The document discusses the Arduino open-source electronics prototyping platform. It describes what Arduino is, its programming environment, advantages, features, applications, and how it compares to other prototyping platforms. Arduino is an affordable and easy to use platform for creating interactive electronic projects through an open-source hardware board and software. It allows users to prototype sensors and control devices through code.
4. The Arduino is an …
single-board microcontroller, intended to make the application of interactive
objects or environments more accessible .
Designed to make the process of using electronics multidisciplinary projects
more accesible
5. Arduino can…
Sense the environment by receiving input from variety of sensors.
Affect its surroundings by controlling lights, motors, and other actuators.
6. Brief History of Arduino
In 2005, a project was initiated to make a device for controlling student-built interactive design
projects that was less expensive than other prototyping systems available at the time.
Founders Massimo Banzi and David Cuartielles named the project after Arduin of Ivrea and
began producing boards in a small factory located in Ivrea.
7. Programming Environment
The Arduino Uno can be programmed with the Arduino software IDE(integrated
development environment) .
The Atmega328 on the Arduino Uno comes preburned with a Bootloader that allows you
to upload new code to it without the use of an external hardware programmer.
You can also bypass the Bootloader and program the microcontroller through the ICSP
(In-Circuit Serial Programming) header.
Arduino IDE works on windows , linux as well as Mac lion X platforms.
9. Advantages of Aurdino
Open source
Simplified and user-friendly programming language
No additional programmer/burner hardware required for programming board
Portable
Low power consumption
10. The basic Arduino board
ATmega328P MCU
Reset button
Analog pins header
Digital pins header
Power-Ground header
Pin 13 LED
USB connector
Barrel jack
11. Features of Arduino UN0
Microcontroller ATmega328
Operating Voltage 5V and 3.3 V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limits) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 40 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328) of which 0.5 KB used by Bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
12. Most popular Arduino Boards
1. Arduino Uno
2. Arduino Leonardo
3. Arduino Mega
4. Arduino Due
5. Arduino Micro
6. Arduino LilyPad
7. Arduino Yun
13. Applications of Arduino
Home Automations
Sensor prototyping
Robotics
ISP programming
Easy Wifi ,Gsm ,Ethernet , Bluetooth , zigbee Conectivity
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15. Arduino vs other environments
Support for analog input
Limited Computing power
Comparatively cheap
No GPU unit
Limited memory
PWM output available
Open source
16. Final thoughts
Arduino is a cheap and versatile open source prototyping environment
It is basically designed for novice , non technical people
Programming language is simple
Arduino has a terrific community support and documentation
Technical people can use Arduino for testing sensors or other prototyping work
17. What is a Microcontroller
• A small computer on a single chip
• containing a processor, memory,
and input/output
• Typically "embedded" inside some
device that they control
• A microcontroller is often small and low
cost
18. What is a Development
Board
A printed circuit board designed to
facilitate work with a particular
microcontroller.
• Typical components include:
• power circuit
• programming interface
• basic input; usually buttons and
LEDs
• I/O pins
22. Getting Started
Check out: http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/HomePage
1. Download & install the Arduino environment (IDE)
2. Connect the board to your computer via the UBS cable
3. If needed, install the drivers (not needed in lab)
4. Launch the Arduino IDE
5. Select your board
6. Select your serial port
7. Open the blink example
8. Upload the program
28. Add an External LED to pin
13
• File > Examples > Digital > Blink
• LED’s have polarity
– Negative indicated by flat side of the housing
and a short leg
29. A Little Bit About
Programming
• Code is case sensitive
• Statements are commands
and must end with a semi-
colon
• Comments follow a // or
begin with /* and end with
*/
32. Digital I/0
pinMode(pin, mode)
Sets pin to either INPUT or OUTPUT
digitalRead(pin)
Reads HIGH or LOW from a pin
digitalWrite(pin, value)
Writes HIGH or LOW to a pin
Electronic stuff
Output pins can provide 40 mA of current
Writing HIGH to an input pin installs a 20KΩ pullup
33. Arduino Timing
• delay(ms)
– Pauses for a few milliseconds
• delayMicroseconds(us)
– Pauses for a few microseconds
36. Putting It Together
• Complete the sketch (program) below.
• What output will be generated by this
program?
• What if the schematic were changed?