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- 2. But first….. Autotrophs Heterotrophs Make their own food • with light – phototrophs • with chemicals -- chemotrophs Can NOT make own food. They get their energy on the foods they eat.
- 3. 3 ATP • referred to as the “molecular unit of currency” of intracellular energy transfer • an organic compound that provides energy to drive many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, condensate dissolution, and chemical synthesis • breakage of one phosphate linkage (to form adenosine diphosphate (ADP) that provides energy for physiological processes such as muscular contraction • JOB: store and releases energy ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE ADENINE+RIBOSE+3 PHOSPHATES
- 4. WHY ATP? • Phosphates have a large amount of chemical energy. Whenever a bond of phosphate is broken, a large amount of usable cellular energy is released.
- 5. Introduction ATP CYCLE • Occurs continuously in cells • About 10 million new ATP molecules are made in every cell every second.
- 6. ADP ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE ADENINE+RIBOSE+2 PHOSPHATES • an important organic compound in metabolism and is essential to the flow of energy in living cells. ATP contains one more phosphate group than does ADP
- 7. IMPORTANCE OF ATP-ADP CYCLE • Provides energy for cellular activity • When energy is necessary, the third phosphate group breaks off from ATP. This forms ADP and releases energy. • creates the mechanism by which cells can create their own ATP and use it as energy
- 9. Transformation of Energy – Energy is the ability to do work. – Thermodynamics is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe. Laws of Thermodynamics – First law - Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed. – Second law - Energy cannot be converted without the loss of usable energy.
- 10. 10 Transformation of Energy – Energy is the ability to do work. – Thermodynamics is the study of the flow and transformation of energy in the universe. Laws of Thermodynamics – First law - Energy can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created nor destroyed. – Second law - Energy cannot be converted without the loss of usable energy.
- 11. • Carbohydrates – most commonly broken down to make ATP. – not stored in large amounts – up to 36 ATP from one glucose molecule • Lipids – store the most energy. – 80% of energy in your body – About 146 ATP from a triglyceride • Proteins – least likely to be broken down to make ATP. – amino acids not usually needed for energy – about the same amount of energy as a carb.
- 12. ATP-ADP CYCLE
- 13. • SHEIKHA FATIMA DOMINGO TRISTAN CYRUS PASCUA CHRISTIAN PAUL EDU MEMBERS: