بحث عن لوكوربيزيه- الفرقة الثالثة-هندسة المطرية 2016-2017

1. ‫اُؾلاصخ‬ ‫ػٔبهح‬
le corbusier
‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬
Team 10
1-َٓ‫ًح‬ َٓ‫ًح‬ ‫جعٔحء‬
2-‫ٓكٔذ‬ ‫ػقٔص‬ ‫جعٔحء‬
3-‫ُر٤د‬ ‫ٓكٔذ‬ ‫جٓ٤شز‬
4-‫س٣حك‬ َ٤‫ٗر‬ ١ٞ‫سم‬
5-‫جقٔذ‬ ٢‫ٓقيل‬ ‫ص٣٘د‬
6-١‫سٓض‬ ‫ٓذقص‬ ٖ٤‫ًشعط‬
7-١‫ٝؾذ‬ ‫ٓكٔذ‬ ْ٣‫ٓش‬
8-ٚ‫ى‬ ‫خحُذ‬ ١‫ٗذ‬
9-ٖ٤‫قغ‬ ٢ِ‫ػ‬ ١‫ٗذ‬
10-‫ٓكٔذ‬ ‫ٓكٔذ‬ ١‫ٗذ‬
11-ٖ٣‫جُذ‬ ‫ذذس‬ ٍ‫ؾٔح‬ ٕ‫ٗٞسج‬
12-٢‫ٓقيل‬ ‫ذذس‬ ٕ‫ٗٞسٛح‬
13-٢‫ٓقيل‬ ٖ٣‫جُذ‬ ّ‫قغح‬ ٕ‫ٗٞسٛح‬
•‫أُغٔٞػخ‬ ‫أٍبء‬:

2. •ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٙ‫ٗجن‬:
-ٍْ‫اال‬:ٚ٣‫ؾحٗ٤ش‬ ‫ئدٝجس‬ ٍ‫ؽحس‬-١‫ًش‬
-‫أُ٤الك‬:6‫جًطٞذش‬1887‫عٞ٣غشج‬ ٢‫ك‬ َ‫ٗ٤ٞؽحض‬ ٕٞ‫ك‬ ١‫٫ؽٞد‬.
-‫اُٞكبح‬:6‫جؿغيظ‬1965‫ػٔش‬ ٖ‫ػ‬(77‫ع٘س‬.)
-١‫عٞ٣غش‬ ١‫ٓؼٔحس‬/‫جُكذجغس‬ ‫ػٔحسز‬ ‫سٝجد‬ ‫ٝأقذ‬ ٢‫كشٗغ‬‫جُذُٝ٤س‬ ٚ‫ذحٗؿضجض‬ ‫جؽطٜش‬ ٖ٣‫جُؼؾش‬ ٕ‫جُوش‬ ٢‫ك‬
-ٕ‫ّح‬ٌ‫ُغ‬ َ‫أكن‬ ‫ٓؼ٤ؾ٤س‬ ‫ظشٝف‬ ‫ُطضٝ٣ذ‬ ٚ‫ٗلغ‬ ‫ّط‬‫ش‬ً ‫ٝهذ‬ ‫جُكذ٣ع‬ ْ٤ٔ‫ُِطق‬ ‫جُ٘ظش٣س‬ ‫جُذسجعحش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ً‫ج‬‫سجتذ‬ ٕ‫ًح‬
‫جُٔضدقٔس‬ ٕ‫جُٔذ‬.
•‫اُشقص٤خ‬ ‫اُؾ٤بح‬:
-‫أًطٞذش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٣‫ؾحٗ٤ش‬ ‫ئدٝجس‬ ٍ‫ؽحس‬ ‫ُٝذ‬1887‫عٞ٣غشج‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٕٞ‫ك‬ ١‫د‬ ٞ‫ؽ‬ ٫ ‫ٓذ٣٘س‬ ٢‫ك‬ ،.
-‫كٞٗذ‬ ٝ‫د‬ ‫٫ؽٞص‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝجُكشف‬ ٕٞ٘‫جُل‬ ‫ذٔذسعس‬ ‫ُ٤ِطكن‬ ‫ػؾش‬ ‫جُػحُػس‬ ‫ػٔش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ‫ٓذسعط‬ ٍ‫ؽحس‬ ‫ؿحدس‬،‫ذغٞ٣غشج‬
ٙ‫ذأعطحر‬ ‫ًر٤ش‬ ‫قذ‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ٝضأغش‬ٚ٤٤ٗٞ‫ُٞذ٬ض‬ ‫ضؾحسُض‬‫جُؼٔحسز‬ ٖ‫ٝذل‬ ْ‫ذحُشع‬ ‫ٜٓطٔح‬ ٕ‫ًح‬ ١‫جُز‬.
-‫جُؿذ٣ذ‬ ٚٔ‫ئع‬ ٠٘‫ضر‬ ‫ُٝوذ‬"ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬"٠ُ‫ئ‬ ُٚ‫ئٗطوح‬ ‫ذؼذ‬‫ذحس٣ظ‬ّ‫ػح‬ ٢‫ك‬1917‫أؾذج‬ ‫٧قذ‬ ‫٣ؼٞد‬ ْ‫جع‬ ٞٛٝ ،
ٙ‫د‬.
•‫أُٜ٘٤خ‬ ‫اَُ٤وح‬:
-٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓخطِلس‬ ‫ٓ٘حىن‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫عحكش‬ ْ‫غ‬ ،‫ع٘ٞجش‬ ‫ػذز‬ ٖ‫جُل‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذض‬ ‫ّخ‬‫س‬‫ضذ‬‫أُٔحٗ٤ح‬.٢‫ك‬ ‫دسط‬‫٣ذ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ذحس٣ظ‬ٕ‫ُِٔذ‬ ‫ٝجُل٘٤س‬ ‫جُػوحك٤س‬ ‫جُك٤حز‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝجٗـٔظ‬ ،ٚ٣‫ذ٤ش‬ ‫أٝؿغص‬.٢‫ك‬ ‫ضؼحٝٗح‬ ‫ٝهذ‬
ٖ‫ػ‬ ٚ‫ٓؼِٞٓحض‬ ‫هحػذز‬ ‫ضٞع٤غ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٣‫ذ٤ش‬ ٙ‫عحػذ‬ ‫ًٔح‬ ،‫جُٔغِكس‬ ‫جُخشعحٗس‬ ٍ‫ٓؿح‬‫جُؿذ٣ذز‬ ‫جٌُ٬ع٤ٌ٤س‬ ‫جُؼٔحسز‬.
-‫جُٔخطِلس‬ ٕٞ٘‫جُل‬ ‫ذطأُ٤ق‬ ً‫ج‬‫قحد‬ ً‫ح‬ٓ‫جٛطٔح‬ ‫جُلطشز‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ‫أغ٘حء‬ ٚ٣‫ُذ‬ ٕ‫ًح‬.
-٢‫ك‬ ٖ٤ِٓ‫جُؼح‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ْٛ‫ذأ‬ ‫جُٔرحؽش‬ ًٚ‫ذحقطٌح‬ ٢‫جُق٘حػ‬ ْ٤ٔ‫جُطق‬ ٍ‫ٓؿح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ج٧ُٔحٗ٤س‬ ‫ج٩ٗؿحصجش‬ ْٛ‫أ‬ ‫جعط٤ؼحخ‬ ٖٓ ٚ٤٣‫ًٞسذٞص‬ ُٞ ٌٖٔ‫ض‬ ‫ًٔح‬ُ‫ر‬ٍ٬‫خ‬ ٖٓ ‫آٗزجى‬ ‫أُٔحٗ٤ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٍ‫جُٔؿح‬ ‫ي‬
‫ٌٓطد‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٙ‫ضٞجؾذ‬‫ذ٤شٗض‬ ‫ذ٤طش‬‫ؽح‬ ٞ٤ٗ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝجُكشف‬ ٕٞ٘‫جُل‬ ‫ٓذسعس‬ ،ٚ‫ٓذسعط‬ ٖٓ ْ‫ذذػ‬ ‫ج٧ُٔحٗ٤س‬ ‫جُطير٤و٤س‬ ٕٞ٘‫جُل‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ضوش٣ش‬ ‫ئػذجد‬ ‫ُـشك‬ ‫أُٔحٗ٤ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫أٓنحٛح‬ ‫ؽٜٞس‬ ‫خٔغس‬ ‫ُٔذز‬َ‫ض‬٣ٞ‫ذغ‬
‫عشج‬.
ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ١‫أُؼٔبه‬

3. •ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ‫رؽٞه‬ َ‫ٓواؽ‬:
-‫فٜٔٔح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ‫ضٔطحص‬"ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬"ٍ‫ج٧ؽٌح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫جُٔؼطٔذز‬ ‫جُقحك٤س‬ ‫ُِٜ٘ذعس‬ ‫ٝجمف‬ ‫ذكنٞس‬ ٖ٤‫جُكشذ‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ‫ٓح‬ ‫كطشز‬ ٢‫ك‬
‫ج٧عحع٤س‬‫ٓشز‬ ‫ًطد‬ ‫ٝهذ‬ ،‫ٝج٧عيٞجٗس‬ ‫ج٧م٬ع‬ ١‫ٝٓطٞجص‬ ،‫ًحٌُٔؼد‬"ّ‫جعطخذج‬ ‫ػرش‬ ‫كوو‬ ‫قِٜح‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ٟ‫جٌُرش‬ ‫جُكذ٣ع‬ ‫جُر٘حء‬ ًَ‫ٓؾح‬ ٕ‫أ‬
‫جُٔ٘طظٔس‬ ‫جُٜ٘ذعس‬"ٍ‫أؽٌح‬ ‫ضأُن‬ ٞ‫ٗك‬ ‫ٓطؿٜح‬ ٢ُٜ٘ٔ‫ج‬ ‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ْٛ ٕ‫ًح‬ ‫جُٞهص‬ ‫ٗلظ‬ ٢‫ك‬"‫كٞسٓحش‬"‫جُطوحُ٤ذ‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫فٜٔٔح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬
‫جُٔغط‬٘‫جُير٤ؼ٤س‬ ‫جُر٘حت٤س‬ ‫جُٔٞجد‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ؾ٘د‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ؾ٘رح‬ ‫جُٔق٘ؼس‬ ‫ج٩ٗؾحت٤س‬ ‫جُٔٞجد‬ ّ‫٫عطخذج‬ ‫ٝجُ٘ضػس‬ ‫جُؾؼر٤س‬ ‫جُؼٔحسز‬ ٖٓ ‫وحز‬.
-‫ُؿأ‬ ‫كوذ‬ ‫ؾٔحُ٤ح‬ ً‫ج‬‫ذؼذ‬ ،‫ًػ٤شج‬ ‫ُٜح‬ ‫سٝؼ‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُٜ٤ٌِ٤س‬ ‫جُٔ٘ظٞٓس‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٢‫٣نل‬ ٢ٌُٝٚ٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ّ‫ػح‬1915ٌَ٤ٛ ‫ئٗؾحء‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ؿشجك٤ٌ٤س‬ ‫ُـس‬ ‫ٝػرش‬ ،
ٙ‫دػح‬ ٢ٌ٘‫ع‬ ‫ُر٤ص‬ ‫ؽلحف‬)ّٝ‫د‬-ٞ٘٣‫ج‬(ٕ‫ٝذح٩ٌٓح‬ ‫ىِ٤ن‬ ِْ‫ذغ‬ ‫سذيٜح‬ ْ‫ض‬ ،‫أكو٤س‬ ‫عيٞـ‬ ‫غ٬غس‬ ‫ضغط٘ذ‬ ‫جُخشعحٗس‬ ٖٓ ‫ده٤وس‬ ‫ٓغحٗذ‬ ‫عطس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ػرحسز‬ ٞٛٝ
ٕ٬‫٣ظ‬ ‫ٝجُٜ٘ذع٤س‬ ‫ذحُلنحء‬ ‫ج٩قغحط‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ذ٤ذ‬ ،‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫٣كذدٛح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُؼ٬هس‬ ‫ُ٘ٞػ٤س‬ ‫ىروح‬ ‫جُٔ٘ظٞٓس‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ٢‫ك‬ ّ‫جُلٞس‬ ‫ىر٤ؼس‬ ‫ضـ٤٤ش‬‫جعحط‬ ٕ٬‫٣ٔػ‬
٠٘‫ُِٔر‬ ‫جُطٌٞ٣٘٤س‬ ‫جُٔؼحُؿحش‬.
٢٘‫ٓج‬(ّٝ‫ك‬-ٞ٘٣‫ا‬)

