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J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Telecommunication
s
Concepts
Chapter 2.1
The Circuit Switched
Telephone Network
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Conten
ts
• The traditional Telephone Network
–Overall structure
–Trunk lines
»Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy
»Synchronous Data Hierarchy
–Exchanges and signaling
–General purpose SDH networks
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Conten
ts
• The traditional Telephone Network
–Overall structure
–Trunk lines
»Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy
»Synchronous Data Hierarchy
–Exchanges and signaling
–General purpose SDH networks
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
PABX
SW
SW
SW
SW
SW
PABX
SW
SW
Analog / Digital
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Some details : Analog telephones on
analog switch
twisted pair, average length 2.5 Km Line
circuit
Analog
switch
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Some details : Analog telephone on
digital switch
twisted pair, average length 2.5 Km Line
circuit
Digital
switch
Digital
Analog
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Some details : ISDN Basic Access
twisted pair, average length 2.5 Km 144Kb/s
modem
Digital
switch
144Kb/s
modem
S bus
2 * 64 Kb/s + 16 Kb/s
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Conten
ts
• The traditional Telephone Network
–Overall structure
–Trunk lines
»Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy
»Synchronous Data Hierarchy
–Exchanges and signaling
–General purpose SDH networks
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Time Domain
Multiplexing
1 0 0 1
0 1 0 1
1 0 0 10 1 0 1
Synchronous
multiplexing
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Trunk Network (CEPT30)
Optical Fiber or Microwave Link
Digital
switch
Digital
switch
n*30*64 Kb/s
n*2048 Kb/s
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Trunk Network (Bell D2)
Digital
switch
Digital
switch
n*23*64 Kb/s
n* 1544 Kb/s
Optical Fiber or Microwave Link
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Some details : ISDN Primary Rate
Digital
switch
2048 Kb/s (CEPT30)
Optical Fiber or Microwave Link
PABX
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Trunk Network
Optical Fiber or Microwave Link
n*30*64 Kb/s
n*2048 Kb/s
Analog
switch
Analog
Digital
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
Trunk Network
Digital
switch
Digital
switch
Optical Fiber or Microwave Link
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Conten
ts
• The traditional Telephone Network
–Overall structure
–Trunk lines
»Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy
»Synchronous Data Hierarchy
–Exchanges and signaling
–General purpose SDH networks
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Synchronous
Multiplexing
of almost synchronous data
flows
D C B AE
S R Q PT
F
EST D C B AR Q P01F
1 Frame
S C
fout > n * MAX(fin)
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Plesiochronous Digital
Hierarchy– Each multiplexed section has its own clock
– Each level of multiplexing has its own clock
– Frame structure from multiplexed signals is not
explicitly present in the multiplexed stream
> Full demultiplexing required at each node !
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Conten
ts
• The traditional Telephone Network
–Overall structure
–Trunk lines
»Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy
»Synchronous Data Hierarchy
–Exchanges and signaling
–General purpose SDH networks
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy
STM-1 STM-1
Up to 63 channels at 2 Mb/s
– The entire trunk network has one clock
– Multiplexed stream based on 125 µS frames
– Different channels can each have their own
asynchronous clock.
– Add-drop multiplexers
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy
SDH - SONET
Data rate CCITT USA-Elec. USA-Opt.
51.84 STS-1 OC-1
155.52 STM-1 STS-3 OC-3
466.56 STM-3 STS-9 OC-9
622.08 STM-4 STS-12 OC-12
933.12 STM-6 STS-18 OC-18
1244.16 STM-8 STS-24 OC-24
1866.24 STM-12 STS-36 OC-36
2488.32 STM-16 STS-48 OC-48
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
SDH
Rings
34 Mb/s 2 Mb/s
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
SDH
Rings
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
SDH
Rings
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
SDH Rings
The Worldcom Belgian
Network
065
060
064
071
057
069
056
051
058
059 050
068
055
054
053
067
02
09 052
03
061
082
084
083
085
063
086
080
010
081
016
019
011
015
014
04
012
087
089013
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
WCOMPOP
LUXEMBOURG
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
SDH
Rings
CUT !
