Singapore is at the leading edge of global smart city initiatives and is a good deal of the way along the path to truly transforming the “city nation” for the benefit of its citizens and the redefinition of its government. Everything is on the table for reinvention in Singapore from smart transportation to smart energy to smart buildings to how its citizens receive smarter healthcare.
But what is a “smart city”? A smart city uses technology to deliver services, uses technology to reduce costs for service providers and uses technology to allow citizens to improve the running of the city. With sensors planted measuring everything from traffic to street lights, Singapore has deep insights into the lessons in IoT deployment and delivery on a truly large scale.
On October 13th, 2016 at the Internet of Things Developer meetup, Sumeet Puri presented a social and technical perspective on the Singapore smart cities initiative from two viewpoints: his role as an architect of several Singapore Smart City projects and as a resident of Singapore living through the transformation of his surroundings. Sumeet will share stories about Singapore’s efforts, and give us insights into the technical decisions needed to make this a reality. Sumeet will talk about architecting for IoT at scale, lessons learned from the Singapore Smart City Initiatives and the response of the public to these changes.
3. 3
Why Smart Nation Now?
Urban
Density
By 2050 2/3 of
world’s population
will live in cities;
urban travel to triple
Aging
Population
By 2050 more than
2B people will be 60+,
with very high
healthcare needs
Energy
Requirements
By 2035 global
demand for energy
will rise by
up to 37%
Increasingly
Necessary
Affordable Sensors
Better Batteries
Better Networks
Real TimeBetter Messaging
and Integration
Big DataTechnically
Possible
8. 8
The Architecture Behind These ProjectsInfrastructure
Fog/ Gateway
Layer
Cloud/
Datacenter
Entry Layer
Cloud/
Datacenter
Core Layer
Functional
Capture
Analyze
Store
React
Predict
CICD&Device
Management
Security
Network
Fog Cloud Edge Core
Event Messaging Bus
Multi Protocol
Standards
Aggregation
Throttling
Connection
Scaling
Filtering &
Routing
Fan in -Burst
Handling
Persistence
Slow Consumer
Handling
Fanout –
Lambda Stream
Things & Apps
Fog
Computing
Legacy
Integration
Real Time
Analytics
GUIs and
Dashboards
Legacy
Gateways
Business Logic
& Integration
[Big] Data
Analytics
[Big] Data
Store
Digital River
Management
andMonitoring
10. 10
CONFIDENTIAL
Smart Cities: Bus Monitoring
REST/MQTT
Regulator’s
Dashboard
Commuter’s
Apps and
RIAs
Analytics DWH
ESB (if needed)
CEP
JMS
Legacy REST
Edge CoreFog
Legacy
Gateway
REST/MQTT
UseCase
o Collect real-time location, loading
information and more from
5,000 buses
o Optimize bus movement, fleet
management, avoid bunching,
forecast arrival time and more
Message Bus
11. 11
CONFIDENTIAL
Smart Cities: LTA Next Generation ERP
Routing
Server
Payments
Analytics
0 0 0
• MQTT Termination
• Request/reply for
firmware upgrades
• Push Notifications
• Persistent Messaging
• Burst Handling
• High Throughput
• Fanout
• Slow Consumer Handling
MQTT
JMS
Edge CoreFog
UseCase
o Connect 1.5M vehicles (200K at a
time) in real time for pay per use
road tolls
o Suggest better routes, traffic
management – real time and
long term and value added
services/analytics
MHI
OBU
Message Bus
Message Bus
15. 15
CONFIDENTIAL
Smart Cities: Building/Asset Monitoring
Preventive Maintenance
o Collect information from building sensors –
Preventive Maintenance and Optimization
o Lift Open/Close, Lighting, Water, Electricity etc
o Limited block pilot, to scale to all blocks
Modern Sensors
Aggregator – Collect
data from legacy
sensors at
Residential
Blocks.
Building Block
REST/MQTT
ESB
Core Business
Logic
(Event Driven)
Scheduling
ERP
Big Data
Store and
Analytics
Edge CoreFog
UseCase
o Getting real time/batch data
from Housing buildings, such as
lift data, pipelines, electricals etc.
o For security and preventive
maintenance
Message Bus
16. 16
Smart Healthcare – SHINE Seniors
SMART HOMES AND INTELLIGENT NEIGHBOURS TO ENABLE SENIORS
o Citizens above 65 to grow from 440K to 900K by
2030
o Elderly living alone will increase from 35K to 83K
o Motion, Temperature, Noise, Air Quality, Humidity
sensors
o Panic Buttons installed
o Inactivity Alert caregivers
18. 18
And who is the winner Active Challenge winner?
Really???
19. 19
CONFIDENTIAL
G2B2G
DMZ
GovTech Digital River
Big “Data Lake”
Repository &
Real-Time
Analytics
Cross Agency Message Bus
EnergyTransport Home Affairs Environment
Domain Service Bus
GovTech
• Kiosks
• Apps
• Telephone
Dedicated
Networks
Central Services
Integration
Services
Data
GovernanceOrchestration
GovTech Digital River
DR
Building
Public
Cloud
Private
Cloud
GovTech
20. 20
Network
GovTech Digital River
Industry
Participation
Weaving Smart Projects into a Smart City/Smart Nation
o Typically a few pillars
drive the initiatives
o They provide core ecosystem
o Individual projects leverage that
and get integrated
o Standards and Access Control key
GovTech
PMO
Finance
Ministry
22. 22
Imagine the possibilities
CBD AMA Woodlands
CBD Plant
CBD
HQ RC
HQ Water
SPF
PUB
LTA
HDB
NEA
http://host:port/onesvc/road/cbd/user123
23. 23
CONFIDENTIAL
Looking Ahead - Fix my *everything*
Routing by Jurisdiction and Event Type
Location is
determined by
phone
User optionally
selects event type
Solace Messaging
onesvc/assault/cbd/>
onesvc/fire/amk/>
onesvc/fire/cbd/>
onesvc/fire/cbd/>
AndMoKioCBD
Topic: >
MHAHQ
Topic:
onesvc/>
GovTech
Message Bus
http://host:port/onesvc/assault/cbd/user123
24. 24
CONFIDENTIAL
Real Time Streaming Analytics
Stream Event Processing – Riot Backdrop
If <location> within <radius>
And time within <duration>
And events count > <count>
And event types in (Fire,
Traffic, Vandalism,
Assault)
Result RIOT
Action
Mobilize RIOT Police
Solace Messaging
Streaming Analytics
Burst
Topic: Fire Topic: Vandal
Topic: Riot
Message Bus
Singapore is a small city nation if 5.3M people, sandwiched between Malaysia and Indonesia.
It’s often referred to as the Little Red Dot, as that is how it looks like on the Map. It is also called the Lion City.
Some interesting facts about Singapore – Innovation in Singapore:
Thumb drive
Creative
PMs Bio
Explain urban density and what Singapore has been doing about it
Explain urban density. Explain the innovations Singapore has taken over the years for smart transport, such as ERP.
Explain ERP2, explain bus monitoring, advanced analytics from a citizen perspective
Talk about Data River – Messaging and Networking
Talk about Data Lake.
Solace dives deep into the enterprise, connects all the applications in real-time and allows that data to be selectively streamed into a big data lake of choice.
Solace is the Data River for the Data Lake…..Perhaps a picture of River and Lake…
(A) Discrete events (1) requiring order from many sources (2) record by record processing Streams
(B) Capture data in datalake S3 and deposit and then enable broader analytics batch processing (EoD, etc) firehose
Key KPIs Security and operational excellence
Each bus has about 30 sensors, and generates various kinds events, such as door open/close, location, loading, environment information.
The bus has a bus wide Wifi across which all sensors talk to a linux server called. This server has 4g connectivity to Solace, where the bus sends the information collected from various sensors by topic (REST URLs) to Solace.
Solace routes this information to backend servers, which do real time analytics. Examples are solving problems like Bus Bunching (https://publictransportsg.wordpress.com/2013/05/28/bus-bunching/). Driver monitoring, jam prevention etc. are determined by the analytics systems - data visualisation, as well as CEP systems
In production 2020….
LTA is now rolling out the next generation ERP system. This will eventually replace the current road toll system.