4. •ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ‫رؽٞه‬ َ‫ٓواؽ‬:
-ّ‫ػح‬ ٢‫ك‬1919‫أفذس‬ ،ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬٠‫ضذػ‬ ‫ك٘٤س‬ ‫ٓؿِس‬"‫ٗٞك‬ ١‫جعر٤ش‬ٞ‫ٝج٧دخ‬ ‫ٝجُؼٔحسز‬ ‫ٝجُطخي٤و‬ ٖ‫جُل‬ ٍ‫سؾح‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓؿٔٞػس‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ذح٫ؽطشجى‬
َ٤ٌ‫جُطؾ‬ ‫٧عظ‬ ١‫جُؿزس‬ ‫جُطـ٤٤ش‬ ‫ذنشٝسز‬ ‫ك٤ٜح‬ ‫ػذ٣ذز‬ ‫ٓوح٫ش‬ ‫ػرش‬ ٟ‫ٗحد‬ ‫ٝهذ‬ ،‫ؾذ٣ذز‬ ‫ُؼٔحسز‬ ‫ؾذ٣ذز‬ ْ٤ٛ‫ٓلح‬ ‫ئسعحء‬ ‫ذٞؾٞخ‬ ٚ‫آسجت‬ ٚٗٝ‫٣ؾحىش‬
ٌَ٤ُٜ‫ج‬ ‫ٓ٘ظٞٓحش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ًٝزُي‬ ‫جُٔغِكس‬ ‫جُخشعحٗس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝؾذ‬ ‫ٝهذ‬ ،‫جُـح٣حش‬ ‫ضِي‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ٍٞ‫ُِٞف‬ ‫جُكذ٣ػس‬ ‫جُطو٘٤س‬ ‫ضٞظ٤ق‬ ٞ‫ٗك‬ ٚ‫ٝجُطٞؾ‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬
٧‫ج‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫جُٔ٘طؿس‬ ‫جُؼٔحسز‬ ‫ىر٤ؼس‬ ‫ُشذو‬ ٠‫عؼ‬ ‫ًٔح‬ ،‫جُطوِ٤ذ٣س‬ ‫ج٧عحُ٤د‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ذؼ٤ذج‬ ‫جُطٌٞ٣٘٤س‬ ٚ٤ٓ‫ٓشج‬ ‫ضكو٤ن‬ َ‫ضٌل‬ ‫ؾذ٣ذز‬ ‫ٓشؾؼ٤س‬ ٢‫ج٩ٗؾحت‬‫عحط‬،
‫جُوحتٔس‬ ‫ُِضٝج٣ح‬ ٍِ‫ػح‬ ‫ذكنٞس‬ ‫جؽٌحُٜح‬ ْ‫ضطغ‬ ‫ضقٔ٤ٔ٤س‬ ‫ضٌٞ٣٘حش‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫جُؿذ٣ذز‬ ٍ‫ج٧ؽٌح‬ ‫ٓيٞػح‬ ،٢ُ٥‫ج‬ ‫جُ٘حضؽ‬ ‫ؾٔحُ٤حش‬ ‫ٓغ‬..
-ّ‫ػح‬ ‫ذحس٣ظ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ّ‫جُٔوح‬ ‫جُطض٣٘٤س‬ ٕٞ٘‫ُِل‬ ٢ُٝ‫جُذ‬ ‫جُٔؼشك‬ ٢‫ك‬1925ْٔ‫ف‬ ،ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬٠ٔ‫جُٔغ‬ ‫جُخحؿ‬ ٚ‫ؾ٘حق‬(‫جُؿذ٣ذز‬ ‫جُشٝـ‬-١‫جعر٤ش‬-
ٞ‫ٗٞك‬)ّ‫ػح‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ٙ‫صٓ٬ء‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٙ‫جفذس‬ ٕ‫ٝأ‬ ‫عرن‬ ١‫جُز‬ ‫جُٔ٘ؾٞس‬ ْ‫جع‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬1919‫ؾ٘حـ‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ذح٩محكس‬ ،ٍٝ٧‫ج‬ ٢‫جُرحس٣غ‬ ٙ‫ٓ٘ؾأ‬ ٠‫ٝأمك‬ ،
‫جُٔػ٤شز‬ ٚ‫ٝٓلحؾأض‬ ‫جُٔؼشك‬ ‫مشذس‬ ‫؛‬ ‫ٓ٤ِ٘٤ٌٞف‬ ‫ُِٔؼٔحس‬ ٢‫جُغٞك٤حض‬ ‫ج٫ضكحد‬.
-ٍٝ‫ض٘ح‬ ٕ‫ٝأ‬ ‫عرن‬ ،‫ؾذ٣ذ‬ ٢‫كنحت‬ ٖ٣ٌٞ‫ض‬ ‫رجش‬ ‫عٌ٘٤س‬ ‫ٝقذز‬ ْ٤ٔ‫ضق‬ ‫٣ٌشس‬ ‫جُؿ٘حـ‬ ْ٤ٔ‫ضق‬ ٕ‫أ‬ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ّ‫ػح‬ ‫كٌشضٜح‬1922٬‫ق‬ ‫جهطشـ‬ ‫ػ٘ذٓح‬ ،
١‫جُكنش‬ ‫ئىحسٛح‬ ٢‫ٝك‬ ‫جُٔذ٣٘س‬ ‫قذٝد‬ ٖٔ‫م‬ ٢ٌ٘‫ع‬ ٠٘‫ُٔر‬ ‫ؾذ٣ذج‬.‫ٝجُؿ٘حـ‬–‫جُؾوس‬-ٖ٤‫جسضلحػ‬ ‫رجش‬ ‫ٝجعؼس‬ ‫ؿشكس‬ ٖٓ ٌٕٞ‫٣ط‬Double Volu
me٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝهؼص‬ ‫كوذ‬ ُّٞ٘‫ج‬ ‫ؿشف‬ ‫أٓح‬ ،‫ٓ٘غٞذٜح‬ ٟٞ‫ٓغط‬ ‫ٗلظ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓغحػذز‬ ‫ؿشف‬ ‫جُ٘ٞجز‬ ٙ‫ذٜز‬ ‫ٝ٣ك٤و‬ ،ْ٤ٔ‫ُِطق‬ ‫جُٔشًض٣س‬ ‫جُلنحت٤س‬ ‫جُ٘ٞجز‬ َ‫ضٔػ‬
ٖ٤‫جُٔ٘غٞذ‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ‫٣شذو‬ ٢ِ‫دجخ‬ ِْ‫ع‬ ‫ٝغٔس‬ ،٠ِ‫ج٧ػ‬ ‫جُيحذن‬.
(‫اُغل٣لح‬ ‫اُوٝػ‬-١‫اٍج٤و‬-ٞ‫ٗٞك‬)

5. •ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ‫رؽٞه‬ َ‫ٓواؽ‬:
-ْٔ‫ف‬ ‫جُػ٬غ٤٘حش‬ ‫ٝذذج٣س‬ ‫جُؼؾش٣٘حش‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ‫جُٔكقٞسز‬ ‫جُلطشز‬ ٢‫ك‬ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬‫جُٜحؾظ‬ ٕ‫ًٝح‬ ،‫ٝمٞجق٤ٜح‬ ‫ذحس٣ظ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫عٌ٘٤س‬ ‫دٝس‬ ‫ك٤٬ش‬ ‫ػذز‬
٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝجٓطكحٜٗح‬ ،‫دجتٔح‬ ‫ذٜح‬ ٟ‫ٗحد‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُؿذ٣ذز‬ ‫جُطقٔ٤ٔ٤س‬ ٚ‫ٓرحدت‬ ‫جخطرحس‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ٢‫جُغؼ‬ ‫ٗغر٤ح‬ ‫جُقـ٤شز‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ‫ضٌٞ٣٘حش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٢‫ج٧عحع‬
٢‫ك‬ ‫ُٜح‬ ‫سٝـ‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُٔرحدب‬ ‫ضِي‬ ‫جُٞجهغ‬ ‫أسك‬"‫جُخٔظ‬ ٚ‫ٗوحى‬"،‫جُكذ٣وس‬ ‫جُغوق‬ ،‫ج٧ػٔذز‬ ‫ذٞجعيس‬ ‫ج٧سك‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫سكغ‬ ،‫جُؾٜ٤شز‬
‫ٗلز‬ ‫جُٔٔحسعس‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ‫ع٤حم‬ ٖٔ‫ٝم‬ ،‫جُكشز‬ ‫ٝجُٞجؾٜس‬ ‫جُؾش٣ي٤س‬ ‫ٝجُ٘حكزز‬ ،‫جُكش‬ ‫جُٔخيو‬:
ٕ‫ضلح‬ ‫جٝصج‬ ٬٤‫ك‬1922،
‫٫سٝػ‬ ٬٤‫ٝك‬1923،
‫ًٞى‬ ‫ٝذ٤ص‬1926،
ٖ٣‫ؽطح‬ ٬٤‫ٝك‬1927،
٢‫ذٞجع‬ ٢‫ك‬ ١ٞ‫عحك‬ ٬٤‫ٝك‬1929-1931،
-‫جُل٤٬ش‬ ْ٤ٓ‫ضقح‬ ‫ٓٔحسعس‬ ٖٔ‫م‬ ٠ُٝ٧‫ج‬ ‫جُٔشضرس‬ َ‫ضؾـ‬ ١ٞ‫عحك‬ ٬٤‫ك‬ ٕ‫كا‬ ‫ٝجهطقحسٛح‬ ‫جُؼحٓس‬ ‫جُٜ٤ثس‬ ‫ٝئ٣ؿحص‬ ٚ‫ٝٗوحت‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ٌَ‫جُؾ‬ ‫ُٞمٞـ‬ ‫ٝضرؼح‬
‫أٗؿضٛح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬‫ٝهطزجى‬.
-‫ذرحس٣ظ‬ ‫جُؿحٓؼ٤س‬ ‫جُٔذ٣٘س‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُغٞ٣غش‬ ‫جُيِرس‬ ٌٖ‫ع‬ ٠٘‫ٓر‬ ‫٣ؼطرش‬1930-1932‫ؽ٤ذٛح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ْ‫أمخ‬ ٖٓٚ٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬‫جُؼحفٔس‬ ٢‫ك‬
٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ‫ض٘ل٤ز‬ ‫ٝ٣ؼذ‬ ،‫جُلشٗغ٤س‬(‫جُخ٬ؿ‬ ‫ؾ٤ؼ‬ ٠٘‫ٓر‬ ٞٛ ‫٫قوح‬ ‫ذحس٣ظ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؽ٤ذ‬ ‫آخش‬ ْ‫مخ‬ ٠٘‫ٓر‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ذح٩محكس‬1933)٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓإغشج‬ ‫قذغح‬ ‫٣ؼذ‬
ٌَ‫ؽ‬ ٢‫ضوق‬ ‫ٜٓٔس‬ ‫ًحٗص‬ ‫ُوذ‬ ،‫ٗغر٤ح‬ ‫ًر٤ش‬ ‫ٝذٔو٤حط‬ ّ‫ػح‬ ٠٘‫ٓر‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُطقٔ٤ٔ٤س‬ ٚ‫ٓرحدت‬ ‫ٓشز‬ ٍٝ٧ ‫٣ؿغذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ئٌٓحٗ٤س‬ ‫ٓ٘ف‬ ‫ئر‬ ،‫جُٜٔ٘٤س‬ ‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫ق٤حز‬
‫جُؼ٘حفش‬ ّ‫ٝجعطخذج‬ ،‫ٝجُطو٤٤ظ‬ ،٢‫جُقٞض‬ ٍ‫جُؼض‬ َ‫ٓػ‬ ‫جُٜ٘ذع٤س‬ ًَ‫ُِٔؾح‬ ‫ٓ٘يو٤س‬ ٍِٞ‫ق‬ ‫ئ٣ؿحد‬ ‫ؾ٘د‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ؾر٘ح‬ ١‫٣ؿش‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ‫ُطِي‬ ‫ٓإغش‬ ١‫ٓؼٔحس‬
٤ٔ‫جُطق‬ ‫جُؼِٔ٤س‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رُي‬ ًَ ‫ٝضأغ٤ش‬ ،ٚ‫ؽحذ‬ ‫ٝٓح‬ ‫جٌُٜشذحت٤س‬ ‫ٝجُخذٓحش‬ ‫جُٜٞجء‬ ‫ًطٌ٤٤ق‬ ‫جُٔ٤ٌحٗ٤ٌ٤س‬ َ‫ُِٞعحت‬ ‫جُٞجعؼس‬ ‫ٝج٫عطؼٔح٫ش‬ ‫جُٔق٘ؼس‬‫ٔ٤س‬
٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ‫ُطِي‬ ‫رجضٜح‬.
ْٜ٘٤‫ث‬ ‫أَُبد‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ‫اُزشبث‬ ‫ٝ٣زعؼ‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُِٞٞهثٞى‬ ‫أُقزِلخ‬ ٍ‫اػٔب‬ ‫ثؼط‬

6. •‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهث٤ي‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬:
‫اُلَِل٤خ‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ‫ٓجبكئ‬:-
1-‫اُؽج٤ؼخ‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٖ٣‫اُزجب‬ ‫أٍِٞة‬:
ٛ٩‫ج‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ٙ‫ج٩ضؿح‬ ‫مذ‬ ٚ‫ٝهٞك‬ ‫ُذسؾس‬ ‫جُطٌؼ٤ر٤س‬ ‫جُٔؼٔحس٣س‬ ْ٤ٓ‫جُطقح‬ ‫أعِٞخ‬ ّ‫ٝئعطخذج‬ ،ٕ‫ج٩ٗغح‬ ‫ف٘غ‬ ٖٓ ‫جُٜ٘ذع٤س‬ ٍ‫ج٧ؽٌح‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ٚٛ‫ذاضؿح‬ ‫ٝرُي‬‫طٔح‬‫ذحُير٤ؼس‬ ّ.
2-‫اُ٘لؼ٤خ‬ ٢ٗ‫أُجب‬ ‫أٍِٞة‬:
٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ًٝزُي‬ ٕ‫ذاضوح‬ ‫ٝظ٤لطٜح‬ ‫أدش‬ ‫ئرج‬ ‫ٗحؾكس‬ ‫ضؼطرش‬ ‫ج٥ُس‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٕ‫ًٝح‬ ،‫ك٤ٜح‬ ‫ُِؼ٤ؼ‬ ‫آُس‬ ‫جُر٤ص‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫كٌشز‬ ٠‫ٝئعطٞق‬
3-‫اإلشزواً٤خ‬ ‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ‫أٍِٞة‬:
٠‫جُٞعي‬ ‫جُؼقٞس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ج٩ع٬ٓ٤س‬ ‫جُؼٔحسز‬ ٖٓ ‫جُٔغطٞقحز‬ ‫جُذٝذٌِظ‬ ‫ُلٌشز‬ ٚ‫ٝئػط٘حه‬(ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬ ٍٞ‫ه‬ ‫قذ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬.)
‫ُـ‬ ‫اُٞظ٤ل٤خ‬ ‫اُ٘ظــو٣خ‬(ٚ‫ًـــٞهثٞى٣٤ـ‬ ُٞ: )
•‫اُٞظ٤ل٤خ‬ ‫اُ٘ظو٣خ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٓولٓخ‬:
-‫أؾِٜح‬ ٖٓ ‫ضق٘غ‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫ج٧ؿشجك‬ ‫جُٔق٘ٞػس‬ ‫ج٧ؽ٤حء‬ ١‫ضإد‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٓؼ٘حٛح‬ ‫جُٞظ٤ل٤س‬..‫جُٞظحتق‬ ٝ‫أ‬ ‫ج٧ؿشجك‬ ٙ‫ُٜز‬ ً‫ح‬‫ضرؼ‬ ٢‫٣أض‬ ‫ٓح‬ ٍ‫ج٧ؽٌح‬ ٖٓ ‫ُٜح‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫ٝأ‬.
-ٚ‫ُ٘لغ‬ ‫٣ق٘غ‬ ٕ‫ج٩ٗغح‬ ‫ذذأ‬ ‫ػ٘ذٓح‬ ‫جٌُٜٞف‬ ‫ػٜذ‬ ‫ٓ٘ز‬ ‫ٓٞؾٞدز‬ ‫أٜٗح‬ ‫ًٔح‬ ‫جُؼقٞس‬ ًَ ‫ػٔحسز‬ ٢‫ٝك‬ ‫جُػوحكحش‬ ًَ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓٞؾٞدز‬ ‫جُٞجعغ‬ ‫ذٔؼ٘حٛح‬ ‫جُٞظ٤ل٤س‬٧‫ج‬ٌَ‫جُؾ‬ ٖٓ ‫ُٜح‬ ‫ٝ٣خطحس‬ ‫دٝجش‬
‫جُٞظ٤لس‬ ‫ضِي‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫٣طٞجكن‬ ‫ٓح‬.
-٢ٌ٣‫ج٧ٓش‬ ٍ‫جُٔػح‬ ٞٛ ‫جُكذ٣ع‬ ‫جُؼقش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُ٘ظش٣س‬ ٙ‫ذٜز‬ ١‫ٗحد‬ ٖٓ ٍٝ‫أ‬Horatio Greenough (1805 – 1852ّ)‫سد‬ ٌٕٞ٣ ٕ‫ٝأ‬ ‫٫ذذ‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ٌَ‫جُؾ‬ ٕ‫ذأ‬ ١‫ٗحد‬ ‫ق٤ع‬
‫جُٔخِٞهحش‬ ًَ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓٞؾٞد‬ ٞٛ ‫ًٔح‬ ‫ُِٔ٘لؼس‬ ٢‫ىر٤ؼ‬ َ‫كؼ‬.
-ٙ‫ذؼذ‬ ٖٓ ‫ؾحء‬Louis Sullivan‫جُٞظ٤لس‬ ٌَ‫جُؾ‬ ‫٣ط٤غ‬ ٕ‫ذأ‬ ١‫ٗحد‬ ‫ق٤ع‬.
-‫ٝج‬ ‫جُؼِٔ٤س‬ ‫ذح٫ضؿحٛحش‬ ‫ج٫ػطشجف‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫جؾطٔؼٞج‬ ْٜٗ‫أ‬ ٫‫ئ‬ ّٜٞ‫جُٔل‬ ٍٞ‫ق‬ ْٛ‫ٗظش‬ ‫ٝؾٜس‬ ‫جخط٬ف‬ ْ‫ٝسؿ‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓؿٔٞػس‬ ‫جُ٘ظش٣س‬ ٙ‫ذٜز‬ ١‫ٗحد‬٘‫ُق‬‫ٝضشى‬ ‫جُكذ٣ػس‬ ‫حػ٤س‬
‫جُضخشكس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝجُرؼذ‬ ‫جُشٝٓحٗط٤ٌ٤س‬ ‫ج٫ضؿحٛحش‬.
-‫جُٞظ٤ل٤س‬ ‫جُ٘ظشز‬ ‫ضلغ٤ش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػنٞ٣س‬ ‫ج٧ٓش٣ٌ٤س‬ ‫جُ٘ظشز‬ ٝ ‫ؾحٓذز‬ ‫ج٧ٝسذ٤س‬ ‫جُ٘ظشز‬.