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Conten
ts
• The traditional Telephone Network
–Overall structure
–Trunk lines
»Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy
»Synchronous Data Hierarchy
–Exchanges and signaling
–General purpose SDH networks
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Telephone
Exchange
(Conceptual Model)
Switching
Matrix
Line Circuit
Line Circuit
Line Circuit
Line Circuit
Line Circuit
Control Computer
trunk lines +
Inter-office
signaling
Register
Register
Register
Register
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Signaling system
generations• SS1 - SS5 : Analog call forwarding between exchanges
• SS6 : First digital signaling system
– monolithic communications system (no layers)
– Full mesh of virtual circuits, based on 2400 b/s links
• SS7 : Signaling system for the intelligent network
– uses any digital links, satellites included
– layered, OSI inspired, network architecture
– supports "intelligent network" applications
» Non-geographic numbers (800)
» CLIP, Call forwarding, Conference calls, etc...
» Number portability
» Carrier selection
» Mobility & roaming
• IP ???
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
Network
629
62X
477
538
64X
643
673
Non-geographic Numbering
6234567
6292905
6433180
0800 12345
4776970
6736476
database
0800
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
NetworkNumber portability
Ported
numbers
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
The Telephone
NetworkCarrier selection
• through prefix
• through preselection
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Conten
ts
• The traditional Telephone Network
–Overall structure
–Trunk lines
»Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy
»Synchronous Data Hierarchy
–Exchanges and signaling
• General purpose SDH networks
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
General Purpose SDH
Networks
PABX
PABX
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Bibliography
To know More about
Telephony
Recommended for this chapter
John BELLAMY
Digital Telephony
Second edition
John Wiley, 1991.
ISBN : 0-471-62056-4
J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB
Bibliography
To know More about
SDH
Recommended for this chapter
Mike SEXTON, Andy REID
Transmission Networking:
SONET and the Synchronous
Digital Hierarchy
Artech House, 1992.
ISBN : 0-89006-551-9

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Circuit switch telecommunication network

  • 1. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Telecommunication s Concepts Chapter 2.1 The Circuit Switched Telephone Network
  • 2. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Conten ts • The traditional Telephone Network –Overall structure –Trunk lines »Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy »Synchronous Data Hierarchy –Exchanges and signaling –General purpose SDH networks
  • 3. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Conten ts • The traditional Telephone Network –Overall structure –Trunk lines »Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy »Synchronous Data Hierarchy –Exchanges and signaling –General purpose SDH networks
  • 4. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network PABX SW SW SW SW SW PABX SW SW Analog / Digital
  • 5. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Some details : Analog telephones on analog switch twisted pair, average length 2.5 Km Line circuit Analog switch
  • 6. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Some details : Analog telephone on digital switch twisted pair, average length 2.5 Km Line circuit Digital switch Digital Analog
  • 7. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Some details : ISDN Basic Access twisted pair, average length 2.5 Km 144Kb/s modem Digital switch 144Kb/s modem S bus 2 * 64 Kb/s + 16 Kb/s
  • 8. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Conten ts • The traditional Telephone Network –Overall structure –Trunk lines »Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy »Synchronous Data Hierarchy –Exchanges and signaling –General purpose SDH networks
  • 9. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Time Domain Multiplexing 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 10 1 0 1 Synchronous multiplexing
  • 10. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Trunk Network (CEPT30) Optical Fiber or Microwave Link Digital switch Digital switch n*30*64 Kb/s n*2048 Kb/s
  • 11. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Trunk Network (Bell D2) Digital switch Digital switch n*23*64 Kb/s n* 1544 Kb/s Optical Fiber or Microwave Link
  • 12. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Some details : ISDN Primary Rate Digital switch 2048 Kb/s (CEPT30) Optical Fiber or Microwave Link PABX
  • 13. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Trunk Network Optical Fiber or Microwave Link n*30*64 Kb/s n*2048 Kb/s Analog switch Analog Digital
  • 14. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network Trunk Network Digital switch Digital switch Optical Fiber or Microwave Link
  • 15. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Conten ts • The traditional Telephone Network –Overall structure –Trunk lines »Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy »Synchronous Data Hierarchy –Exchanges and signaling –General purpose SDH networks
  • 16. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Synchronous Multiplexing of almost synchronous data flows D C B AE S R Q PT F EST D C B AR Q P01F 1 Frame S C fout > n * MAX(fin)
  • 17. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy– Each multiplexed section has its own clock – Each level of multiplexing has its own clock – Frame structure from multiplexed signals is not explicitly present in the multiplexed stream > Full demultiplexing required at each node !
