such as sub- sections... download our app find nearby stores ...and product or service inquiries using an automated short messaging service here’s the stuff you can ask regarding coffee... “cappuccino” tell me about “coffee”
  • 75. (if you’re looking for fragments of a “one web” philosophy, you’re sadly not going to find it here)
  • 76. 5 million this Chinese New Year, more than people used WeChat to purchase 20 million virtual “Hongbao” (red envelopes containing money) in one 24 hour period Thanks to clever campaigns, WeChat wallet usage is rising fast! Source: TechInAsia
  • 77. http://www.flickr.com/photos/ducdigital/2892313560 virtual wallets, mobile payment and alternative finance models are quite popular in emerging economies, as they help address a whole host of local challenges... 1/4 of adults across sub-Saharan Africa as a whole only have accounts at formal financial institutions less than of Indonesians have a credit card 15% Source: Wall Street Journal
  • 78. http://www.flickr.com/photos/kiwanja/3169409467/ In countries such as Kenya, India and the Philippines, entirely virtual banks such as MPESA enable customers to send and receive money, or pay for goods and services on or offline using even the most basic mobile phone.
  • 79. Indonesia, consumers can also choose to pay for https://www.flickr.com/photos/kamshots/468265643/ in countries such as China, Nigeria and online purchases using cash on delivery
  • 80. with so much commerce taking place on giant marketplaces, there is also a natural fear of counterfeits https://www.flickr.com/photos/ornellas/3308925864/sizes/l
  • 81. To increase trust, Alibaba created Alipay, an online payment platform (like PayPal) that also doubles as an escrow service and only releases payment once goods have been received and accepted by shoppers.
  • 82. With more than 800 million registered users, Alipay is now so common that it can be used to pay for almost anything—including school fees and loans, utility and mobile phone bills and even hospital charges.
  • 83. T-Money - Korea launched in 2004 Octopus - Hong Kong launched in 1997(!) Some of these “pay for everything” platforms are now decades old... starting with one “mobile” technology, then migrating to progressively more modern (or relevant) ones as they come along. contactless card wristbands keychains NFC/QR enabled apps (PC) dongles SIM integration contactless card keychains NFC/QR enabled apps (PC) dongles AliPay integration SIM integration 20 million cards in circulation (for 7 million people) 71 million cards in circulation (for 50 million people)
  • 84. ...and when you’ve run out of real things to pay for virtually...why not invent a few virtual things to pay for...
  • 85. Meet yy.com—a giant “Google Hangouts” style platform with over 300 million users and 11 million channels, and programs ranging from karaoke, to “talk radio” and educational topics.
  • 86. Unlike YouTube or Skype— YY has it’s own virtual currency. Users purchase credits from the site and use these to show affection for their favourite stars by buying them virtual gifts such as roses and lollipops. Gifts range in cost from mere pennies to as much as $50 (£35).
  • 87. “top Karaoke singers regularly make $20K (£15K) a month off of virtual gifts, with one college student reportedly earning an astonishing $188K (£150K) per month using the site to give Photoshop lessons” - The largest social network you’ve never heard of
  • 88. ...meanwhile in Korea, 1000s tune in to AfreecaTV, a similar service where Choi Ji-hwan earns about 2 million S. Korean won ($1,880) each month eating mountains of noodles and kimchi live each night Source: Iamkorean
  • 89. In most cases, mobile devices are the glue that tie these platforms, services and communities together...
  • 90. WeChat has for example, built much of its functionality around the QR code
  • 91. WeChat automatically generates a QR code for each account. To follow a person or brand, simply scan the code (on a device, business card, poster, web site etc.) (WeChat even provide templates enabling personalization of the code to suit your personality or your brand.)
  • 92. This reliance on QR codes works, because in China (and many other parts of Asia) almost every app (including locally built web browsers!) has a built in QR code reader. Qunar (travel brand) Baidu web browserTaobao
  • 93. Some Chinese-made Android smartphones even have QR and WeChat recognition built right into into the camera. (In Japan, where QR codes were invented, manufacturers added this capability close to 10 years ago.) the Xiaomi Mi3 camera
  • 94. using QR codes to interact and transact with brands has therefore become common (...one might say mundane) These college students sell fruit on campus...in person, but also through WeChat.
  • 95. WeChat, AliBaba and other platforms are also working with department stores and other “offline” goods merchants to extend their reach—enabling customers to purchase goods in store by scanning QR codes on products. ...kind of like this John Lewis and Barclay Card concept... except that 300 million people have a WeChat account, and 800 million have an Alipay account.
  • 96. these brands and consumers aren’t merely “leapfrogging” desktop, or finance, or physical retail...
  • 97. in mobile transactions in 2013 25 billion in mobile transactions in 2013 150 billion (Alipay) they inhabit a giant rapid-prototype of our future... Source: Business Insider
  • 98. a future inhabited by people https://www.flickr.com/photos/paulk/4693602730 for whom the words “offline”, “online” and “mobile” have become irrelevant
  • 99. with little baggage to weigh them down, they can ignore what’s “normal” and turn constraints into opportunities https://www.flickr.com/photos/yto/3640718959
  • 100. ...the cool thing about prototypes, is that they’re allowed to be a little crazy...
  • 101. Russian e-commerce brand Lamoda has turned poor postal infrastructure into an excuse to try something that seems completely un-scaleable...
  • 102. “...Lamoda sends sales assistants directly to shoppers’ homes...uniformed delivery men bring the clothes, wait for [customers] to try them on, offers fashion advice, take returns and process payments on the spot” - Russia: Where the Deliveryman Gives Fashion Advice https://www.flickr.com/photos/41738141@N06/6814977720/
  • 103. https://www.flickr.com/photos/marketingfacts/6323249188/ ...in Korea, grocery stores are embedded on Subway platforms where users scan QR codes to buy items that are delivered just-in-time for dinner
  • 104. https://www.flickr.com/photos/ivanwalsh/4317318193/l ...in China, online grocery chain Yihaodian cleverly positioning them in high traffic locations such as the Forbidden City launched 1000 virtual reality branches in one day, - Watch the campaign video
  • 105. “Why build expensive roads to remote rural locations when drones can do the job just as well? - Forget Amazon: Drone delivery will take off in Africa https://www.flickr.com/photos/gabrielgm/9520473233 meanwhile in Africa...
  • 106. (...combine drones with Lamoda’s up-selling at your doorstep and things could get interesting...)
  • 107. https://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/8235466005 and the internet have already the rise of mobile changed our world beyond recognition
  • 108. no one can predict what will happen next...
  • 109. https://www.flickr.com/photos/rapidtravelchai/8280368709 what we do know, is that in the future the opportunities will be more global than they’ve *ever* been (even Oreos aren’t sacred)
  • 110. to meet tomorrow’s challenges, and compete in this giant marketplace... https://www.flickr.com/photos/johnas/9483233878
  • 111. http://www.flickr.com/photos/brownpau/4969358409 we should always remember that what may seem futuristic to us...
  • 112. https://www.flickr.com/photos/rodriguez5000/12149403593 The Economist: The next frontier “To Westerners, ‘mobile banking’ is a new way of doing something old. To many Africans, it’s the obvious way of doing something new” may merely feel new and practical to others...
  • 113. http://www.flickr.com/photos/tinou/453593446 thank you many thanksto the amazing photographerson http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 @yiibu hello@yiibu.com contactus at Presentation deck available @ http://www.slideshare.net/yiibu