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Kaya etymology
1. Kaya
Lesson Plan: 1002: The Etymology, synonyms and classification of term Kaya KCBasics 01
Basics
EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉ - {Énù {ÉÊ®ú¦ÉÉ¹É Terminology of Kayachikitsa
The twentieth century has seen a revolu- Kayachikitsa is of two words
tion in the basic sciences, which started Kaya and Chikitsa. In nut shell
in physics, spread to chemistry, and, Kaya is body and the Chikitsa
ultimately, completely changed the face
is management.
of biology. Remarkable developments in
physics and new kind of chemistry, Kaya word refers with not only
which would start to explain the struc- physical but also to that of
ture of the molecules that make up living psychological constitutions as the term Kaya is
things. The amalgamation of physics and used to define Satwika kaya etc,
chemistry spawned a new discipline,
Life – components
molecular biology, which was to unravel
the way in which genetic information is Life less body is ineffective. The management is
passed from generation to generation and done for the body with life only. The life is of
how individual cells function, both as concomitant of various factors, viz. Agni (Sun /fire /
self-contained units and as part of the digestive/ transformative element), Soma (Moon/
complex communication network which soft/adhesive element), Vayu (wind/respire/
is the basis of life itself. It is apparent
pragmatic/differentiate element), Satwa, Raja &
that molecular and cell biology have
enormous potential for the future of Tama (psycho capacities), Panchendriyani (Five
medical research and practice. Oxford sense organs) and Bhuta (five basic elemental
Textbook of Medicine, 3rd ed, CD ROM, structures) and Atma (soul). (Su.Sha.4)
1.10, September 16, 1996 Kayachikitsa - Definitions
+ÎMxÉ: ºÉÉä¨ÉÉä ´ÉɪÉÖ: ºÉi´ÉÆ ®úVɺiɨÉ: 1) The treatment or management of the
disease in the living body is defined as
{ÉYÉäÎxpùªÉÉÊhÉ ¦ÉÚiÉÉi¨ÉäÊiÉ |ÉÉhÉ: - ºÉÖ.¶ÉÉ.4 Kayachikitsa.
1) EòɪɺªÉ ÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ 2) Kaya means Agni (thermal activity either of
2) EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉäÊiÉ chemical or physical), the management to sustain
EòɪɺªÉÉxiÉ®úMxÉäζSÉÊEòiºÉÉ - MÉÆMÉÉvÉ®ú its normal activity in the body is Kayachikitsa.
3) Body internal fire or thermal activity either of
3) EòɪɺªÉÉxiÉ®úMxÉäζSÉÊEòiºÉÉ EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ chemical or physical (Agni) management is
- SÉ.ºÉÚ.30/28 SÉGò{ÉÉÊhÉ Kayachikitsa (Cha.Su.30/28 – Chakrapani)
4) EòɪÉÉä%jÉÉÎMxɯûSªÉiÉä iɺªÉ ÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ 4) Other wise Kaya is noted as Deha – Body, its
management at the disease state is Kayachikitsa.
CªÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ: (Sus.Su.1/7 – Dalhana)
+vÉ´ÉÉ EòɪÉÉä näù½þ: iɺªÉ ÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ 5) Kayachikitsa is defined as the activity of
EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ - ºÉÖ.ºÉÚ.1/7 b÷±½þhÉ suppressing the diseases developed all over the
5) EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ xÉÉ¨É ºÉ´ÉÉÈMÉ ºÉÆʸÉiÉÉxÉÉÆ body either physical or psychological in nature
such as – Jwara, Raktapitta, Sosha, Unmada,
´ªÉÉvÉÒxÉÉÆ V´É®ú®úHòÊ{ÉkÉ ¶ÉÉä¹ÉÉäx¨ÉÉnùÉ{ɺ¨ÉÉ®ú Apasmara, Kusta, Meha, Atisara, etc. (Sus.Su.1/3)
EÖò¹]õ¨Éä½þÉÊiɺÉÉ®únùÒxÉɨÉÖ{ɶɨÉxÉÉvÉÈ - ºÉÖ.ºÉÚ.1/3 6) Bhoja define the digestive fire in the abdomen of
6) VÉÉ`ö®ú: |ÉÉÊhÉxÉɨÉÎMxÉ: EòÉªÉ <iªÉʦÉnùÒªÉiÉä - ¦ÉÉäVÉ living beings is said as Kaya.