  • 18. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Conten ts • The traditional Telephone Network –Overall structure –Trunk lines »Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy »Synchronous Data Hierarchy –Exchanges and signaling –General purpose SDH networks
  • 19. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Synchronous Digital Hierarchy STM-1 STM-1 Up to 63 channels at 2 Mb/s – The entire trunk network has one clock – Multiplexed stream based on 125 µS frames – Different channels can each have their own asynchronous clock. – Add-drop multiplexers
  • 20. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Synchronous Digital Hierarchy SDH - SONET Data rate CCITT USA-Elec. USA-Opt. 51.84 STS-1 OC-1 155.52 STM-1 STS-3 OC-3 466.56 STM-3 STS-9 OC-9 622.08 STM-4 STS-12 OC-12 933.12 STM-6 STS-18 OC-18 1244.16 STM-8 STS-24 OC-24 1866.24 STM-12 STS-36 OC-36 2488.32 STM-16 STS-48 OC-48
  • 21. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB SDH Rings 34 Mb/s 2 Mb/s
  • 24. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB SDH Rings The Worldcom Belgian Network 065 060 064 071 057 069 056 051 058 059 050 068 055 054 053 067 02 09 052 03 061 082 084 083 085 063 086 080 010 081 016 019 011 015 014 04 012 087 089013 WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP WCOMPOP LUXEMBOURG
  • 25. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB SDH Rings CUT !
  • 26. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Conten ts • The traditional Telephone Network –Overall structure –Trunk lines »Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy »Synchronous Data Hierarchy –Exchanges and signaling –General purpose SDH networks
  • 27. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Telephone Exchange (Conceptual Model) Switching Matrix Line Circuit Line Circuit Line Circuit Line Circuit Line Circuit Control Computer trunk lines + Inter-office signaling Register Register Register Register
  • 28. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Signaling system generations• SS1 - SS5 : Analog call forwarding between exchanges • SS6 : First digital signaling system – monolithic communications system (no layers) – Full mesh of virtual circuits, based on 2400 b/s links • SS7 : Signaling system for the intelligent network – uses any digital links, satellites included – layered, OSI inspired, network architecture – supports "intelligent network" applications » Non-geographic numbers (800) » CLIP, Call forwarding, Conference calls, etc... » Number portability » Carrier selection » Mobility & roaming • IP ???
  • 29. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone Network 629 62X 477 538 64X 643 673 Non-geographic Numbering 6234567 6292905 6433180 0800 12345 4776970 6736476 database 0800
  • 30. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone NetworkNumber portability Ported numbers
  • 31. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB The Telephone NetworkCarrier selection • through prefix • through preselection
  • 32. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Conten ts • The traditional Telephone Network –Overall structure –Trunk lines »Plesiochronous Data Hierarchy »Synchronous Data Hierarchy –Exchanges and signaling • General purpose SDH networks
  • 33. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB General Purpose SDH Networks PABX PABX
  • 34. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Bibliography To know More about Telephony Recommended for this chapter John BELLAMY Digital Telephony Second edition John Wiley, 1991. ISBN : 0-471-62056-4
  • 35. J.Tiberghien - VUBJ.Tiberghien - VUB Bibliography To know More about SDH Recommended for this chapter Mike SEXTON, Andy REID Transmission Networking: SONET and the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy Artech House, 1992. ISBN : 0-89006-551-9