1. Introduction to
Transformations
Transformations in computer graphics are operations that change the
position, size, or orientation of objects. They are essential for creating
animations and visual effects.
2. Translation
• Translation is the process of moving objects from one position to
another in a straight line without rotating or scaling them. It involves
shifting every point of the object by a certain distance in a specified
direction.
3. Example of Translation
• For example, if we have a square at position (x, y) and we want to
move it to (x+dx, y+dy), where dx and dy are the distances to move in
the x and y directions respectively, we perform translation.
4. Rotation
• Rotation is the process of turning an object around a fixed point
called the center of rotation. It involves changing the angles of all
points of the object by the same amount.
5. Example of Rotation
• For example, if we have a line segment AB and we want to rotate it by
an angle ? around point A, we can calculate the new position of point
B using trigonometric functions.
6. Scaling
• Scaling is the process of resizing an object. It involves multiplying the
coordinates of all points of the object by a scaling factor to increase
or decrease its size.
7. Example of Scaling
• For example, if we have a circle with radius r and we want to double
its size, we multiply the radius by 2 to get the new radius 2r.
8. Combining Transformations
• Multiple transformations can be combined to achieve complex
effects. For example, we can translate an object, then rotate it, and
finally scale it.
9. Applications of Transformations
• Transformations are used extensively in computer graphics and
animation to create realistic movements, effects, and simulations.
They are fundamental for rendering 2D and 3D graphics.
10. Conclusion
• Understanding basic transformations and translations is essential for
anyone working in computer graphics and animation. They form the
building blocks for creating engaging visual experiences.