A lesson by Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad (09633552646/09290566566) - technoayurveda@gmail.com
2. Kaya
A lesson by Dr. K. Shiva Rama Prasad (09633552646/09290566566) - technoayurveda@gmail.com KCBasics02
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7) EòɪÉ: ºÉEò±É¶É®úÒ®Æú iɺªÉ ÊSÉÊEòiºÉÉ |ÉɪÉähÉ ®úºÉÉnä: ù 7) Kaya means the entire body, the management in
ºÉ´ÉÉÇYÉ´ªÉÉ{ÉEòºªÉ nùɹÉÉnäù´É V´É®úÉÊiɺÉÉ®ú®úHò
ä terms probably means as the management of
vitiated humors (Dosha) which are spread in the
Ê{ÉkÉÉnùªÉ: ºÉ¨¦É´ÉÎxiÉ: ËEò´ÉÉ EòɪÉÉä VÉÉ`ö®úÉÎMxÉ: tissues (Dhatu) to cause the disease, such as
=HÆòSÉ ¦ÉÉäVÉä VÉÉ`ö®ú: |ÉÉÊhÉxÉɨÉÎMxÉ: EòÉªÉ Jwara, atisara, Raktapitta, etc. According to Bhoja
<iªÉʦÉnùÒªÉiÉä - ªÉºiÉÆ ÊSÉÊEòiºÉäiÉ xÉÒnùxiÉÆ ºÉ ´Éè explanation the Kaya is Anataragni or Jatharagni.
The management of the body in terms the internal
EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòiºÉEò: - <ÊiÉ - digestive fire (Jatharagni) is Kayachikitsa.
SÉ.ºÉÚ.30/28 ʶɴÉnùɺɺÉäxÉ (Cha.Su.30/28 – Shivadasa Sen)
8) ÊxÉiªÉÖ{ɪÉÉäÊMÉ ÊxɦÉænùÆ ºÉ´ÉÉÈMÉ ´ªÉÉÊ{ɦÉÉ´ÉiÉ: 8) The activity which is in daily usage and expels
ºÉƺÉÞʽþiÉÆ Ê´É¶Éä¹ÉähÉ ªÉiºÉ EòɪÉÊSÉÊEòÎiºÉiɨÉ - the disease which is spread all over the body
specifically evacuate the vitiated is defined as
º´ÉºlÉÉxÉÆ EòɪÉÉMxÉä {ÉC´ÉɨɶɪÉÉä¨ÉÇvªÉ¨É - SÉ.ºÉÚ. 28/3 Kayachikitsa.
EòɪÉÉÎMxÉ Kayagni
º´ÉºlÉÉxɺªÉ EòɪÉÉMxÉä®ú¶ÉÉ - +.¾þ.ºÉÚ.11/34
Æ The seat of the Kayagni is in between the
Pakwashaya and Amashaya (Cha.Su.28/3). The
º´ÉºlÉÉxÉÆ EòɪÉÉMxÉä: - {ÉC´ÉɨÉɶɪɪÉÉä¨ÉÇvªÉ¨É - - iÉjÉ Kayagni other wise is the Jatharanalam
{ÉC´ÉɨÉÉ¶ÉªÉ ¨ÉvªÉä Êiɹ]õiÉÒÊiÉ º´ÉºlÉÉxɺªÉ, iɺªÉè´ÉÆÊ´ÉvɺªÉ (A.H.Su.11/34 – Arunadutta). Swasthana (natural
EòɪÉÉMyÉ: - VÉÉ`ö®úÉxɱɺªÉ - +.¾þ.ºÉÚ.11/34 +¯ûhÉnùkÉ seat) of Kayagni is Grahani, where Kayagni digests
the Anna (food) -(A.H.Su.11/34 – Hemadri).
º´ÉºlÉÉxɺªÉ OɽþhÉÒºlɺªÉ - EòɪÉÉMxÉä: +zÉ{ÉHÖò: Synonyms
- +.¾þ.ºÉÚ.11/34 ½äþ¨ÉÉÊpù Kalevara, Gatra, Vapu, Samhananam, Shareeram,
{ɪÉÉǪÉ: Varshma, Vigraham, Kaya, Deha, Moorti, Tanu and
Eò±Éä´É®ú¨ÉÂ, MÉÉjɨÉÂ, ´É{ÉÖ:, ºÉƽþxÉxɨÉÂ, ¶É®úÒ®ú¨ÉÂ, Tanoo are the synonyms told by Amarakosha.
