Medicinal plants - For BAMS students
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Arjuna, Ahiphena and Ardraka
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Medicinal plants - For BAMS students
- 1. Apamarga- Aragwadha – Ardraka For BAMS students
- 2. Apamarga • Achyranthes aspera • Amaranthaceae • Synonyms- Kapipippali,Prathyakpushpi, Mayuraka , Sikhari, Kinihi Classical categorisation Charaka – Shirovirechanopaga, krimighna, vamanopaga • Susrutha- Arkadi • Vagbhata- Arkadi
- 3. Varieties • All nighantus Shwetha and Rakta Kayyadeva-Apamarga, Vasira and Ramatha varieties
- 4. Morphology • An erect much branched diffuse shrub with quadrangular striate pubescent branches thickened just above the nodes . • Leaves are simple, opposite, exstipulate , velvety tomentose , orbicular, ovate or elliptic. • Flowers bracteate or bracteolate , greenish in slender spikes ,45cms long . • Fruits- Easily disarticulating urticle • Seeds – Single, inverse
- 6. • Part used – Root, seed, leaf, whole plant . • Chemical constituents – Betaine, Achyranthine, Hentriacontane , Ecdysterone • Guna karma vijnana
- 7. Guna karma vijnana • Rasa – Katu, tikta • Guna- Laghu, rooksha, theekshna • Veerya- Ushna • Vipaka – Katu • Write DK, BK and RK- Yourself • Dosage – Fresh juice – 10-20 ml • Kshara – 0.5- 2 GMS • Yogas – Apamarga kshara taila
- 8. Ardraka/ Shunthi Zingiber officinale Zingiberaceae Synonyms- Nagara , Shringavera, Vishwa, Vishwabheshaja , Katubhadra , Mahaushadha Classical categorisation Charaka – Thripthighna , Arshoghna, Dipaniya, Sula prashamana, thrishna nigraha Susrutha- Pippalyadi, Trikatu Vagbhata - Pippalyadi
- 9. Morphology • An erect perennial herb with aromatic rhizome • Stem- Erect, leafy, 15-150cms tall • Leaves- Subsessile, linear lanceolate , acuminate, glabrous • Flowers- Shoot up to 12 cms long , clothed with sheaths , light green bracts and corolla tube light yellow with orbicular lip , dull purple with creamy blotches
- 11. • Part used – Rhizome • Chemical constituents – Alpha curcumene , beta curcumene , d- borneal, citral, d- camphene , zingerone,zingiberol, gingerol etc Gunakarmavijnana
- 12. Ardraka – Prayoga and contraindications
- 13. Gunakarma vijnana • Rasa- Katu • Guna- Laghu, snigdha • Veerya- Ushna • Vipaka – Madhura • DK, BK, RK- Write yourself based on evidence
- 14. Ardraka/ Nagara • Dosage • Fresh juice – 5-10ml • Powder- 1-2 gms • Yogas- Ardraka rasayana , Nagaradi kashaya , Ardraka ghritha , Soubhagya shunthi
- 15. Arjuna • Terminalia arjuna • Combretaceae • Synonyms – Indradru , Kakubha, Viravriksha , Nadisarja etc Classical categorisation • Charaka – Udarda prashamana , Kashaya skandha • Susrutha – Nyagrodhadi, Saalasaradi • Vagbhata- Viratarvadi, Nyagrodhadi gana, Asanadi gana
- 16. Varieties • Arjuna- Terminalia arjuna (white) • Kakubha – Terminalia tomentosa ( black) Morphology • A large tree with dark bark with buttressed trunk and spreading crown with droo[ping branches • Bark flakes off in large flat pieces • Leaves- Simple, opposite, oblong or elliuptic , coriaceous, pale dull green above , pale brown beneath, often unequal sided
- 17. Morphology • Nerves – 10-15 pairs , reticulate • Flowers – White in panicles of spikes with linear bracteoles • Fruits- Ovoid or oblong with 5-7 short hard angles or wings , the lines on wings are oblique and curving upwards.
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- 19. Guna karma • Useful part – Stem bark • Chemical constituents – Arachidic stearate, Cerasidin , Arjunic acid, Arjunetin, Arjunolone , Tannins Gunakarmavijnana “ Kakubha: Sheethalo hridya: kshathakshaya vishaasrajit Medomeha vranaan hanthi tuvara: kaphapittahrit” ( BP)
- 20. Guna karma vijnana • Rasa – Kashaya • Guna- Laghu, Ruksha • Virya- Sheeta • Vipaka – Katu • DK, BK and RK – Write yourself from evidence
- 21. • Powder – Dosage 3-6gms • Decoction – 50-100 ml • Important preparations – Arjunaarishta, Arjuna ghritha