Each vehicle in Singapore (1.5M in total) will be fitted with a smartphone like device from MHI.
This device will be communicating with Solace, and send relevant information in real time.
A lambda architecture will be implemented in the core layer.
- The toll applications gets the real time location of vehicles and charges as per prevailing road prices.
- For street side parking, similarly, parking also becomes real time
- Traffic management applications will in real time manage congestion and suggest routes
- on the batch side, since all information could be captured, historical starts will below better road management, finding congestion areas, etc
- the possibilities are immense
http://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/transport/ncs-mhi-to-build-islandwide-satellite-based-erp-for-556m
Cabs in Singapore are relatively inexpensive. But a unique problem is that they wait outside to CBD to take a call, rather than be on the street. A call gives them 3$ extra, which creates artificial scarcity.
To regulate this, there are initiatives to first understand the problem and then address it. Next slide explains that
Taxi companies will publish information to the Cloud
Via Topic routing, and Topic to queue mapping, this information will be sent to the analytics systems in paralle to know where cabs are.
The same technology is useful for advanced analytics. But Data, Wifi Data, Mobile data etc are all used to create a real time view of any instant. In case of a breakdown, emergency services can use this, and see the impact, for example, if they introduce a bus on a street next to the station, what would be the impact on the traffic flow, vs introducing the bus on a perpendicular street
HDB Picture
100% of the blocks on fibre
85% of all residences on fibre
Pictures
Mosquitos puddles
Lift safety
Roof access
In Singapore, the number of citizens aged 65 and above is expected to increase rapidly from 440,000 in 2015 to around 900,000 in 2030. In tandem with the increasing ageing population, there is a worrying upward trend of elderly who are staying alone. The Department of Statistics (DOS) in Singapore has estimated that the number of elderly living alone will increase from 35,000 in 2012 to 83,000 in 2030; these numbers exclude the elderly who are left alone at home for most parts of the day when their family members are working.
Project SHINESeniors is a SMU-initiated effort to enable elderly Singaporeans to age-in-place, whereby the elderly can stay within the comfort of their homes and familiarity of their neighborhoods, and with minimal disruptions to their lives and activities. Through multi-disciplinary Research and Development (R&D) efforts, spanning across both technology and social behavioral sciences, SHINESeniors aims to enhance community care to support sustainable ageing-in-place. This is achieved by providing sensor-enabled homes and personalized home care for senior Singaporeans.
With a sensor-enabled home, the physical environment (such as air quality, noise level, temperature and humidity) and daily living patterns of the elderly (such as his/her mobility patterns at home, medication adherence and sleep quality) can be monitored in an unobtrusive manner, without infringing the privacy and comfort of the elderly. Through sense-making and visualization of the real-time sensor data, anomalies in the living patterns of an elderly can be detected quickly. These unusual living patterns may include prolonged non-activity or prolonged dwell time in a particular area in the home, and thus requires prompt response by the respective caregivers.
By observing and analyzing each elderly’s living patterns over time, changes in an elderly’s well-being can also be detected before the elderly’s condition deteriorates. Community caregivers can then be activated to provide personalized care and intervention, in a timely manner - especially in emergency situations such as falls or calls for help.
Video analytics are in action. With cameras and connectivity cheap, video analytics become possible. A ton of traffic light cameras have come up. And I have been warned.
ActiveSG is government’s initiative to encourage people into an active lifestyle. 100$ given to everyone, to be used at sports facilities. Easy booking with an app.
A wider community will be mobilised to co-innovate solutions to tackle urban challenges in Smart Nation Tech Challenges. The first of these challenges will be on video analytics, and how audiovisual data can be used in public safety (such as alerting stakeholders of unusual crowd activity), resource utilisation (such as assessing cleanliness levels to assist deploying of transportation and manpower) and situational awareness (such as examining vehicle speed and direction to provide better understanding of traffic conditions).
Beeline picture
Data.gov picture – 22K public records
Talk about how the overall digital river + data lake way of architecting things can lead to many benefits:
Capture and route
Is the Otis lift more stable or is the Schindler lift
Which contractor made better roads
Which contractor is more efficient in repairs? Tracking issue redressal time, in real time
Which estate has more incidents than others