´É¹¨ÉÇ, Ê´ÉOɽþ:, EòɪÉ:, näù½þ:, C±ÉÒ´É{ÉÖƺÉÉä,: Halayudha Bhat author of Abhidana Ratnamala
ºjÉÒªÉɨÉ ¨ÉÚÌiɺiÉxÉÖºiÉxÉÚ: - +¨É®úEòÉä¶É added nada, Pinda, Puram, Ghanam, Moorti and
+Æb÷ Ë{Éb÷ {ÉÖ®ú PÉxɨÉ ¨ÉÚÌiÉ: ʽþ IÉäjɨÉ - Kshetram.
+ʦÉnùÉxÉ ®úixɨÉÉ±É - ½þ±ÉɪÉÖvÉ ¦É]Âõ]õ Kalevaram is defined at Shabdastoma Mahanidhi
Eò±Éä´É®ú¨É - Eò±Éä ¶ÉÖGäò ºÉÊiÉ ªÉnÂù ´É®Æú of Taranath Bhattacharya (1876). The body which
- ¸Éä¹]õ¨É iÉiÉ Eò±Éä´É®ú¨É <ÊiÉ =SªÉiÉä makes the powerful through semen conservation
(celibacy) is the best for the genesis of offspring.
For such the body is used thus it is termed as
medicine n. 1 science or “Kalevaram”.
practice of the diagnosis,
body n.1 whole physical struc-
treatment, and prevention
ture, including the bones, flesh,
of disease, esp. as distinct
from surgery. 2 drug etc. and organs, of a person or an
for the treatment or prevention of animal, whether dead or alive.
disease, esp. taken by mouth. n take 2 = *trunk 3 main or central
one’s medicine submit to something part; bulk or majority (body of opinion).
disagreeable. [Latin medicina] Pocket 4 quantity (body of water). 5 piece of
Oxford Dictionary, March 1994 matter (heavenly body). 7 colloq. person.
4. Kaya
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ºÉƽþxÉxɨÉ - ºÉ½þxªÉiÉä ½þÊiÉ |ɶÉvÉǺÉƺÉÞVªÉiÉä <ÊiÉ
Samhananam – Raja Kantadev of Shabdakalpa
ºÉƽþxÉxɨÉÂ
Druma define Samhanana as the concomitant
ºÉ½þÎxiÉ - ºÉÆPɪªÉÊiÉ Ê´ÉÊ´ÉvÉÉxÉ ¶É®úÒ®úvÉÉiÉÚxÉÂ
structure of Anga and Pratyanga in the form of
º´ÉÊxɨÉÉÇhÉ{ÉäIɪÉÉ <ÊiÉ ºÉƽþxÉxɨÉÂ
body for the construction of the body. For the
+ÉvªÉÉÎi¨ÉEò |ÉÉhÉÉ: ¤ÉɱÉÉxÉÉÆ MɦÉǺiÉʶɶÉÚxÉÉÆ
related structure formation it takes the help of
Adhyatmika prana.
ʦɱÉ䦪É: - +ÆMÉ䦪ÉʽþiÉÉ <ÊiÉ ¤ÉɱÉÊJɱªÉÉ
Adhyatmika prana – are classified as four.
They are
|ÉÉhÉ<ÊiÉ
´ÉÞ¹ÉÉhÉÉÆ Eò±{ÉʪÉÊiÉ ´ÉÞ¹ÉÉEÞòÊ{É|ÉÉhÉ:
1) Nabhavedista Prana – the prana which is
¨ÉÚÌiÉ - ¨ÉÚSÉÇÊiÉ - EòÊ`öxÉEòɪÉiÉÉÆ nùkÉä ¶ÉÖGò¶ÉÉäÊhÉiÉÆ
associated with semen and participates in the
iÉ®ú±É¨ÉÊ{É ¤ÉÒVÉʨÉÊiÉ ¨ÉÚÌiÉ:
formation of foetus is Nabhavedista Prana.
¶ÉÒiÉÉä¹hÉɦªÉÉÆ {ÉÊ®úiÉ{ªÉ¨ÉÉxÉÉiPÉ (¨ÉÚÌiÉ) ºÉÆVÉɪÉiÉä
Probably correlated or compared to chromosomes.
iÉxÉÖ / iÉxÉÚ - iÉxÉÉäÊiÉ ºÉÆiÉÉxÉ {É®Æú{É®ú
2) Balakhilya Prana – the sequence of body
ʴɺiÉÉ®úªÉÊiÉ ºÉnùÉǶÉÉxÉ +xªÉÉxÉ EòɪÉÉxÉ <ÊiÉ iÉxÉÖ:
development (Anga Pratyanga) in the foetus and
iÉVVÉɪÉÉ VÉɪÉÉ ¦É´ÉÊiÉ ªÉSɺªÉÉÆ VÉɪÉiÉä {ÉÖxÉ: -
attaining life in individual components of body is
¥ÉÉÀhÉ OÉÆvÉä
Balakhilya Prana.