7. •‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهث٤ي‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬:
‫اُٞظ٤ل٤خ‬ ‫اُ٘ظو٣خ‬ ‫ٓبٛ٤خ‬
-‫جُضخحسف‬ ٖٓ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ‫ٝقشسش‬ ‫ٝج٫هطرحط‬ ‫جُطوِ٤ذ‬ ٖٓ ٖ٤٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫قشسش‬ ‫ًٔح‬ ‫ٝجُؼِٔ٤س‬ ‫جُ٘ظش٣س‬ ًَ‫جُٔؾح‬ ٖٓ ‫جٌُػ٤ش‬ َ٤ِ‫ضك‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ده٤وس‬ ‫ٗظش٣س‬ ٢ٛ.
-‫أٓش٣ٌح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُؼنٞ٣س‬ ‫جُ٘ظش٣س‬ ٟٞ‫ع‬ ‫ُٜح‬ ‫ٓ٘حكظ‬ ‫٣ٞؾذ‬ ُْ..‫ػؾش‬ ‫جُطحعغ‬ ٕ‫جُوش‬ ‫عحدش‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُطخرو‬ ‫أصٓس‬ ٖٓ ‫جُٞق٤ذ‬ ‫جُٔخشؼ‬ ‫ًٝحٗص‬.
-ٜ‫ًلحءض‬ ‫ىش٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫جُٔطيشكس‬ ‫جُظشٝف‬ ‫ُطِي‬ َ‫ق‬ ٖ‫أقغ‬ ‫كٌحٗص‬ ‫ٝجُطؼٔ٤ش‬ ‫ُِر٘حء‬ ‫جُؼحؾِس‬ ‫ٝجُكحؾس‬ ‫ج٫هطقحد٣س‬ ‫ج٧صٓحش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُكشٝخ‬ ‫ذؼذ‬ ‫ًحك٤س‬ ‫ًحٗص‬‫ك‬ ‫ح‬٢ٗ‫ُِٔرح‬ ‫ٝضخِ٤قٜح‬ َٔ‫جُؼ‬ ٢
‫ػِٔ٤س‬ ‫كحتذز‬ ُٚ ‫ُ٤ظ‬ ‫ٓح‬ ًَ ٖٓ.
-ٖ٤٣‫جُؼحد‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ١‫أ٣ذ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٠‫قط‬ ‫ؾ٤ذز‬ ٍ‫أػٔح‬ ‫ئٗطحؼ‬ ‫ذٜح‬ ٌٖٓ‫ٝأ‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ْ٤ٔ‫ُِطق‬ ّ‫جُؼح‬ ٟٞ‫جُٔغط‬ ‫سكؼص‬.
-‫ضؼذد‬ ‫قحُس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٌُٜ٘ح‬ َٔ‫جُؼ‬ ‫ف٬ق٤س‬ ٟ‫ٓذ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٌْ‫جُك‬ ‫ٓو٤حط‬ ٢ٛ ‫جُٞظ٤ل٤س‬ ‫ًحٗص‬ ‫عحذن‬ ٍ‫ٓػح‬ ُٚ ‫ُ٤ظ‬ ‫ؾذ٣ذ‬ َٔ‫ػ‬ ١‫أ‬ ٢‫كل‬ ْ٤ٔ‫جُطق‬ ‫فكس‬ ‫ضػرص‬ ‫ًحٗص‬‫جُك‬‫ضكذد‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫٣ٌٜٔ٘ح‬ ٫ ٍِٞ
‫كوو‬ ‫جُشد١ء‬ ٍ‫ضؼض‬ َ‫ذ‬ ‫جُؿ٤ذ‬ َ‫جُك‬.
-ٖ٤٣‫ُِٝٔؼٔحس‬ ‫جُؼٔحسز‬ ‫ُيِرس‬ ‫جُٔ٘حعد‬ ‫جُطذس٣د‬ َ‫ضٔػ‬.
ٖ٤ُ‫ثو‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٌَُٖ‫ا‬ ‫ٝؽلح‬‫ًبٓجو٣لط‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫اُجصو٣خ‬ ٕٞ٘‫ُِل‬ ‫ًبهث٘زو‬ ‫ثٔوًي‬ ‫ٝؽش٤خ‬ ‫ػٔبهح‬
‫أُزؾلح‬ ‫اُٞال٣بد‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٌ‫ٓبٍبرشٍٞز‬ ،

8. •‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهث٤ي‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬:
‫اُٞظ٤ل٤خ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫أُقزِلخ‬ ‫اُ٘ظو‬ ‫ٝعٜبد‬:
•‫ا٥الد‬ ْٔ‫رص‬ ‫ًٔب‬ ٢ٗ‫أُجب‬ ْٔ‫رص‬ ٕ‫أ‬
-ٕ‫جُوش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُلٌش‬ ‫ػقش‬ ‫ذذأ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٓ٘ز‬18َٔ‫جُؼ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُؼقش‬ ‫أدٝجش‬ ٢ٛ ‫ج٥٫ش‬ ‫ٝفحسش‬ ٍٝ٧‫ج‬ ّ‫جُٔوح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػِٔ٤س‬ ‫ج٧ٓٞس‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫جُ٘ظشز‬ ‫فحسش‬ ‫جُؼٞجىق‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ‫ضلٞه‬ ِْ‫جُؼ‬ ‫ٝأغرص‬
‫ٝج٩ٗطحؼ‬.
-‫ٝجُكغحخ‬ ‫ٝجُذهس‬ ‫ٝجُٔ٘ين‬ ِْ‫ذحُؼ‬ ‫ج٥٫ش‬ ْٔ‫ضق‬ ‫ًٔح‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ْٔ‫ضق‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫جُ٘ظشز‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ‫أفكحخ‬ ‫٣يحُد‬..ٚ‫ذ‬ ً‫ح‬‫خحف‬ ً٬ٔ‫ػ‬ ١‫ٝ٣إد‬ ‫ٓيِٞذس‬ ‫ٝذٌٔ٤س‬ ‫ُغرد‬ ‫ٓٞؾٞد‬ ‫ؽ٢ء‬ ًَ ٌٕٞ٣ٝ.
-‫كٜزج‬”‫ؾشٝذ٤ٞط‬“‫جُغش٣ؼس‬ ‫ٝجُغ٤حسجش‬ ‫ج٥٫ش‬ ‫ػقش‬ ْ‫ض٬ت‬ ‫ذؼٔحسز‬ ‫٣يحُد‬..‫ٝٛزج‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“‫ك٤ٜح‬ ‫ُِؼ٤ؼ‬ ُٚ‫أ‬ ٚٗ‫ذأ‬ ‫جُر٤ص‬ ‫٣قق‬
"The Home as a Machine to Live in"
-ٚ٤‫ك‬ ‫ضٞجؾذش‬ ١‫جُز‬ ِْ‫ٝجُؼ‬ ‫جُٔ٘ين‬ ‫ػقش‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫٣طٞجكن‬ ١‫كٌش‬ ‫عرد‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ضغط٘ذ‬ ٫ ‫ػحىل٤س‬ ‫جُ٘ظشز‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٫‫ئ‬..‫ذٔ٘يوٜح‬ ‫ٝػِٔٞج‬ ‫ذٜح‬ ً‫ج‬‫ًػ٤ش‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫ضأغش‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ْ‫ٝسؿ‬
•٢ٗ‫أُجب‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ا٥الد‬ ٍ‫أشٌب‬ ‫روِ٤ل‬
-‫ُِؿٔ٤غ‬ ّ‫ج٫قطشج‬ ‫ٓٞمغ‬ ‫ٝأفركص‬ ٕٞ‫ٝجُٜٔ٘ذع‬ ‫ٓؼحفشٝٛح‬ ‫ُٜح‬ ‫جٗذٛؼ‬ ‫كوذ‬ ‫ُ٦٫ش‬ ‫جُٜحتِس‬ ‫ج٩ٌٓحٗحش‬ ‫ذغرد‬.
-َٓ‫ُِطأ‬ ‫ٓحدز‬ ‫ٝؾؼِٞٛح‬ ‫ذٜح‬ ‫ٝضؼِوٞج‬ ‫ذح٥٫ش‬ ‫جُ٘حط‬ ٖ‫جكطط‬..‫جُك٤حز‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؽ٢ء‬ ًَٝ ‫جُك٤حز‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ؽ٢ء‬ ْٛ‫أ‬ ‫ذأٜٗح‬ ‫ٝػشكٞٛح‬.
-‫ذأًِٜٔح‬ ‫آُس‬ ٌَ‫ؽ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ٤ٗ‫ٓرح‬ َ‫ؾؼ‬ ٖٓ ْٜ٘ٓٝ ‫جُٔحً٤٘حش‬ ‫أؾضجء‬ ‫ذؼل‬ ٕٞ٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫ذؼل‬ ّ‫جعطخذ‬..١‫جُركحس‬ ُْ٬‫ًحُغ‬ ‫جُرٞجخش‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓأخٞرز‬ ‫ػ٘حفش‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬ ‫أخز‬ ‫كوذ‬
‫جُقـ٤شز‬ ‫ٝجُرٌِٞٗحش‬ ‫جُٔغطذ٣شز‬ ‫ٝجُؾرحذ٤ي‬..ً‫ح‬‫أ٣ن‬”‫سج٣ص‬“‫جُرحسؾس‬ ٠ٔ‫٣غ‬ ‫ٝآخش‬ ‫جُيحتشز‬ ٠ٔ‫٣غ‬ ٖ٤‫جُؿحٗر‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓٔطذز‬ ‫أعوق‬ ٝ‫ر‬ ‫ذ٤ص‬ ُٚ ١‫جُز‬.
-‫ضطـ٤ش‬ ‫ج٥٫ش‬ ٍ‫أؽٌح‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫ٝؾذ‬ ‫ٓح‬ ‫ذؼذ‬ ‫ضـ٤شش‬ ‫ٓح‬ ٕ‫ٝعشػح‬ ‫عش٣ؼس‬ ‫ٗظشز‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ‫ًحٗص‬.
•‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝٓ٘زغبرٜب‬ ‫ا٥الد‬ ّ‫اٍزقلا‬
-‫ٝجُٔٞجد‬ ‫ٝج٩ٗؾحء‬ ‫جُط٘ل٤ز‬ ‫أعحُ٤د‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ضـ٤ش‬ ٖٓ ‫ٛزج‬ ٚ٤٘‫٣ؼ‬ ‫ٓح‬ ٢‫٣شجػ‬ ٕ‫ٝأ‬ ‫جُكذ٣ع‬ ‫جُؼقش‬ ‫ئٌٓحٗحش‬ ٚ‫ضكوو‬ ‫ٓٔح‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫٣غطل٤ذ‬ ‫ق٤ع‬..١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ٌَ‫جُؾ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رُي‬ ًَ ‫ٝضأغ٤ش‬
‫جُٜ٘ح٣س‬ ٢‫ك‬.
-ً‫ح‬‫ٓقي٘ؼ‬ ٫ ً‫ح‬٤‫قو٤و‬ ‫ك٤ٜح‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫جُطؼر٤ش‬ ٌٕٞ٣ٝ ‫جُكذ٣ع‬ ‫ُِؼقش‬ ٢ٔ‫ض٘ط‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ُِؼٔحسز‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ٝذٜزج‬.
-ٖٓ ‫ج٫عطلحدز‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫جُطلٌ٤ش‬ ٕ‫كٌح‬ ‫كحتوس‬ ‫ٝذغشػس‬ ٕ‫ج٩ٗغح‬ ٚ‫٣كوو‬ ُْ ‫ٓح‬ ‫ضكون‬ ‫ج٥ُس‬ ‫أفركص‬ ‫ق٤ع‬ ‫جُكذ٣ع‬ ‫جُؼقش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جعطٔشش‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ٢ٛ ‫جُ٘ظشز‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬‫رُي‬‫أؾضجء‬ ‫ضق٘٤غ‬ ٢‫ك‬
‫جُوذ٣ٔس‬ ‫جُطوِ٤ذ٣س‬ ‫جُيشم‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫٣غطِٜي‬ ٕ‫ًح‬ ١‫جُز‬ ٍ‫جُٔح‬ ‫ٝضٞك٤ش‬ ‫جُٞهص‬ ‫ًٝغد‬ ‫ٝجُؾرحذ٤ي‬ ‫ج٧ذٞجخ‬ ٖٓ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ‫ٝػ٘حفش‬.
-‫خحؿ‬ ٌَ‫ذؾ‬ ١‫ٝجُٔؼٔحس‬ ٕ‫ج٩ٗغح‬ ‫كٌش‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ج٥ُس‬ ٠‫ضـي‬ ٫‫أ‬ ‫ذؾشه‬ ٍٞ‫ٓور‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ًَ

