2. HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN
In the past, interiors were put together instinctively as a
part of the process of building.The profession of interior
design has been a consequence of the development of
society and the complex architecture that has resulted from
the development of industrial processes. The pursuit of
effective use of space, user well-being and functional design
has contributed to the development of the contemporary
interior design profession.
In ancient India, architects used to work as interior
designers. This can be seen from the references of
Vishwakarma the architect - one of the gods in Indian
mythology. Additionally, the sculptures depicting ancient
texts and events are seen in palaces built in 17th century
India
4. 7 TYPES OF ELEMENTS OF DESIGN
Point
Line
Space
Colour
Texture
Pattern
Value
5. •POINT
Upon entering any space, there are areas of
immediate interest
that the science of interior design recognizes as
focal points. Focal points
include anything that immediately, and often
unconsciously, captures the
viewer's attention and is interesting enough to
make them want to look further.
7. LINES
“A dot that moves” or “continuous mark”
Describes a shape or outline.
It can be: straight, curved, vertical, horizontal,
jagged, or dotted
Different types of lines have different
effects on design.
8. LINES
Long and narrow
Connects two points
Leads the eye from
one point to another curved
horizontal
v
e
r
t
i
c
a
l
diagonal
9. •VERTICAL LINE
Lends dignity and formality
Creates feelings of aspiration and ascension
Vertical lines lead the eye up, adding height,
formality, and strength to a design.
Can be seen in:
Tall furniture
Columns
Pillars
Striped wallpaper
Long narrow draperies
10. Vertical lines can make rooms seem more
spacious than they actually are and ceilings
appear higher.
11. •HORIZONTAL LINES
Horizontal lines lead the eye to the left or right,
suggesting informality and restfulness
Can be seen in:
Long, low roofs
Long, low furniture pieces such as sofas and
chests
15. •CURVED LINES
Too many curved lines create a busy look
Can be seen in:
Doorway arches
Ruffled curtains
Curved furniture
Rounded accessories
16. CURVED LINE
Upward – lifts and inspires
Horizontal – relaxed, denotes gentleness and
femininity
Downward – sadness and seriousness
Small - playful
17. SPACE
The three dimensional expanse that a designer is
working with
18. The first element of space refers to the
actual building or room that the interior
designer can work with. This is the basic
structure of the room or building including
the walls, floors, ceiling, doors and windows
as well as the beams and columns that
support the structure.
Too little space can create a
feeling of being exposed.
20. TO HELP A SMALL AREA FEEL SPACIOUS
Allow for large open areas and empty space
Use mirrors
Use small prints, patterns, and textures
Use light, cool colors
21. •COLOR
Reflected light
Most important element
Creates the most impact
We’ll cover this in depth later
in the semester!
23. COLOR.
Hue is the name of a color.
Red, green and blue-violet are examples of
hues.
A color may be lightened or darkened,
brightened or dulled, but the hue will remain
the same.
24. COLOR
Color schemes look best when one color dominates.
Dominate color should cover about two-thirds of the
room area.
An equal split between areas of dominate and
subordinate color is far less pleasing
26. •TEXTURE
Texture is a
surface’s
tactile
quality.
Tactile refers
to the
perception of
touch.
27. TEXTURE
The surface quality of an object or item
Tactile
How the object feels to the touch
Can feel the variation in the surface
Visual
An illusion - how the object appears to feel
Applied using line, color, & shading
28. TEXTURE
The surface quality
A rock may be rough and jagged. A piece of silk may be soft
and smooth and your desk may feel hard and smooth. Texture
also refers to the way a picture is made to look rough or
smooth.
In design, texture appeals to sight as well as touch.
‘’Words used to describe textures’’
Ribbed
Crinkled
Rough
Smooth
29. TEXTURE - SMOOTH
Make colors appear lighter and brighter
Generally considered more formal
30. TEXTURE - ROUGH
Make color look darker and less intense
Generally less formal
32. PATTERN
Repetition of line, shape, form, texture and/or color
Reflects the mood of the elements used
Can be formal, informal, calm, playful.....
33. oVALUE
Refers to the light and dark areas of a picture.
Value creates depth within a picture making an
object look three dimensional (3D) with highlights
and cast shadows.
Refers to the light and dark areas of an art work
34. CATEGORIES OF VALUE
Tint is adding white to create lighter values such as
light blue or pink.
• Shade is adding black to create dark values such
as dark blue or dark red.
• Value Scale is a scale that shows the gradual
change in value from its lightest value, white to its
darkest value black.