´É¹¨ÉÇ - ´É޹ɠ|ÉVÉxÉ ºÉɨÉvªÉæ
3) Vrushakapi Prana – the prana that makes the
´É¹ÉÇÊiÉ - Ê´ÉÊ´ÉvÉ䦪É: »ÉÉäiÉÉäʦÉÊkɺlÉ OÉxvªÉÉÊnù¦ªÉ:
development of hair, skin, muscle, bone and
marrow and formation is called as Vrushakapi
iÉkÉnÂù ={ɪÉÉäMÉɽþÉÇxÉ »ÉÉ´ÉÉxÉ {ÉÊ®ú»É´ÉÊiÉ iÉnÖùuùÉ®úÉ
Prana.
SÉ ªÉvÉɪÉvÉÆ º´ÉÆ ÊxÉ´ÉǽþiÉÒÊiÉ ´É¹¨ÉÇ:
4) Evayaamarut Prana – the prana which makes
+ÆMɨÉ - +ÆMɪÉÊiÉ - SÉä¹]õªÉÊiÉ <ÊiÉ +ÆMɨÉÂ
the consistency in the body for integration of
(ºÉEò±É ¶É®úÒ®ú¨ÉÊ{É) ºÉEò±É¨ÉÊ{É ¶É®úÒ®Æú +ÆMÉÆ
tissues and retains in the womb for the requisite
=SªiÉä iÉi{ÉÖxÉ: ¹Éb÷MɨÉ - ´ÉÉM¦É]õ -<ÆnÖù
schedule till to the time of delivery is “Evayaamarut
Prana”. Ref: Aitareya Brahmana, Gopatha Brahmana
Moorti – from the soft and liquidly semen and ovum (Sukra & Sonita), the hard body is
developed / derived through the process “Paka / Paripakwata” (transformation?) is called
as Moorti. It is further said that the cold and heat are responsible for the transformation of
soft to hard and formation of the body.
Tanu and Tanoo – The body attains the inheritance of the parental qualities, thus it is Tanu.
When a body is capable of producing another similar body (offspring) it is defined as Tanu.
Tanu word is in terms of spreading.
Varshma – is capacity of reproduction. The word “Varshati” refer to the body with many
(Srotas) tubular structures with (Srava /Asravi Grandhi) glands secretion and non-secreting,
nourishes and activates the normal regulative performance of tissues (Dhatu) to produce
offspring is Varshma.
Comment: Here the Dhatu means the Sukra (semen) which is capable of producing
offspring. The secretions may refer to the prostate, etc, and non-secreting for testis.
Angam – means that has motility/ movement/ physical activity. All the body is called as
Angam. Vagbhata refer body as Shadangam (six body components).
5. Kaya
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{ÉÖ®ú¨É - +OÉMɨÉxÉä {É®úÊiÉ {ÉÖ®Æú ¶ÉäiÉä {ÉÖ®ú¶ÉÉʪÉxÉ: Puram – Atma leads the physical body and makes
Ê{Éhb÷¨É - ºÉƽþiÉä PÉxÉä SÉ Ê{Éhb÷¨É the activity in it. All the body activities are under the
IÉäjɨÉ - IÉäjÉʨÉÊiÉ +ÆiÉ:Eò®úhɨÉ supervision of the Atma attains motion/ motility/
näù½þ¨É - Ênù½þ ´ÉnÇùxÉä - Ênù½þ ={ÉSɪÉä - momentum and the cause of growth.
¶É¤nùºiÉÉä¨É¨É½þÉÊxÉÊvÉ Pindam – is defined as that which is hard and
compacted.
