In this section we will take a look at how semen is collected, packaged, frozen, and what very important quality controls are used at ABS.
Let’s begin with quality control issues. When you inseminate a cow or heifer it is important that the semen be positively identified. Every bull gets assigned an A.I. organization number, letters denoting breed, and 4 or 5 numbers identifying that individual bull.
Every bull must pass extensive health tests, prior to being admitted to the stud, and more before he is put on semen collection. These health tests are administered regularly during the bulls stay at the stud to maintain ABS’ high level of healthy semen. These are then electronically scanned before the bull is collected.
The artificial vagina is extremely important to getting semen collected. It must be handled and prepared properly to obtain maximum volume and quality collections.
Once the bull has been stimulated, he is allowed to mount another animal, and as he thrusts; the collector will insert the penis into the A.V. and the bull ejaculates. Semen is collected in the tube at the base of the A.V.
Then the bull’s electronic ear tag is scanned and the information is stored in the scanner.
The scanner is then discharged into a computer and the data automatically generates bar coded labels for each ejaculate. Making this information available to the ABS network.
The label is attached to the collection tube. The tube is sent to the processing lab, through a pneumatic tube arriving within 2 minutes.
Extender is prepared, its primary function is to protect the semen during the freezing and thawing process. Glycerol is the key to this, inhibiting the crystallization of the semen.
When the semen gets to the lab the label is scanned again and the sample is visually inspected for debris and blood.
The sample is weighed to determine volume, and this value is automatically entered into the bull’s record in the database.
Antibiotics and extender are added to the collection.
The extended semen is then examined under a microscope to determine if there are any obvious abnormalities.
The collection is then placed in a spectrophotometer to determine sperm cell numbers.
The semen is then transferred to a cold room where each bull’s ejaculates for the day are pooled.
The computer uses the final volume of extended semen to determine how many straws will be packaged from the collection.
It is then packaged in ½ and ¼ milliliter straws. Each straw will have the ABS logo, the bull’s full registered name, registration number, stud code number and a collection code number printed on it.
Machines then fill the straws and ultrasonically seal them in the cold room
After a visual inspection of the straws they are put in the unique ABS straw racks.
The semen is then frozen and stored at -320 ° F until needed somewhere in the world.
ABS uses photomicroscopy on every collection to insure it meets ABS standards and a photo is on file as a base to check for future changes.
Which cells are alive? Only the ones leaving tracks. This is a positive measurement.