9. ً‫ال‬ٝ‫أ‬:١‫أُؼٔبه‬ ‫اُلواؽ‬:‫٣ؼٔذ‬ ُْ ‫ج٩ىحس‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ٢‫ك‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“ٚ‫قوو‬ ١‫جُز‬ ‫ج٫ٗغ٤حذ٤س‬ ‫ذلٌش‬ ٢‫جُخحسؾ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ٢ِ‫جُذجخ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ‫٣زٛد‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬”‫سج٣ص‬“٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫جػطٔذ‬ ٌُٚ٘ٝ َ‫هر‬ ٖٓ
‫جُق٘ذٝم‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫كؼِٜح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُطؿٞ٣لحش‬ ٍ٬‫خ‬ ٖٓ ٢ِ‫جُذجخ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫٣٘ذٓؽ‬ ٢ٌُ ٢‫جُخحسؾ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ٢‫٣أض‬ ٕ‫أ‬..‫ذـل‬ ٕ‫ٌٓح‬ ١‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُذجخِ٤س‬ ‫جُكٞجتو‬ ‫ٝمغ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٚ‫هذسض‬ ‫رُي‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫أمق‬
٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ىٞجذن‬ ‫جخط٬ف‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫جُ٘ظش‬.
ً‫ب‬٤ٗ‫صب‬:‫اُقبهع٤خ‬ ‫اُؾلٝك‬(‫اُؾٞائػ‬:)‫ػٔذ‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“٢‫ٝجُخحسؾ‬ ٢ِ‫جُذجخ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ٍ‫ج٫ضقح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ْٛ‫عح‬ ‫ٓٔح‬ ‫خحؿ‬ ٌَ‫ذؾ‬ ٕ‫ج٧سًح‬ ‫ػ٘ذ‬ ‫جُق٘ذٝم‬ ‫ضلش٣ؾ‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬..ٌٖٔ‫ض‬ ٚٗ‫أ‬ ‫ًٔح‬
ٕ‫ٌٓح‬ ١‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝمؼٜح‬ ٖٓ ٌٖٔ‫ض‬ ٢ُ‫ٝذحُطح‬ ‫ج٩ٗؾحء‬ ٖٓ ‫جُخحسؾ٤س‬ ‫جُكٞجتو‬ ‫ضكش٣ش‬ ٖٓ.
ً‫ب‬‫صبُض‬:‫اُلزؾبد‬:ٌٖٔ‫ض‬ ‫كوذ‬ ‫جُيٞ٣ِس‬ ‫جُلطكحش‬ ‫ٓرذأ‬ ‫ذحػطٔحد‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“‫جُٔٔطذز‬ ‫ج٧ؽشىس‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ٍ٬‫خ‬ ٖٓ ٢‫ٝجُخحسؾ‬ ٢ِ‫جُذجخ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ٍ‫ج٫ضقح‬ ‫ضكو٤ن‬ ٖٓ.
ً‫ب‬‫هاثؼ‬:‫اَُوق‬:ٍٝ‫قح‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“ٖ٤‫ىحذو‬ ‫ذحسضلحع‬ ‫جُٔشضلؼس‬ ‫ذحُلشجؿحش‬ ُٚ‫أػٔح‬ ‫جؽطٜشش‬ ‫ٝهذ‬ ‫ج٧عوق‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ػِٜٔح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُلطكحش‬ ‫ىش٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫جُذجخِ٤س‬ ‫جُلشجؿحش‬ ‫أعوق‬ ‫ٓؼحُؿس‬
”ٖ٤ٗ‫جُٔ٤ضج‬“ٖ٤‫جُيحذو‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ‫٣٘غحخ‬ ‫ق٤ع‬.
•‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهث٤ي‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬:
1-٢‫اُص٘لٝه‬ ‫اُزلو٣ؾ‬:
-ٌ‫ؽ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ً‫جُكلح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٝضطِخـ‬ ‫ًر٤ش‬ ٌَ‫ذؾ‬ ‫جُق٘ذٝه٤س‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ْ‫٣ٜحؾ‬ ُْ ٕ‫ًح‬ ٕ‫ٝئ‬ ٢ٌ٤‫جٌُ٬ع‬ ‫جُق٘ذٝم‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٓخطِلس‬ ‫ٗظش‬ ‫ٝؾٜس‬ ُٚ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬ ٕ‫ًح‬‫ج‬ ََٔ‫ػ‬ ‫ذؼذ‬ ٌُٖٝ ‫ُق٘ذٝم‬
‫جُق٘ذٝم‬ ‫ٓ٬ٓف‬ ‫ضكذد‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُٜ٘ذع٤س‬ ‫جُٜ٤ثس‬ َ‫دجخ‬ ‫رُي‬ ٝ ٢‫جُخحسؾ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫جُذجخِ٤س‬ ‫جُلشجؿحش‬ ‫ذحٗذٓحؼ‬ ‫ضغٔف‬ ٚ٤‫ك‬ ‫ضلش٣ـحش‬.
•‫هذٜٓح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُٜ٤ثس‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ضخطِق‬ ٢ِ‫جُذجخ‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫ُِك٤ض‬ ‫ؾذ٣ذز‬ ‫ٛ٤ثس‬ ‫ضكو٤ن‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُلٌشز‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ‫عحٛٔص‬ ‫ًٔح‬”‫سج٣ص‬“١‫جُلٌش‬ ‫ج٩غشجء‬ ‫ٗحق٤س‬ ٖٓ ‫ػٜ٘ح‬ َ‫ضو‬ ٫ ‫ٌُٜٝ٘ح‬ َ‫هر‬ ٖٓ
٢ِ٤ٌ‫ٝجُطؾ‬ ٢‫ٝجُلشجؿ‬.
ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ‫ػ٘ل‬ ١‫أُؼٔبه‬ ‫اُلٌو‬ ‫ٓالٓؼ‬
٢‫اُص٘لٝه‬ ‫اُزلو٣ؾ‬ ‫ٗظو٣خ‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ‫صٞه‬

10. •‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهث٤ي‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬:
(2ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞى‬ ‫ػ٘ل‬ ‫اُؾل٣ضخ‬ ‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ‫ٓجبكئ‬
•ً‫ال‬ٝ‫أ‬:‫اُؾو‬ ‫أَُوػ‬Free or Open Plan:
‫ذح٩ٗؾحء‬ ‫جُٞظ٤لس‬ ٚ٤‫ك‬ ‫جسضريص‬ ١‫جُز‬ ْ٣‫جُوذ‬ ّ‫جُ٘ظح‬ ‫ػٌظ‬ ٢‫ج٩ٗؾحت‬ ّ‫ذحُ٘ظح‬ ‫ج٫سضرحه‬ ٕٝ‫د‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ٌٓح‬ ١‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُكٞجتو‬ ‫ٝمغ‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ذك٤ع‬.
•ً‫ب‬٤ٗ‫صب‬:‫اُؾوح‬ ‫اُٞاعٜبد‬Free Facade:
‫ذح٩ٗؾحء‬ ‫جُٞظ٤لس‬ ٚ٤‫ك‬ ‫جسضريص‬ ١‫جُز‬ ْ٣‫جُوذ‬ ّ‫جُ٘ظح‬ ‫ػٌظ‬ ٢‫ج٩ٗؾحت‬ ّ‫ذحُ٘ظح‬ ‫ج٫سضرحه‬ ٕٝ‫د‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ٌٓح‬ ١‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُكٞجتو‬ ‫ٝمغ‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ذك٤ع‬.
•ً‫ب‬‫صبُض‬:‫اُؽٞ٣ِخ‬ ‫األكو٤خ‬ ‫اُشجبث٤ي‬Ribbon Windows:
٢‫ٝجُخحسؾ‬ ٢ِ‫جُذجخ‬ ‫جُلشجؽ‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ١ٞ‫ه‬ ‫جسضرحه‬ ‫ضكو٤ن‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رُي‬ ‫كغحػذ‬ ‫آخشٛح‬ ٠‫قط‬ ‫جُٞجؾٜس‬ ٍٝ‫أ‬ ٖٓ ً‫ح‬٤‫أكو‬ ‫جُ٘ٞجكز‬ ‫ضٔطذ‬ ‫ق٤ع‬.
•ً‫ب‬‫هاثؼ‬:‫أػٔلح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ‫هكغ‬Pilots:
‫ًػ٤شز‬ ‫أؿشجك‬ ٢‫ك‬ َ‫ٝضغطـ‬ ٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ضكص‬ ‫ضٔطذ‬ ٕ‫ذأ‬ ‫ُ٨سك‬ ‫٣غٔف‬ ‫ق٤ع‬ ١ٞ‫جُؼن‬ ‫جُلٌش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٞٛ ‫ًٔح‬ ‫ج٧سك‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫٣ـٞؿ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٖٓ ً٫‫ذذ‬.
•ً‫ب‬َٓ‫فب‬:‫اَُؽؼ‬ ‫ؽل٣وخ‬Roof Garden:
‫ٝجُشٝق٤س‬ ‫ٝجُٞظ٤ل٤س‬ ‫ٝج٫هطقحد٣س‬ ‫جُل٘٤س‬ ‫جُلٞجتذ‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓؿٔٞػس‬ ‫٣طكون‬ ‫ٝذٜزج‬.
٢‫ك‬ ‫ًبٓج٤ٔب‬ ٞ‫ؿٍٞزبك‬ ‫هصو‬ ‫هبػلح‬ ‫هكغ‬‫أػٔلح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ َ٣‫اُجواى‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهثي‬ ٍ‫ٓ٘ي‬ ٠٘‫ُٔج‬ ‫األكو٤خ‬ ‫ٝاُ٘ٞاكن‬ ‫اُؾوح‬ ‫ُٞاعٜخ‬
،‫ٝا٣يٜٗٞف‬ ٢‫ك‬‫أُٔبٗ٤ب‬
٢‫ك‬ ‫ؤٍَخ‬ ٍ‫ا‬ ٠٘‫ٓج‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫اُؾو‬ ‫َُٔوػ‬٣ٍٞ
‫ٍوا‬