ÊnùÁiÉä - ={ÉSɪÉiÉä +ɽþÉ®úMÉÖhÉÉÊnùʦÉ:, <ÊiÉ näù½þ:
Comment: Anda – Pinda – Brahmanda: Anda refer to
näùÎMVÉ |ÉÊiÉIÉhÉÆ ={ÉSɪÉiÉä ¦ÉÖHò®úxÉäxÉäÊiÉ näù½þ: dormant/latent state of development, Pinda is
näù½þÉäÁɽþÉ®úºÉƦɴÉ: amalgamation/amalgamation phase, Brahmanda is active
¶É®úÒ®ú¨ÉÂ- ¶ÉÞ - ˽þºÉxÉä - ¶ÉÒªÉÇiÉä%xÉäxÉäÊiÉ ¶É®úÒ®ú¨É and outer ever extending/ expanding component
¶É®úÒ®ú¨É - ¶ÉÞ - <®úhÉ |ÉÊiÉIÉhÉÆ IÉҪɨÉÉhÉi´ÉÉiÉ constitutions supplied to form Anda and Pinda. The
- ¶ÉÒªÉÇiÉä |ÉÊiÉIÉhÉÆ º´ÉvÉÉi´ÉÎMxÉʦÉ: ÊxÉnÇùMnù phases are understood as Anda = Semen/Ovum, Pinda=
vÉÉiÉÖEò ºÉiÉ ¦É´ÉiÉÒÊiÉ ¶É®úÒ®ú¨É foetus, Brahmanda = exposure to the external world
vÉÉiÉ´ÉÉä ʽþ vÉÉi´ÉɽþÉ®úÉ: |ÉEÞòÊiɨÉxÉÖ´ÉiÉÇxiÉä - SÉ.ºÉÚ.28/3 through delivery
iÉÒIhÉä¨ÉÆnåùvÉxÉÉä vÉÉiÉÚxÉ ʴÉxÉɶɪÉÊiÉ {ÉÉ´ÉEò:
Kshetram – means Antahkaranam = inner self.
½äþiÉÖºÉɨªÉÉiÉ ºÉ¨ÉɺiÉä¹ÉÉÆ º´É¦ÉÉ´ÉÉä{É®ú¨É: ºÉnùÉ -
Naistiki Chikitsa is the modality of management for
(º´É¦ÉÉ´ÉÉiÉ ʴÉxÉɶÉEòÉ®úhÉ ÊxÉ®ú{ÉäIÉÉnÖù{É®ú¨ÉÉä
Antahkaranam.
Ê´ÉxÉɶÉ: º´É¦ÉÉ´ÉÉä {É®ú¨É: - SÉGò{ÉÉÊhÉ)SÉ.ºÉÚ. 16/27
Deha: The body requires continuous nourishment
¶É®úÒ®Æú ¶ÉÞhÉÉiÉä: ¶É¨xÉÉiÉä´ÉÉÇ - xÉèPÉÆ]ÖõEòÉÆb÷
through food qualities for the healthy long living, as
¶É®úÒ®úʨÉÊiÉ Eòº¨ÉÉiÉ +MxɪÉÉäÁjÉ ¸ÉªÉxiÉä
it receives such nourishment for the development
YÉÉxÉÉÎMxÉnÇù¶ÉÇxÉÉÎMxÉ: - EòÉä¹]õÉÎMxÉÊ®úÊiÉ - iÉjÉ of the body (anabolic process) it is
EòÉä¹]õÉÎMxÉxÉÉǨÉÉʶÉiÉ{ÉÒiɱÉäÁSÉÉ乪ÉÆ {ÉSÉÊiÉ - said as Deham. It receives
continuous feeding at every
nù¶ÉÇxÉÉÎMxÉ°ü{ÉÉhÉÉÆ nù¶ÉÇxÉÆ Eò®úÉäÊiÉ - YÉÉxÉÉÎMxÉ:
moment and is possible only
¶ÉÖ¦ÉɶÉÖ¦ÉÆ SÉ Eò¨ÉÇ Eò®úÉäÊiÉ - MɦÉÉæ{ÉÊxɹÉiÉÂ
because of food.
Shareeram – Shareeram – the word Shareeram is used much in Ayurveda. Every moment
undergoes the combustion and perishes either by Jatharagni or Pancha maha bhutagni and
Dhatwagnis. Because in general normal conditions the Dhatu is the food for the Dhatu
development (Cha.Su.28/3). Thus the Dhatu are subjected for the depreciation and perish.
The perishing Dhatu is natural process because of the “Swabhava parama vada” (Cha.su.16/
27 Chakrapani). This destruction of Dhatu happens always because of the daily routines
undertaken or kala parinama (time bound progression).
Sheeryate – root is from “Shru” or “Sham” (by Yaska in Naighantukanda) with the meanings
of “Himsa” i.e. undergoes destruction (katabolic process) or perishes always.
As it is seen from the root of “Shree” it means development and defines as in situ/ depended
even. There are three Agni viz. Jnanagni, Darshanagni and Kostagni. Out of them the Kostagni
digests the 4 varieties of food ingested, Darshanagni (Alochakapitta) keeps up the visualization
function and Jnanagni is responsible for the “Shubha” and “Ashubha” karma i.e. good and
bad deeds.