Jumpstart your knowledge of MongoDB Operations with this presentation.

1. MongoDB Administration 101
(Ops Jumpstart)
Marc Schwering
Senior Solutions Architect
MongoDB
@m4rcsch #MonogDBDays
marc@mongodb.com

2. 2
• Overview
• High Availability through Replica Sets
• Scalability through Sharding
• Deployment Architectures
• Database Management
Agenda

3. Overview

4. 4
MongoDB
Document
Database
General
Purpose
Agile
Scalable

5. 5
• Document Data Model
– App and DB data structures in harmony
– Fast to develop against – quicker to market
• Dynamic Schema
– Polymorphic data is the norm
– Data model can evolve as app evolves – quicker to iterate
• Built-in Horizontal Scalability
– Low infrastructure costs – commodity hosts & no need for SAN
– Elasticity - start small and invest incrementally
Why MongoDB?
Initial DB decision
doesn’t constrain a
successfully growing
business, later on

6. 6
Operational Database

7. 7
Document Data Model
Relational - Tables Document - Collections
{ firstname: ‘Paul’,
surname: ‘Miller’,
city: ‘London’,
location: {
type: “Point”, coordinates :
[-0.128, 51.507]
},
cars: [
{ model: ‘Bentley’,
year: 1973,
value: 100000, … },
{ model: ‘Rolls Royce’,
year: 1965,
value: 330000, … }
]
}

8. 8
Document Data Model
Relational MongoDB

9. 9
Full featured Interaction
Queries • Find Paul’s cars
Geospatial
• Find all of the car owners within 5km
of Trafalgar Square
Text Search
• Find all the cars with ‘leather seats’ in
their description
Aggregation
& Map Reduce
• Calculate the average value of every
owner’s car collection, and show only
the top 10
{ firstname: ‘Paul’,
surname: ‘Miller’,
city: ‘London’,
location: {
type: “Point”, coordinates :
[-0.128, 51.507]
},
cars: [
{ model: ‘Bentley’,
year: 1973,
value: 100000, … },
{ model: ‘Rolls Royce’,
year: 1965,
value: 330000, … }
]
}

10. High Availability through
Replica Sets

11. 11
Replica Sets
• Replica Set – two or more copies
• Automated Replication & Failover
• Addresses availability
– High Availability
– Disaster Recovery
– Maintenance (rolling updates)
• Deployment Flexibility
– Data locality to users
– Delayed replicas
– Workload isolation
Primary
Driver
Application
Secondary
Secondary
Replication

12. 12
Replica Set - Initialised

13. 13
Replica Set – Failure & Re-election

14. 14
Replica Set – Failed-over

15. 15
Replica Set - Recovery

16. 16
Replica Set - Recovered

17. Scalability through
Sharding

18. 18
Needing to Scale-out?
• Increasing volume of persisted data is too
large for host machine?
• Write throughput being constrained by hard
disks of host machine?
• Read latencies being constrained by the
size of memory of host machine?

19. 19
Working Set Exceeding RAM

20. 20
Sharding
Auto-Sharding
• Increase and decrease capacity as you go
• Automatic Balancing
• Transparent to applications
• Scale capacity, scale reads, scale writes

21. 21
Sharding

22. Deployment Architectures

23. 23
Single Data Centre
• Automated failover
• Tolerates server failures
• Tolerates rack failures
• Number of replicas
defines failure tolerance
Primary – A Primary – B Primary – C
Secondary – A Secondary – ASecondary – B
Secondary – BSecondary – CSecondary – C

24. 24
Active/Standby Data Centres
• Tolerates server and rack failure
• Standby data center for disaster recovery
Data Center - West
Primary – A Primary – B Primary – C
Secondary – ASecondary – B Secondary – C
Data Center - East
Secondary – A Secondary – B Secondary – C

25. 25
Active/Active Data Centres
• Tolerates server, rack, data center failures, network
partitions
Data Center - West
Primary – A Primary – B Primary – C
Secondary – A Secondary – BSecondary – C
Data Center - East
Secondary – A Secondary – B Secondary – C
Secondary – B Secondary – C Secondary – A
Data Center - Central
Arbiter – A Arbiter – B Arbiter – C

26. 26
Global Data Distribution
Real-Time
Real-Time Real-Time
Real-Time
Real-Time
Real-Time
Real-Time
Primary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary
Secondary

27. 27
Write locally, Read globally
Primary:NYC
Secondary:NYC
Primary:LON
Primary:SYD
Secondary:LON
Secondary:NYC
Secondary:SYD
Secondary:LON
Secondary:SYD

28. Database Management

29. 29
MongoDB Management Service (MMS)
Managed MongoDB on the Infrastructure of Your Choice

30. 30
• Cloud based MMS
or
• On-Prem MMS
• Monitoring
• Backup & Restore
• Automation
– Deployment & Elasticity
– Rolling upgrade/downgrade without downtime
MMS

31. 31
• Continuous low-overhead backup
• Consistent across Shards on different hosts
• Point-in-time recovery
MMS Backup

32. 32
Business Needs Security Features
Authentication
In-database
LDAP
Kerberos
x.509 Certificates
Authorization
Built-in Roles
User-Defined Roles
Field-Level Redaction
Auditing
Admin Operations
Queries (via Partner Solutions)
Encryption
Network: SSL (with FIPS 140-2)
Disk: Partner Solutions
Enterprise-Grade Security

33. 33
help
db.help()
db.stats()
> mongostat
> iostat
Windows: perfmon
Console!

34. 34
> db.serverStatus( { workingSet: 1 } )
…
"workingSet" : {
"note" : "thisIsAnEstimate",
"pagesInMemory" : 378,
"computationTimeMicros" : 4104,
"overSeconds" : 4646
},
stats

35. 35
> mongostat
…
Insert query update delete getmore command flushes mapped vsize res
*0 *0 *0 *0 0 1|0 0 160m 2.75g 5m
*0 *0 *0 *0 0 1|0 0 160m 2.75g 5m
stats

36. Questions?
@m4rcsch - marc@mongodb.com

37. 37
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Documentation docs.mongodb.org
Resource Location

38. @m4rcsch - marc@mongodb.com