11. •‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهث٤ي‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬:
.3‫اُؽج٤ؼخ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ‫ٍ٤ؽوح‬
-‫جخطِق‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“ٖ‫ػ‬”‫سج٣ص‬“‫ذحُير٤ؼس‬ ٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ػ٬هس‬ ٢‫ك‬..ٟ‫سأ‬ ‫ق٤ع‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“‫جُير٤ؼس‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٢ٗ‫جُٔرح‬ ‫ضغ٤يش‬ ٕ‫أ‬.
-ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ٕ‫ًح‬:”‫ٝجُكؾحتؼ‬ ‫ج٧ؽؿحس‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ٚ‫ٗنؼ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٖٓ ‫أًػش‬ ‫جُش٣ق‬ ٟ‫٣ش‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫٣شؿد‬ ٚ٤٘‫ٗر‬ ١‫جُز‬ ٌٖ‫جُٔغ‬ ٕ‫ئ‬“.
-ُٚ ‫جُخحسؾ٤س‬ ‫جُكذٝد‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ً‫ٝجُكلح‬ ٢‫جُق٘ذٝه‬ ٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ضلش٣ؾ‬ ٍٞ‫ٝق‬ ‫أػٔذز‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٠٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ٝسكغ‬ ‫جُغيف‬ ‫قذ٣وس‬ ٍٞ‫ق‬ ٙ‫كٌش‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫٣طٞجكن‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ٕ‫كا‬ ‫ذحُيرغ‬.
.4‫اُؾبه‬ ‫أُ٘بؿ‬ ‫ُٔؼبُغخ‬ ‫عل٣لح‬ ‫رو٘٤بد‬
-‫جُكحس‬ ‫جُٔ٘حل‬ ‫قحُس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ً‫ح‬‫ٝخقٞف‬ ‫جُيٞ٣ِس‬ ‫جُ٘ٞجكز‬ ‫ُٔٞمٞع‬ َ‫ق‬ ٖٓ ‫ٝ٫ذذ‬ ٕ‫ًح‬.
-‫ًر٤ش‬ ٌَ‫ذؾ‬ ُٚ‫أػٔح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ىٞسٛح‬ ٢‫ٝجُط‬ ‫جُؾٔظ‬ ‫ًحعشجش‬ ‫كٌشز‬ ‫ًحٗص‬.
-ٍٞ‫٣و‬”١‫ٛ٘ش‬–‫ٛطؾٌٞى‬ َ‫سٝع‬“:”‫جُضؾحؾ٤س‬ ‫ُِق٘حد٣ن‬ ً‫ح‬٤‫ٝظ٤ل‬ ً‫ح‬‫ضقك٤ك‬ ‫ذٜح‬ ٟ‫أؾش‬ ‫هذ‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬ ‫جعطخذٜٓح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُؾٔظ‬ ‫ًحعشجش‬ ٕ‫ئ‬“.
-‫أػِٜ٘ح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُكذ٣ػس‬ ‫جُؼٔحسز‬ ‫ٓرحدب‬ ٖٔ‫م‬ ‫جُغحدعس‬ ‫جُ٘ويس‬ ٢ٛ ‫جُطو٘٤س‬ ٙ‫ٛز‬ ‫جُرؼل‬ ‫٣ؼطرش‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“
5.‫اإلٗشبء‬ ‫ٝٓٞاك‬ ‫ؼوم‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫عل٣لح‬ ‫رو٘٤بد‬
-‫ضٔ٤ض‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“‫جُطؾٌ٤٬ش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ‫سؿرحض‬ ‫ضكون‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ذآٌحٜٗح‬ ‫ذ٘حء‬ ‫ًٔحدز‬ ‫جُٔغِكس‬ ‫جُخشعحٗس‬ ّ‫ذحعطخذج‬
‫هذٜٓح‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫ٝج٩ٗؾحءجش‬.
-‫جهطشـ‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“ّ‫ػح‬19144‫عطس‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٖ٤‫ٓكُٔٞط‬ ٖ٤‫ذ٬ىط‬ ٖٓ ٌٕٞ‫٣ط‬ ٞٛٝ ٞ٘٤ٓٝ‫جُذ‬ ‫ذ٤ٞش‬ ٌَ٤ٛ ّ
٢‫خحسؾ‬ ِْ‫ذغ‬ ٖ٤‫ٝٓطقِط‬ ‫أػٔذز‬.
-ٍٞ‫٣و‬”‫ٗٞسذشؼ‬ ٕ‫ًش٣غط٤ح‬–‫ؽُٞض‬“ٖ‫ػ‬ ً٬‫ٗو‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“:”‫ج٩ٗؾحء‬ ّ‫ٗظح‬ ّ‫ٗوذ‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ٗغطي٤غ‬ ٖ‫ٗك‬-‫ئٗؾحء‬
ْ‫جُؼظ‬-ٖٓ ‫ٓطؼذدز‬ ‫ذٔؿٔٞػحش‬ ‫ُ٘ح‬ ‫٣غٔف‬ ٌٖ‫جُٔغ‬ ‫ُٔغوو‬ ‫جُٞظ٤ل٤س‬ ‫ج٫قط٤حؾحش‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ً‫ح‬ٓ‫ضٔح‬ َ‫ٓغطو‬ ٞٛٝ
‫جُٞجؾٜحش‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ُِلطكحش‬ ‫ضخ٤ِٜح‬ ٌُٖٔٔ‫ج‬ ‫جُٔؼحُؿحش‬ َٔ‫ٝػ‬ ٢ِ‫جُذجخ‬ ْ٤‫جُط٘ظ‬“.
-‫ٗؿف‬”ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬“ّ‫ٗظح‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ضو٘٤س‬ ‫ٝع٤ِس‬ ًٚٗٞ ٖٓ ِٚ٣ٞ‫ذطك‬ ‫ضؼر٤ش٣س‬ ‫ٝظ٤لس‬ ٠ُ‫ئ‬ ‫ج٩ٗؾحء‬ ٍٞ‫٣ك‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ٢‫ك‬
١‫ٓؼٔحس‬..ٚ٘‫ػ‬ ٍٞ‫٣و‬ ‫ًٝٔح‬”ٖ٣‫ؾ٤ذ‬ ‫ع٤ؿلش٣ذ‬“:”‫ُِقِس‬ ‫جُٔذٛؼ‬ ‫جُغش‬ ‫٣ٞمف‬ ‫ً٤ق‬ ‫ػشف‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬ ٕ‫ئ‬
‫ج٧عيف‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٢‫ضأض‬ ٢‫جُط‬ ‫جُِٔكس‬ ‫ٝجُشؿرحش‬ ٕ‫ج٩ٗغح‬ ‫ٝجقط٤حؾحش‬ ٢ٗ‫جُخشعح‬ ‫ج٩ٗؾحء‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬..ٜٚ‫اُٞاع‬ ٠‫ك‬ ٚٗ‫اُقوٍب‬ ّ‫اٍزقلا‬

12. •‫اُؼٔبهح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًُٞٞهث٤ي‬ ‫ٗظو٣بد‬:
-ّ‫ػح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًٞسذٞص‬ ُٞ ‫ٝمغ‬1947ْ‫جع‬ ٚ٤ِ‫ػ‬ ‫أىِن‬ ،ّ‫ػح‬ ٌَ‫ذؾ‬ ‫جُل٘٤س‬ ْ٤ٓ‫ٝجُطقح‬ ‫جُٔ٘كٞضحش‬ ‫ٗغد‬ ‫ُطكذ٣ذ‬ َٔ‫ُغطؼ‬٣ ‫أذؼحد‬ ‫رج‬ ‫جُرؾش٣س‬ ‫ُِو٤حعحش‬ ً‫ح‬ٓ‫ٗظح‬"‫ٓٞدُٝٞس‬."ٞٛٝ
٢‫جُزٛر‬ ‫ذحُؼذد‬ ْ‫جُشه‬ ‫ذنشخ‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜح‬ َ‫٣كق‬ ّ‫أسهح‬ ‫ٓطٞجُ٤س‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ػرحسز‬5+2/1.‫جُٜ٘ذعس‬ ٢‫ك‬ ً‫ح‬٤ُٔ‫ػح‬ ‫٣يرن‬ ٠ٗ‫ج٫ٗغح‬ ‫جُٔو٤حط‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ٝجُٔط٘حعوس‬ ‫جُٔطذسؾس‬ ‫جُٔوح٣٤ظ‬ ٖٓ ِْ‫ع‬ ٞٛٝ
‫ٝجُٔ٤ٌحٗ٤ٌ٤س‬ ‫جُٔؼٔحس٣س‬
-‫جُٔطيِرح‬ ْٜ‫ُل‬ ‫ٓ٘يو٤س‬ ‫سؤ٣س‬ ً‫ح‬‫أ٣ن‬ َ‫ذ‬ ،‫ٓؼحفشز‬ ‫ٓؼٔحس٣س‬ ‫كنحءجش‬ ‫ُخِن‬ ‫كوو‬ ‫ُ٤ظ‬ ‫جُٔٞدُٝٞس‬ ٍ٬‫خ‬ ٖٓ ً‫ج‬‫ؾذ٣ذ‬ ً‫ح‬‫أعِٞذ‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًٞسذٞص‬ ُٞ ‫أٝؾذ‬ ‫ٝهذ‬‫ج‬ ‫ش‬‫جُكذ٣ع‬ ٕ‫ُ٪ٗغح‬ ‫ُك٤حض٤س‬
‫ٝجُٔؼ٘ٞ٣س‬ ‫جُٔحد٣س‬ ‫ذ٘ٞجق٤ٜح‬.٢ٗ٬‫جُؼو‬ ‫ٝجُكغحخ‬ ٢٘‫جُل‬ ‫ج٩سٛحف‬ ٖ٤‫ذ‬ ‫ضؿٔغ‬ ‫ُِو٤حط‬ ‫ٓرطٌشز‬ ‫ىش٣وس‬ ٚٔ٣‫ذطوذ‬ ‫ٝرُي‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ‫جٗطحؾحش‬ ْٛ‫أ‬ ‫أقذ‬ ‫جُٔٞدُٝٞس‬ ‫جخطشجع‬ ‫٣ؼطرش‬
‫ُ٨ؽ٤حء‬.
•‫أُٞكُٝٞه‬:
‫أُٞكُٝٞه‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ٚ٣‫علاه‬

13. ‫ُٔشبه٣غ‬ ‫آضِخ‬ ‫ثؼط‬ َ٤ِ‫رؾ‬
LE CORBUSIER

14. ‫ٓشبه٣غ‬LE CORBUSIER
1905 Villa Fallet, La Chaux de fonds, Switzerland
1912 Villa Jeanneret, Paris
1916 Villa Schwob, Paris
1923 Villa LaRoche, Paris
1924 Pavilion de L’Esprit Nouveau, Paris
1924 Quartiers Modernes Fruges, Pessac France
1926 Villa Cook, Boulogne-sue-Seine, France
1927 Villas at Weissenhof Estate, Stuttgart, Germany
1928 Villa Savoye, Poissy-sur-Seine, France
1929 Armee du Salut, Cite de Refuge, Paris
1930 Pavilion Suisse, Cite Universitaire, Paris
1931 Palace of the Soviets, Moscow, USSR
1933 Tsentrosoyuz, Moscow, USSR
1936 Palace of the Ministry of National Education and Public Health, Rio de Janerio
1938 The Cartesian Sky-scrapper.
1946 Duval Factory in Saint Die, France
1947-1952 Unite d’Habition, Marseille, France
1948 Curutchet House, La Plata, Argentina
1949 Usine Cluade et Duval, Saint Die-des-Vosges
1950 UN Headquarters, New York
1950-1954 Chapel Notre Dame du Haut, Ronchamp, France
1951 Cabanon Le Corbusier, Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
1951 Maisons Jaoul, Neuilly-sur-Seine, France
1952 Unite d’Habitation of Nantes-Reze, Nantes, France
1952-1959 Buildings in Chandigarh, India.
1905 Museum at Ahmedabad, India
1912 Unite d’Habitation of Briey en Foret, France
1957 National Museum of Western Art, Tokyo
1913 Masison du Bresil, Cite Universataire, Paris
1957-1960 Sainte Marie de la Tourette Lyon, France
1957 Unite Habitation of Berlin-Charlottenburg, Flatowallee 16, Berlin

15. 1950 -1954
Ronchamp chapelle
The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut
‫ك٣٘٤خ‬ ٠ٗ‫ٓجب‬

16. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
ٟ‫أُــــؼـٔـــبه‬:Le Corbusier
‫أُـــــــٞهـــــغ‬:13 rue de la chapelle 70250 Ronchamp france
٠‫أُج٘ـــــ‬ ‫ٗٞع‬:٠٘٣‫ك‬(‫ً٘٤َخ‬)
‫االٗشبء‬ ‫ربه٣ـ‬:ّ‫ػب‬ ٖٓ1950٠ُ‫ا‬1954ّ
‫أُـبٌُخ‬ ‫اُغٜخ‬:l'Associationde l'oeuvrede Notre dame
‫اُيٝاه‬ ‫ػـــــلك‬:10ٝ ‫اُقبهط‬ ٠‫ك‬ ٠ِ‫ُِٔص‬ ٠ِ‫ٓص‬ ‫االف‬80َٔ‫أُغ‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫ٍبئؼ‬ ‫اُق‬
‫ٌُِ٘٤َخ‬ ٠‫فبهع‬ ‫ٓ٘ظٞه‬
‫أُٞهغ‬ ‫ٓؾلكاد‬

17. ‫ػبٓخ‬ ‫ٗجنح‬:
•‫عٔ٤ِخ‬ ‫ك٘٤خ‬ ‫هؽؼخ‬ ‫رؼزجو‬
•‫هٔخ‬ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫ٛنح‬ ‫اُ٘وبك‬ ‫٣ؼزجو‬‫اُوو‬ ٍ‫اػٔب‬ ْٛ‫ا‬ ٖٓ ‫رؼزجو‬ ٝ
ٍ‫ا‬ ٕ20٠ُٔ‫اُؼب‬ ‫ُِزواس‬ ٌَٞٗٞ٤ُ‫ا‬ ‫هبئٔخ‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ٚ‫اظبكز‬ ‫رٔذ‬ ٝ
•‫رٌِ٤ق‬ ْ‫ر‬٤ً٘ َ‫ٓؾ‬ َ‫ُزؾ‬ ‫عل٣لح‬ ‫ًبصُٞ٤ٌ٤خ‬ ‫ً٘٤َخ‬ ْ٤ٔ‫ُزص‬
‫اُضبٗ٤خ‬ ‫اُؼبُٔ٤خ‬ ‫اُؾوة‬ ٍ‫فال‬ ‫ًج٤و‬ ‫ؽل‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ٙ‫رلٓ٤و‬ ْ‫ر‬ ‫ؽغو٣خ‬ ‫ٍخ‬
•‫ٓإٍَخ‬ ‫اٝظؾذ‬َُِٔ ‫اٗشأ‬ ‫هل‬ ٝ ٠‫هثؾ‬ ‫ؿ٤و‬ ‫أُ٘شأ‬ ٕ‫ا‬
ٟ‫أُؼٔبه‬ ‫اُزواس‬ ‫ؽٔب٣خ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اػلح‬
•َ‫اٝائ‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫اُؾلاصخ‬ ‫ثؼل‬ ‫ٓب‬ ‫ث٘بء‬ ٍٝ‫ا‬ ٕ‫ًب‬1950ّ
•‫ً٘٤َخ‬ُ‫ا‬ ‫اٌُبصُٞ٤ٌ٤خ‬ ‫ثبُؽجبع‬ ‫٣زأصو‬ ٝ ‫٣ٔيط‬ ‫رصٔ٤ٜٔب‬ ‫٣ؼزجو‬
‫روِ٤ل٣خ‬(‫اُصِ٤ت‬)ٍ ‫أُؼٔبه٣خ‬ ‫اُشقص٤خ‬ ْ‫ٓؼغ‬ ‫ٓغ‬
•ُٚ‫اال‬ ‫ثؼصو‬ ‫رٔبٓب‬ ْ‫ٜٓز‬ ‫ؿ٤و‬ ‫ًُٞٞهثٞى٣خ‬ ٕ‫ًب‬ ‫رش٤لٛب‬ ‫ػصو‬ ٠‫ك‬
•ُ‫ا‬ ٕ‫ال‬ ‫ُِج٘بء‬ ‫ٓ٤ٌبٗ٤ٌ٤خ‬ َ‫ٍٝبئ‬ ّ‫اٍزقلا‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ال‬ ٚٗ‫ا‬ ‫أُٞهغ‬ ‫ىاه‬ ‫ػ٘لٓب‬ ‫اكهى‬
‫صؼت‬ ٕ‫ًب‬ ‫أُٞهغ‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ٍٞ‫ٝص‬
‫اُضبٗ٤خ‬ ‫اُؼبُٔ٤خ‬ ‫اُؾوة‬ ٍ‫فال‬ ‫رلٓ٤وٛب‬ ْ‫ر‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫ؽغو٣خ‬ ‫ً٘٤َخ‬
The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle

18. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
•ٖٓ ‫ثبُووة‬ َ‫ر‬ ‫هٔخ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫ٝظغ‬ ْ‫ر‬Belfort‫كوَٗب‬ ‫شوم‬ ٠‫ك‬
•Ronchamp‫ك٤ٜب‬ ‫٣٘ؾوف‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫أُٔ٤يح‬ ‫اُزصٔ٤ٔبد‬ ٖٓ ٠ٛLe Corbusierٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ثؼ٤لا‬
‫اُص٘لٝم‬ ٚ‫رشج‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫اَُبثوخ‬ ٚ‫ٓشبه٣ؼ‬ ٠‫ك‬ َ‫هج‬ ٖٓ ‫ًٞهثٞى٣خ‬ ُٞ ٚ‫ػوظ‬ ٟ‫اُن‬ ٠‫اُٞظ٤ل‬ ‫اُ٘ٔػ‬
ٟ‫اُن‬ ‫ُِٔٞهغ‬ ‫اٍزغبة‬ ‫مُي‬ ٖٓ ‫ثلال‬ ٝ ‫االُخ‬ ‫عٔبُ٤خ‬ ٝ ‫اُزٞؽ٤ل‬ ‫ٓجبكئ‬ ٝ ّ‫االؽغب‬ ‫ٓززبثغ‬ ٝ ٠‫ٝظ٤ل‬
‫ه‬ ‫ُؼلح‬ ٠‫اُزبه٣ق‬ ‫االهس‬ ٝ َ‫اُز‬ ٖٓ ‫االهثؼخ‬ ‫اُغٞاٗت‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٠‫أُوئ‬ ‫االكن‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ػجوو٣خ‬ ‫ٓٞاظ٤غ‬ ّ‫هل‬
ٍ‫عجب‬ َ‫ٓض‬ ‫أُؾ٤ؽخ‬ ‫اُج٤ئخ‬ ‫ٓغ‬ َ‫اُز‬ ‫ٝػالهخ‬ ‫ُِؼجبكح‬ ٕ‫ًٌٔب‬ ٕٝ‫ه‬(Jura Mountains)ٝ
‫أُشٜل‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رَ٤ؽو‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫ث٤ٜ٘ٔب‬ ‫أَُبكخ‬
•ٖٓ ‫اُصؼٞك‬ ٖٓ ‫كجلأ‬ ٍٞ‫االًوٝث‬ ٚ‫اٝع‬ ٖٓ ‫ػل٣ل‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ٟٞ‫٣ؾز‬ ٕ‫ا‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫اكد‬ ‫أُٞهغ‬ ‫ؼج٤ؼخ‬
ٍ‫ٓؼي‬ ٠‫ك‬ ٠ٜ‫٣٘ز‬ ٕ‫ا‬ َ‫هج‬ ‫اُؽو٣ن‬ ٍٞ‫ؼ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اُؽج٤ؼ٤خ‬ ‫أُ٘بظو‬ ٝ ‫اُزبه٣ق٤خ‬ ‫االؽلاس‬ ‫ٗغل‬ َ‫اُز‬ َ‫اٍل‬
َ‫اُز‬ ‫هٔخ‬ ‫هوة‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ٍٞ‫اُٞص‬ ٠‫ؽز‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ‫هؤ٣خ‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ال‬ ‫ؽ٤ش‬
•‫أُٞهغ‬a:ٝ ‫اُشغو‬ ٝ ٌ٣‫اُعبه‬ ‫ٍٝػ‬ ‫ٓوزٞػ‬ ٕ‫ٌٓب‬ ٖٓ ‫شوم‬ ‫ع٘ٞة‬ ٖٓ ٠‫٣أر‬ ٍٞ‫اُٞص‬ ‫ؼو٣ن‬
ٍ‫اُزال‬
•‫أُٞهغ‬B:‫ًج٤و‬ ‫ثبٗؾلاه‬ َ٤ٓ ٚ٣‫ُل‬
َ‫اُز‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫ٓٞهغ‬
Model‫االهض‬ ‫ً٘زٞه‬ ‫٣ٞظؼ‬
A B
‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫شوم‬ ‫ع٘ٞة‬ ٍٞ‫اُٞص‬ ‫ؼو٣ن‬ ‫ًج٤و‬ ‫ثبٗؾلاه‬ َ٤ٓ ٚ٣‫ُل‬ ٟ‫اُن‬ ‫اُغيء‬

19. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
‫اُصؼجخ‬ ‫أُزؽِجبد‬ ‫ثؼط‬ ‫اُجوٗبٓظ‬ ٕ‫ًٝب‬:
•‫ُقلٓخ‬ ‫ً٘٤َخ‬200‫اُٜبٓخ‬ ‫اُؼ٤ل‬ ّ‫أ٣ب‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫اُؾغبط‬ ٖٓ ‫ؽشٞك‬ ‫ٓغ‬ َٓ‫اُزؼب‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫هبكه‬ ٌُٚ٘ٝ ،ّ‫َٓزقل‬
•٢َ٤‫اُوئ‬ ً‫اُولا‬ ٖٓ َ‫ٓ٘لص‬ ٌَ‫ثش‬ ‫اُقلٓبد‬ ‫ُؼول‬ ‫اُصـ٤وح‬ ‫أُصِ٤بد‬ ٖٓ ٖ٤٘‫اص‬.‫صـ٤و‬ ‫ٓزت‬ ٝ ‫اُقياٗخ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬
•ٖٛ‫اٌُب‬ ً‫هأ‬ ‫ؿؽبء‬ ٖٓ ‫َٓزؼبهح‬ ‫رـؽ٤خ‬
•‫ؼج٤ؼ٤خ‬ ‫ٗبكٞهح‬ ‫فِن‬ ‫ٛجٞؼب‬ ‫اَُؽؼ‬ ٖٓ ‫٣زلكن‬ ‫ٝأُبء‬ ‫رٔؽو‬ ‫كؼ٘لٓب‬ ‫االهض‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رغو٣ل٣خ‬ ٍ‫اشٌب‬ ٖٓ ‫ٗبكٞهح‬ ‫ٝظغ‬ ْ‫٣ز‬ ‫ؽ٤ش‬ ‫اُقِق‬ ٞ‫ٗؾ‬ ‫ٓ٘ؾله‬ ‫اَُوق‬‫ٛب‬‫ئِخ‬
Architecture concept Architecture concept ‫ٛبئِخ‬ ‫ؼج٤ؼ٤خ‬ ‫ٗبكٞهح‬

20. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
ٌُٖ ‫ٓؼول‬ ‫رقؽ٤ؽخ‬ ٕ‫ثب‬ ٠‫٣ٞؽ‬ ٠‫اُقبهع‬ ‫أُظٜو‬ ٕ‫ا‬ ٖٓ ْ‫اُوؿ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬
‫ُِـب٣خ‬ ‫ًج٤و‬ ‫ؽل‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫ثَ٤ػ‬ ٠ِ‫اُلاف‬ ْ٤ٔ‫اُزص‬
‫َُِ٘ت‬ ٟ‫أُؼٔبه‬ ٍٞ٣‫ُِٔل‬ ‫ٓزٌوهٝكوب‬ ‫ٗٔػ‬ ً‫اٍب‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫هَٔذ‬
‫ٓنثؼ‬ ٝ ٖ٤ِ‫ٓلف‬ ٖٓ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ٌٕٞ‫٣ز‬(The Main Alter)‫ٓصِ٤بد‬ ‫صالس‬ ٝ
(Three chapels)‫اثواط‬ ٝ
ٖٓ ٌٕٞٓ ٠٘‫أُج‬3ًٖ‫آب‬ ‫الٗشبء‬ َ‫اُلاف‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ٠٘‫ر٘ؾ‬ ‫ٍٔ٤ٌخ‬ ‫ث٤عبء‬ ٕ‫علها‬
ًٖ‫اُو‬ ٠‫ك‬ ْٜ٘ٓ ٖ٤٘‫اص‬ ‫٣وغ‬ ‫اُوئ٤َ٤خ‬ ‫اَُبؽخ‬ ٠‫عبٗج‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫صـ٤وح‬ ‫ُِصالح‬
٢َ٤‫اُوئ‬ َ‫أُلف‬ ٖٓ ‫ثبُووة‬ ٠‫اُشوه‬ ٠‫اُغ٘ٞث‬ ًٖ‫اُو‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫ٝاؽل‬ ٝ ٠ُ‫اُشٔب‬
٠‫االكو‬ ‫أَُوػ‬
ALTAR ٠ِ‫اُلاف‬ ‫أُنثؼ‬
ّ‫ا٣ب‬ ‫فبصخ‬ ٝ ٕ‫أٌُب‬ ‫ٛنا‬ ٠‫ك‬ ّ‫روب‬ ‫اُؼجبكاد‬ ٖٓ ‫ًض٤و‬ ‫ٛ٘بى‬ ‫ؽظ‬ ٠ِ‫ٓص‬ ٚٗ‫ال‬
‫ٓ٘جو‬ ‫ًُٞٞهثٞى٣خ‬ ٠٘‫كج‬ ٖ٣‫اُيائو‬ ‫االف‬ ٖٓ ‫ًج٤وح‬ ‫ؽشٞك‬ ٠‫٣أر‬ ‫االػ٤بك‬
َ‫اُز‬ ‫هٔخ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝاٍغ‬ ٕ‫ٌٓب‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اٝاُٞهٞف‬ ًِٞ‫اُغ‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫ُنُي‬
•‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫فبهط‬ ٟ‫اُ٤َو‬ ٚ‫اُغ‬ ٠‫ك‬ ً‫ُالعوا‬ ‫ثوط‬ ‫٣ٞعل‬

21. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
THE BELLS
CONFESSIONALS`
‫اُوئ٤َ٤خ‬ ‫اَُبؽخ‬
‫اُوئ٤َ٤خ‬ ‫اَُبؽخ‬ ٠‫اُقبهع‬ ‫أُنثؼ‬alter
CHOIR

22. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
٢ٍ‫هأ‬ ‫هؽبع‬
٠َ٤‫اُوئ‬ ‫أُنثؼ‬ ٞ‫ٗؾ‬ ‫أُٞهغ‬ ‫اٗؾ٘بء‬ ‫رزجغ‬ ‫االهض‬(The Main Alter)
،‫اُزؼج٤و‬ ‫األًضو‬ ‫اُؽو٣وخ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٌٔ‫اُش‬ ‫ظٞء‬ ّ‫اٍزقلا‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫هبكها‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًٞهثٞى‬ ‫ٝهل‬
ٚ٘ٓ ‫اُقبُن‬ ‫رٔغل‬ ٢ُ‫ٝثبُزب‬ ،‫ظٞئٜب‬ ‫ًٔب‬ ٌٔ‫ُِش‬ ‫اُ٤ٞٓ٤خ‬ ‫اُؾ٤بح‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٝاُزؼج٤و‬.
‫ًج٤وح‬ ‫ًضبكخ‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫كزؾبرٜب‬ ٖٓ ‫ظٞئ٤خ‬ ‫ر٤بهاد‬ ‫ًٔب‬ ‫أُظِٔخ‬ ٕ‫اُغلها‬ ‫رصجؼ‬.ٖ٤‫ؽ‬ ٢‫ك‬
‫شؼٞه‬ ‫٣شؼو‬ ٕ‫أ‬ ‫ُِٔوء‬ ٌٖٔ٣ ،‫ٝٓو٣ؼ‬ ‫ُ٤٘خ‬ ‫فبصخ‬ ‫أُصِ٤بد‬ ‫كٞم‬ ٖٓ ‫عِجذ‬ ‫ظٞء‬
‫ٓؾلكح‬ ٍ‫فال‬ ٖٓ َ‫اُلاف‬ ‫اُعٞء‬ ‫هٞح‬ ‫ثَجت‬ ‫االظؽواثبد‬ ٖٓ ٖ٤‫ٓؼ‬
٢ٍ‫هأ‬ ‫هؽبع‬

23. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
ٕ‫اُغلها‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اُزور٤ت‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫ار٘ظبٜٓب‬ ّ‫ٝػل‬ ‫أُزلوهخ‬ ‫اُ٘ٞاكن‬ ‫ٝظؼ٤خ‬ ٞٛ ّ‫ُالٛزٔب‬ ‫أُض٤وح‬ ‫اُغٞاٗت‬ ‫اًضو‬ ٖٓ
‫أُبهح‬ ٝ ‫اُشغو‬ ‫اٝهام‬ ‫رؾوى‬ ٝ‫ا‬ ‫اَُؾت‬ ‫هؤ٣خ‬ ُٚ‫فال‬ ٖٓ ٌٖٔ٣ ‫االصلو‬ ٝ ‫االفعو‬ ٝ ‫ثبالؽٔو‬ ُِٕٞٔ‫ا‬ ‫اُشلبف‬ ‫اُيعبط‬ ٖٓ ‫اُ٘ٞاكن‬
‫اُؾبئػ‬ ‫رغٞ٣ق‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫اُ٘بكنح‬ ‫ٝظغ‬ ‫ؼو٣ن‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫اُعٞء‬ ْ٤‫ُزعق‬ ‫رَٔؼ‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫ٓوًيٛب‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫ٓبئِخ‬ ٜٚ‫اُٞاع‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫صـ٤وح‬ ‫كزؾبد‬ ‫ًٞهثٞى٣خ‬ ُٞ ‫ٗلن‬ٌ‫ك‬‫ٓعئ‬ ‫٣صجؼ‬ ‫علاه‬ َ
‫ًضبكخ‬ ‫اًضو‬ ‫ٓجبشو‬ ‫ظٞء‬ ِِٚ‫٣زق‬
‫اػزجوٛب‬ ‫أُِٞٗخ‬ ‫اُ٘ٞاكن‬Le Corbusier٠‫اُوٞؼ‬ ٝ ٠ٌَٗ‫اُوٝٓب‬ ٖ‫اُل‬ ‫ثبالفص‬ ‫اُول٣ٔخ‬ ‫أُؼٔبه٣خ‬ ْ٤ٛ‫أُلب‬ ّ ‫هو٣ت‬ ‫االظبءح‬ ٖٓ ‫ٗٞع‬ٌ(Romanesque &Gothic Art)
THE MAIN ENTRANCE ( SOUTH )EAST ENTRANCE
BACK ENTRANCE ( NORTH )
َ‫أُلاف‬ ‫أُِٞٗخ‬ ‫اُ٘ٞاكن‬
‫أُِٞٗخ‬ ‫اُ٘ٞاكن‬

24. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
‫اُقوٍبٗخ‬ ‫صت‬ ‫ػالٓبد‬ ‫ػِ٤خ‬ ‫٣ظٜو‬ ‫أُٞهغ‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫صت‬ ‫ًٔب‬ ٠ٗ‫فوٍب‬ ٞٛ ‫ًٔب‬ َ‫اُلاف‬ ٖٓ ‫اَُوق‬ ‫روًت‬
‫اًضو‬ ‫ٓجبشو‬ ‫ظٞء‬ ‫رزقِِٜب‬ ‫أُع٤ئخ‬ ‫اُصلبد‬ ٕ‫اُغلها‬ ٠‫٣ؼؽ‬ ٝ ٖ‫فش‬ ‫ٍؽؼ‬ ٠‫٣ؼؽ‬ ٠‫أُؽل‬ ‫االث٤ط‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬ ‫كٛبٜٗب‬ ْ‫ر‬ ‫اُلافِ٤خ‬ ٝ ‫اُقبهع٤خ‬ ‫اُؾٞائػ‬‫ًضب‬‫كخ‬
٠‫اُج٘لَغ‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬ ‫رِٞ٣ٜ٘ب‬ ْ‫ر‬ ٠ُ‫اُشٔب‬ ‫اُغبٗت‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رٞعل‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫اُقياٗخ‬ ٝ ‫أُشوم‬ ‫االؽٔو‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬ ‫أُصِ٤بد‬ ‫اؽل‬ ٖ٣ِٞ‫ر‬ ْ‫ر‬
‫ٌُِ٘٤َخ‬ ٠‫اُـوث‬ ‫اُغلاه‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ثبُ٤ل‬ ٢ِ‫ػ‬ ٍْ‫ه‬ ‫اَُ٤وآ٤ي‬ ٖٓ ‫ثبة‬
‫اُقشٞع‬ ٝ ‫ُِوٛجخ‬ ُِٕٞٔ‫ا‬ ‫اُيعبط‬ ٖٓ ٚ‫فبكز‬ ‫االظبءح‬
‫االث٤ط‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬ ‫اُقبهع٤خ‬ ‫اُؾٞائػ‬
‫االث٤ط‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬ ‫اُلافِ٤خ‬ ‫اُؾٞائػ‬ ‫االث٤ط‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬ ‫اُلافِ٤خ‬ ‫اُؾٞائػ‬
‫أُشوم‬ ‫االؽٔو‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬ ‫أُصِ٤بد‬ ‫اؽل‬
‫رِٞ٣ٜ٘ب‬ ْ‫ر‬ ٠ُ‫اُشٔب‬ ‫اُغبٗت‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫رٞعل‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫اُقياٗخ‬
٠‫اُج٘لَغ‬ ُِٕٞ‫ثب‬
‫اَُ٤وآ٤ي‬ ٖٓ ‫ثبة‬

25. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
ّٞ‫ثبُ٘غ‬ ‫ٓصوػخ‬ ِٚ٤ُِ َ‫ٓٔبص‬ ‫ٗٔػ‬ ‫فِن‬ ٖ‫اُقش‬ ‫اَُؽؼ‬ ‫ما‬ ‫اُغلاه‬ ٝ ‫أُزلوهخ‬ ‫اُصـ٤وح‬ ‫ُِشجبث٤ي‬ ‫االظبءح‬ ّ‫ٗظب‬–ٌَ‫ش‬1/2/3
‫هٞ٣خ‬ ‫ك٣٘٤خ‬ ‫صٞهح‬ ‫٣قِن‬ ٝ ‫اُعٞء‬ ٖٓ ‫ؼٞكبد‬ ‫٣جؼش‬ ‫اُصِ٤ت‬ ‫كٞم‬ ‫ًج٤وح‬ ‫كزؾخ‬ ‫رٌِٜٔب‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫أُزلوهخ‬ ‫اُصـ٤وح‬ ‫اُلزؾبد‬-ٌَ‫ش‬4/5
َٔ‫ػ‬ ْ‫ر‬claddingّٞ٤ُ٘ٓٞ‫اال‬ ٖٓ ٠‫اُقبهع‬ ‫َُِؽؼ‬
‫اُيٛو‬ ‫اُؾل٣ل‬ ٝ ٠‫االكو٣و‬ ‫اُقشت‬ ٖٓ ‫أُوبػل‬
ٌَ‫ش‬1ٌَ‫ش‬2ٌَ‫ش‬3
ٌَ‫ش‬4ٌَ‫ش‬5 ٠‫االكو٣و‬ ‫اُقشت‬ ٖٓ ‫أُوبػل‬

26. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle

27. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle

28. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
DAYLIGHT FACTOR SIMULATIONS

29. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
٠‫ك‬ ٙ‫ُالٗزجب‬ ‫أُِلذ‬ ‫اُغيء‬Ronchamp‫ؼبئو‬ ‫ُغ٘بػ‬ ‫اٗؾ٘بء‬ ٝ‫ا‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ‫كٞم‬ ٞ‫٣ؽل‬ ٚٗ‫ًأ‬ ‫٣ظٜو‬ ٝ ‫اٗلزبؽب‬ ‫اًضو‬ ‫عؼِٜب‬ ٝ ‫َُِٔبء‬ َ‫٣ص‬ ٚٗ‫ا‬ ‫ًؼو٤لح‬ ًٞ‫أُو‬ ‫اَُوق‬ ٞٛ
ٟ‫هشو‬ ٌَ٤ٜ‫ث‬ ‫رـؽ٤خ‬ ‫٣ؼزجو‬ ‫اَُوق‬(shell structure system )ٌٍٚٔ6ٕ‫اُغلها‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫ٓقل٤خ‬ ٖٓ ‫اػٔلح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٓوكٞع‬ ٍْ
‫كغٞح‬ ‫فِن‬ ‫ٓٔب‬ ‫اُؾبئػ‬ َ‫كاف‬ ‫ٓقل٤خ‬ ‫اػٔلح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ّٞ‫ٓلػ‬ ‫اُؾٞائػ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ٍٞ‫ٓلص‬ ‫اَُوق‬10٠ِ‫اُلاف‬ ‫اُلواؽ‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫اُعٞء‬ ٖٓ ‫شؼبع‬ ‫ثٔوٝه‬ ‫رَٔؼ‬ ٠‫ٝاُز‬ ‫اُغلاه‬ ٝ ‫اَُوق‬ ٖ٤‫ث‬ ٍْ
َ‫اُلاف‬ ٠‫ك‬ َ‫اُز‬ ‫هٔخ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اُو٣بػ‬ ‫ر٤بهاد‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫٣زصبػل‬ ٟ‫اُن‬ ‫اُشواع‬ َ‫ٓض‬ ‫اَُوق‬ ‫٣ؼزجو‬
ٕ‫اُغلها‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫ٓقل٤خ‬ ٖٓ ‫اػٔلح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫أُوكٞع‬ ‫اَُوق‬
‫اَُوق‬
َ‫اُلاف‬ ٖٓ ‫اَُوق‬ ‫رشؽ٤ت‬
‫اَُوق‬ ٝ ‫اُؾبئػ‬ ٖ٤‫ث‬ ‫كغٞح‬

30. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
‫أَُ٤ٌخ‬ ‫اُؾٞائػ‬ ٖٓ ‫عيء‬ ‫رؼزجو‬ ‫اػٔلح‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٠ِ‫الػ‬ ٠٘‫ٓ٘ؾ‬ ‫اَُوق‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫ٍٔ٤ٌخ‬ ٕ‫ثغلها‬ ‫ٓؾبغ‬ ‫اُقوٍبٗخ‬ ٌَ٤ُٜ‫ا‬ ٌٕٞ‫٣ز‬
٠ُ‫ؽٞا‬ ‫االهرلبع‬14‫ٓزو‬
‫اُؼ‬ ‫اُؾوة‬ ‫ثوب٣ب‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ‫كٓود‬ ٝ ‫ٓٞهؼٜب‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ٙ‫ٛن‬ ‫ث٘٤ذ‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫االصِ٤خ‬ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫ثوب٣ب‬ ٖٓ ٕ‫ًب‬ ٟ‫اُن‬ ‫اُؾغو‬ ٝ ‫اُقوٍبٗخ‬ ٖٓ ٚٔ‫ٓؼظ‬ ٌَ٤ُٜ‫ا‬ُٔ‫ب‬‫اُضبٗ٤خ‬ ‫٤خ‬
ٖٓ ٢َ٤‫اُوئ‬ ٌَ٤ُٜ‫ا‬ ٌٕٞ‫٣ز‬3٠ٌِ٤ُٜ‫ا‬ ْ‫اُلػ‬ ‫رٞك٤و‬ ٝ ‫االٍزوواه‬ ٖ٤َ‫ُزؾ‬ ‫ٓ٘ؾ٘٤خ‬ ‫ٍٔ٤ٌخ‬ ٕ‫علها‬
‫ُِٔنثؼ‬ ‫اُصٞد‬ ٌٌ‫٣ؼ‬ ٟ‫اُن‬ ٠‫اُشوه‬ ٠‫اُقبهع‬ ‫اُغلاه‬ ‫فبصخ‬ ٝ ٠ِ‫اُلاف‬ ‫ُِلواؽ‬ ‫اُصٞد‬ ‫ُزٌج٤و‬ ‫ا٣عب‬ َٔ‫رؼ‬ َ‫ث‬ ٠ٌِ٤ٛ ‫ًؼ٘صو‬ ‫كوػ‬ َٔ‫رؼ‬ ‫ال‬ ٕ‫اُغلها‬((Alter‫اُقبهع٤خ‬
ٖٓ ‫اُؾٞائػ‬ ‫ٍٔػ‬50٠ُ‫ا‬ ٍْ10٠‫اُقبهع‬ ‫اُغلاه‬ ٕ‫اروب‬ ‫ُٔؾبٝح‬ ‫ػل٣لح‬ ‫شٜٞه‬ ‫ًٞهثٞى٣خ‬ ُٞ ٠‫هع‬ ‫اُغ٘ٞة‬ ٜٚ‫ع‬ ٠٘‫٣٘ؾ‬ ٝ ّ‫هل‬
٠ُ‫ا‬ َ‫رص‬ ٠‫ؽز‬ ‫األرَبع‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫ثلأ‬ ٝ ٠‫اُشوه‬ ‫اُغبٗت‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫ٗوؽخ‬ ٖٓ ‫اُؾبئػ‬ ‫ثلأ‬10٠‫اُـوث‬ ‫اُغبٗت‬ ٠‫ك‬ ّ‫اهلا‬
‫االٍٔ٘ذ‬ ٖٓ ‫ثوجبة‬ ٠‫ٓـؽ‬ ٝ ‫اُؾغو‬ ٖٓ ‫اثواط‬ ‫كٞهخ‬ ‫شَل‬ ‫أُنثؼ‬
A. 6 cm concrete shell.
B. 10 x 30 cm cast in place lower
beams.
C. 17 cm thick girders.
D. 5 x 27 cm pre cast upper roof
beams.
E. Roof deck 4 cm thick.
F. Scupper for rainwater drainage.
‫اَُوق‬ ‫رـؽ٤خ‬
‫االٍٔ٘ذ‬ ٖٓ ‫ثوجبة‬ ٠‫ٓـؽ‬ ٝ ‫اُؾغو‬ ٖٓ ‫اثواط‬

31. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
G. 15 cm concrete pylons and
40 x 15 cm beams.
H. Reinforced concrete column
inside wall.
I. Girder bearing on column.
J. Masonry walls.
K. The only exposed column.
A. Aluminum roof covering.
B. 4 – 5 cm cement gunite covering.
C. Metal framework of parallel
trusses.
D. Rotating joint.
E. Trussed pylon.
A. Precast concrete w
indow frame.
B. Lead glazing comp
ound.
C. Glass.
D. Plaster on wire me
sh covering precast
concrete and stone.
E. Rubble wall.
‫اَُوق‬ ‫رـؽ٤خ‬‫اَُوق‬ ‫رـؽ٤خ‬‫اُ٘بكنح‬ ‫روً٤ت‬

32. The Chaplle of Notre Dame da Haut - Ronchamp chapelle
‫اُز٘ل٤ن‬ ‫ٓوؽِخ‬

33. Church of saint pierre , firminy
‫ك٣٘٤خ‬ ٠ٗ‫ٓجب‬

34. Church of saint pierre , firminy
: ‫أُٞهغ‬
٢‫ك‬ ‫ضوغ‬(٢٘٤ٓ‫ك٤ش‬)‫كشٗغح‬ ٢‫ك‬
: ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٗجنح‬
ّ‫ػح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُر٘حء‬ ‫ٝذذأ‬ ، ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ٍ‫جػٔح‬ ٖٓ ‫جٌُ٘٤غس‬1970.
ّ‫ػح‬ ٖٓ ‫ٝرُي‬ ‫جُٔكِ٤س‬ ‫جُغ٤حع٤س‬ ‫جُقشجػحش‬ ‫ذغرد‬ ‫جُٔؾشٝع‬ ‫ضٞهق‬1975٢‫ٝقط‬
ّ‫ػح‬2003.
ّ‫ػح‬ ‫جٌُ٘٤غس‬ َٔ‫ػ‬ ‫جٜٗحء‬ ْ‫ض‬2006‫جٝذ‬ ٚ٣‫ؾٞص‬ ٢‫جُلشٗغ‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ‫جُٜٔ٘ذط‬ َ‫هر‬ ٖٓ
١‫س٣ش‬.
‫جُخشعحٗس‬ ٢ٛ ‫جُر٘حء‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُٔغطخذٓس‬ ‫جُٔحدز‬.
٤‫ٓؼ‬ ّ‫ج٣ح‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُٔزذف‬ ٢ِ‫ػ‬ ‫جُنٞء‬ ‫ضؿِد‬ ٕ‫ج‬ ‫ٝٝظ٤لطٜح‬ ‫جُنٞء‬ ٖٓ ‫ٓشذؼحش‬ ْ٤ٔ‫ضق‬ ْ‫ض‬
َ‫ٓػ‬ ، ‫ج٫ػ٤حد‬ ٖٓ ‫ٗس‬:‫ج٫قذ‬ ‫جُو٤حٓس‬ ‫ٝػ٤ذ‬ ‫جُؼظ٤ٔس‬ ‫جُؿٔؼس‬.
ٗ‫ًح‬ ‫ٝذحُقؼٞد‬ ‫ٓشذؼس‬ ‫جُوحػذز‬ ‫ًحٗص‬ ‫ق٤ع‬ ، ‫جُر٘حء‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫جُشٝقحٗ٤س‬ ‫ًٞسذٞص٣س‬ ّ‫جعطخذ‬
٢‫جُشٝق‬ ُْ‫ُِؼح‬ ‫جُذ٣٘ٞٗس‬ ٖٓ ٍ‫ٝج٫ٗطوح‬ ٍٞ‫جُطك‬ َ‫٣ٔػ‬ ٞٛٝ ، ‫دجتشز‬ ‫ش‬.
١‫اُلائو‬ ‫اَُوق‬ ٢ُ‫ا‬ ‫أُوثغ‬ ‫أَُوػ‬ ٖٓ ٍ‫االٗزوب‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ‫صٞهح‬

