M.....

1. PRESENTED BY:
MRS. POOJA SINGH
M.SC (N) Ist YEAR
ROLL NO.-4

2. INTRODUCTION
Childbirth is one of the
most marvellous and
memorable segment in
a woman's life. It does
not really matter if the
child is the first, second
or the third one.

3. DEFINITION
 “Series of events take
place in the genital
organs in an effort to
expel the viable products
of conception out of the
womb through the
vagina into the outer
world is called Labour.”

4. DELIVERY
It is expulsion of a viable
fetus out of the womb. It
is synonymous with
labour; delivery can take
place without labour as
in elective caesarean
section.

5. NORMAL LABOUR
Labour is called normal if it fulfills the following criteria:
Spontaneous in onset and at term
With vertex presentation
Without undue prolongation
Natural termination with minimal aids
Without having any complications affecting the health
of mother and baby

6. Date of onset of labour

7. CAUSES OF LABOUR

8. cont….
Fetoplacental contribution
Estrogen
Progesterone
prostaglandin

9. STAGES OF LABOUR

10. STAGES OF LABOUR

11. SECOND STAGE

12. THIRD STAGE

13. FOURTH STAGE

14. MANAGEMENT OF NORMAL
LABOUR
 Antiseptic technique  Vaginal examination

15. CONT…
PRELIMINARIES:
 Toileting
 Sterile pair of gloves is donned.
 Vulval toileting is performed.
 Gloved middle and (index fingers of the right
hand)

16. MANAGEMENT OF 1st STAGES OF
LABOUR
ACTUAL MANAGEMENT:
 General
 Bowel
 Rest and ambulation
 Diet

17. Cont…
 Bladder care
 Relief of pain
 Assessment of progress of labor and
Partograph recording
 Abdominal palpation
 To watch the maternal condition

18. MANAGEMENT OF 2nd
STAGE
-Preparation
-Observation
-Conduct of delivery

19. 1. PREPARATION
 Maternal position

20. Cont….
 PERINEAL CLEANSING

21. 2. OBSERVATION
 Maternal conditions
 Fetal conditions
 Uterine contractions
 The progress of descent

22. 3. CONDUCTING THE DELIVERY
 DELIVERY OF THE HEAD

23. 4.Delivery of the anterior shoulder

24. 5.DELIVERY OF POSTERIOR SHOULDER

25. 6. DELIVERY OF THE TRUNK
 After the delivery of the shoulders the baby is grasped
around the chest to aid the birth of the trunk.

26. FIRST BODY CONTACT OF MOTHER
AND BABY AND CORD CLAMPING

27. CLAMING AND CUTTING THE
UMBILICAL CORD

28. IMMEDIATE CARE OF THE NEW
BORN

29. MANAGEMENT OF 3rd STAGE
 Two methods of management are currently in practice:
1. EXPECTENT MANAGEMENT
2. ACTIVE MANAGEMENT

30. CONTROL CORD TRACTION

31. MANAGEMENT 4th stage of labour
 Observation
 Check the condition

32. SUMMARIZATION

33. RECAPTULIZATION