35. Church of saint pierre , firminy
ٍٝ‫اال‬ ‫ُِلٝه‬ ٢‫االكو‬ ‫أَُوػ‬
٢‫االهظ‬ ‫ُِلٝه‬ ٢‫االكو‬ ‫أَُوػ‬
٢ٗ‫اُضب‬ ‫ُِلٝه‬ ٢‫االكو‬ ‫أَُوػ‬٢ٍ‫اُوأ‬ ‫اُوؽبع‬

36. Church of saint pierre , firminy
‫اُٞاعٜبد‬:
‫اُقوٍبٗخ‬ ّ‫اٍزقلا‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ٢ٛٝ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫ٝاعٜبد‬ : َ‫اُلاف‬ ٖٓ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬
‫أُوبػل‬ ٖٓ ‫أُنثؼ‬ ‫هؤ٣خ‬‫أُنثؼ‬

37. Church of saint pierre , firminy
َ‫اُلاف‬ ٖٓ ‫اٌُ٘٤َخ‬ ‫٣ٞظؼ‬ ‫ٓ٘ظٞه‬
‫أُوبػل‬

38. Palace of assembly
٠ٌٍ٘

39. Palace of assembly
: ‫أُٞهغ‬
‫جُٜ٘ذ‬ ، ‫جُر٘ؿحخ‬ ،‫ؽحٗذ٣ـحس‬ ،ٍٞ‫جٌُحذ٤ط‬ ‫ٓؿٔغ‬
: ‫اُوصو‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٗجنح‬
ٝ ، ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬ ١‫جُٔؼٔحس‬ ٚٔٔ‫ف‬ ١‫جُز‬ ٢‫جُطؾش٣ؼ‬ ‫جُٔؿِظ‬ ٞٛ ‫ج٫ؾطٔحػحش‬ ‫هقش‬
٢ٗ‫ٓرح‬ ‫غ٬ظ‬ ْ‫٣ن‬ ‫جُز‬ ٍٞ‫جٌُحذ٤ط‬ ‫ٓؿٔغ‬ ٖٓ ‫ؾضء‬ ٞٛ.
‫جُر٘حء‬ ْ‫ض‬1950ّ‫ػح‬ ٌٞ‫ُِ٤ٞٗغ‬ ٢ُٔ‫جُؼح‬ ‫ُِطشجظ‬ ‫ًٔٞهغ‬ ٢٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ٖ٤٤‫ضؼ‬ ْ‫ض‬ ْ‫غ‬ ،21
06
‫ُٔؿِظ‬ ١‫ٝج٫خش‬ ، ٕ‫ج٫ػ٤ح‬ ‫ُٔؿِظ‬ ‫ٝجقذز‬ ، ٖ٤‫ست٤غ٤ط‬ ٖ٤‫هحػط‬ ٢ِ‫ػ‬ ٢٘‫جُٔر‬ ١ٞ‫٣كط‬
‫جُ٘ٞجخ‬.
ٝ‫جُق٘ذ‬ ‫عيف‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ذحسص‬ ‫ٜٓ٘ح‬ ًَٝ ، ‫ٓٔ٤ض‬ ‫عوق‬ ٌَ‫ذؾ‬ ‫هحػس‬ ًَ ‫ًُٞٞسذٞص٣س‬ ‫ٓ٤ض‬
٢٘‫جُٔر‬ ‫هحػذز‬ ٌَ‫ُؾ‬٣ ١‫جُز‬ ‫جُرغ٤و‬ ‫م‬.
ِ‫ٓؿ‬ ‫هحػس‬ ‫عوق‬ ‫أٓح‬ ،٬٤ِ‫ه‬ َ‫ٓحت‬ ٢‫سذحػ‬ ّ‫ٛش‬ ٌَ‫ؽ‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ‫جُ٘ٞجخ‬ ‫ٓؿِظ‬ ‫هحػس‬ ‫عوق‬
‫جُوي‬ ‫ٛ٤ثس‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٢‫ؾحٗر‬ ‫ٓويغ‬ ١‫ر‬ ٢ٗ‫أعيٞج‬ ٌَ‫ٝذؾ‬ ‫ًػ٤شج‬ ٠ِ‫أػ‬ ‫ؾحء‬ ‫كوذ‬ ٕ‫ج٧ػ٤ح‬ ‫ط‬
‫جٌُٔحكة‬ ‫ع‬
‫ُِوبػبد‬ ‫االٍوق‬ ٌَ‫ش‬ ‫افزالف‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ‫صٞهح‬

40. Palace of assembly
jhForum11
2‫جُ٘ٞجخ‬ ‫ٓؿِظ‬
3‫ج٫ػ٤حش‬ ‫ٓؿِظ‬
4‫خذٓحش‬
٢‫االكو‬ ‫أَُوػ‬
‫اُوؽبػبد‬

41. Palace of assembly
‫االٍوق‬ ٌَ‫ش‬ ‫افزالف‬ ‫ٓغ‬ ٢ٗ‫ٓجب‬ ‫اُضالس‬ ‫٣ٞظؼ‬ ‫ٓ٘ظٞه‬
َ‫اُلاف‬ ٖٓ ‫اُ٘ٞاة‬ ٌِ‫ٓغ‬ ‫هبػخ‬ ٌَ‫ش‬

42. Maison la Roche
٠ٌٍ٘

43. Maison la Roche
‫أُٞهغ‬:-‫ذحس٣ظ‬
ٕٞ٣‫أُؼٔبه‬ ٍٕٞ‫أُٜ٘ل‬:-ٚ٣‫ؾحٗ٤ش‬ ‫ذ٤٤ش‬ ٚٔ‫ػ‬ ٖ‫ٝجذ‬ ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞسذٞص‬.
‫أُشوٝع‬ ٖ‫ػ‬ ‫ٗجنح‬:-٠‫ك‬ ْٔ‫ف‬ ‫ذحس٣ظ‬ ٠‫ك‬ ‫٣وغ‬ ٍ‫ٓ٘ض‬ ٞٛ1923_1925‫ض‬ ‫ٝهذ‬
ُ‫ج‬ ٖ‫جُل‬ ‫ُٞقحش‬ ّ٢‫ٝؾحٓؼ‬ ٖ٤٣‫جُغٞ٣غش‬ ٖ٤٤‫جُٔقشك‬ ‫أقذ‬ ،‫٫سٝػ‬ ٍٝ‫ُشجؤ‬ ٚٔ٤ٔ‫ضق‬ ّ
ٖ‫جُل‬ ‫ٛزج‬ ٖٓ ٚ‫ٓوط٘٤حض‬ ْ‫ضن‬ ٬٤‫ك‬ ‫ذر٘حء‬ ٚ٤٣‫ًٞسذٞص‬ ُٞ ‫ّق‬ًِ ١‫ٝجُز‬ ،٢‫ىِ٤ؼ‬.
‫ُِل٤ال‬ ‫االكو٤خ‬ ‫أَُبهػ‬ َ٤ِ‫رؾ‬:-

44. Maison la Roche

45. Maison la Roche
‫االثؼبك‬ ٠‫صالص‬ َ٤ِ‫رؾ‬

46. Maison la Roche
٬٤‫جُل‬ ‫ُٞجؾٜس‬ َ٤ِ‫ضك‬

47. villa shodun
٠ٌٍ٘

48. villa shodun
٠٘‫ثبُٔج‬ ‫اُزؼو٣ق‬
•‫روغ‬)shodunvilla(‫صٜٔٔب‬ ‫اُٜ٘ل‬ ٠‫ك‬ٚ٣‫ًُٞٞهثٞاى‬
•٠‫ك‬ ‫ث٘٤ذ‬ٙ‫اُلزو‬ّ‫ػب‬ ٖ٤‫ٓبث‬1951٠ُ‫ا‬1956
٠٘‫أُج‬ ْ٤ٔ‫رص‬ ٙ‫كٌو‬
•٠ُ‫اُغٔب‬ ‫أُ٘ظو‬ ٙ‫ارغب‬ ٝ ٌٔ‫اُش‬ ٝ ‫اُو٣بػ‬ ٙ‫ارغب‬ ٠ٛ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ْ٤ٔ‫رص‬ ‫ػِ٤ٜب‬ ‫اػزٔل‬ ٠‫اُز‬ ‫اُغٞاٗت‬
•‫عٜبد‬ ‫صالس‬ ٖٓ ٠ُ‫اُغٔب‬ ‫أُ٘ظو‬ ٠ِ‫ػ‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ َ‫٣ؽ‬
•٠‫االٗشبئ‬ ْ٤ٔ‫اُزص‬‫ُِل٤ال‬‫ثَ٤٤ػ‬‫ٝٛ٘بى‬ٚٗٝ‫ٓو‬َٚٔ‫أُو‬ ‫أَُبؽبد‬ ٚ‫ٓؼبُغ‬ ٠‫ك‬
•ٖٓ ْٔ‫ٓص‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ٚٗ‫اُقوٍب‬ٚ‫أَُِؾ‬
ٌَ‫ش‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ٙ‫صٞه‬‫اُل٤ال‬

49. villa shodun
ٚ‫اُلزؾ‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ٙ‫صٞه‬ٚ٣ِٞ‫اُؼ‬٠‫ك‬‫اُل٤ال‬
•ٚ‫كهع‬ ‫رٜلئخ‬ ‫ؽ٤ش‬ ٢‫اُؽج٤ؼ‬ ‫أُ٘بؿ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ٌْ‫اُزؾ‬ ‫ػِٔ٤خ‬ ٢‫ك‬ ‫ٛبٓب‬ ‫كٝها‬ ٠٘‫أُج‬ ‫شوكخ‬ ‫رِؼت‬ٙ‫ؽواه‬‫اُٜ٘به‬ ‫ٓ٘زصق‬ ٢‫ك‬ ُّٞ٘‫ا‬ ‫ؿوف‬
•ٍٞ‫ؽ‬‫اُل٤ال‬‫االشغبه‬ٙ‫اٌُض٤و‬ٚ‫ٍجبؽ‬ ّ‫ؽٔب‬ ‫أ٣عب‬ ٝ
•ٚ‫ثلزؾ‬ ‫اَُوق‬ ‫٣زٔ٤ي‬ ‫ًٔب‬ٚ٣ٝ‫ث٤عب‬‫أَُبء‬ ٠ُ‫ا‬ ‫ثبُ٘ظو‬ ‫اُزٔزغ‬ ‫ُِيٝاه‬ ‫٣ز٤ؼ‬ ‫ٓٔب‬

50. villa shodun
-: ٚ٤‫االكو‬ ‫أَُبهػ‬ َ٤ِ‫رؾ‬ ‫اٝال‬
٢‫االهظ‬ ‫ُِلٝه‬ ٢‫االكو‬ ‫أَُوػ‬

51. villa shodun
ْ‫ٓؿغ‬ ٌَ‫ؽ‬ ‫ضٞمف‬ ‫فٞس‬ ٚ‫ٓؿٔٞػ‬٬٤‫ُِل‬

52. villa shodun
‫ٝاعٜبد‬ َ٤ِ‫رؾ‬shodunvilla

53. villa shodun
‫ُٞاعٜبد‬ ‫صٞه‬‫اُل٤ال‬

54. villa shodun
-:)ٙ‫(االػٔل‬ ٢‫االٗشبئ‬ ّ‫اُ٘ظب‬ َ٤ِ‫رؾ‬
ّ‫اٍزقلا‬ ٝ ٠‫االٗشبئ‬ ّ‫اُ٘ظب‬ ٌَ‫ش‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ٙ‫صٞه‬ٙ‫األػٔل‬

55. villa shodun
َ‫اُلاف‬ ٖٓ ‫اَُؽؼ‬ ٌَ‫ش‬ ‫رٞظؼ‬ ‫صٞه‬

56. villa shodun
‫اٌٍزش‬٠‫رٞظ٤ؾ‬‫ُِل٤ال‬
‫اٌٍزش‬٠‫رٞظ٤ؾ‬‫ُِل٤ال‬

57. ‫أُصبكه‬
corbusier-le-ronchamp-classics-/ad84988http://www.archdaily.com/
vandalized-ronchamp-s-corbusier-/le469008http://www.archdaily.com/
haut-du-dame-notre-chapel-corbusiers-le-/video201296http://www.archdaily.com/
corbusier-le-ronchamp-classics-/ad84988http://www.archdaily.com/
http://www.archdaily.com/tag/ronchamp
piano-renzo-chapel-ronchamp-/update169836http://www.archdaily.com/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notre_Dame_du_Haut
list-heritage-world-unesco-france-chapel-ronchamp-haut-du-dame-notre-corbusier-/le24/07/2016https://www.dezeen.com//
del-xavier-photography-manipulated-graffiti-haut-du-dame-notre-chapel-ronchamp-corbusier-/le15/04/2016https://www.dezeen.com/
ory/
vandalised-ronchamp-at-chapel-haut-du-dame-notre-corbusier-/le22/01/2014https://www.dezeen.com//
du.html-dame-notre-of-chapel-corbusier-/le06/2012http://architecturalmoleskine.blogspot.com.eg/
http://www.slideshare.net/uzrman/ronchamp-by-le-corbusier
https://www.mimoa.eu/projects/France/Firminy/Saint-Pierre%20de%20Firminy%20Church/
http://www.slideshare.net/fdjaipur/philosophies-of-le-corbusier
http://www.slideshare.net/Jasmeen123/palace-of-assembly-chandigarh
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palace_of_Assembly_(Chandigarh)