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GUIDED BY – Aditya Moktam sir Presented By – Kuldeep Gauliya
BSc. II’nd Sem.
ON THE TOPIC
BIRD MIGRATION
UNIT
#.The migration of birds
• Migration is the yearly, seasonal journey undertaken by many species of birds.
During this journey, birds cover distances of many kilometres.
• The most common types of migration are those carried out by birds in the spring
and the autumn. In the autumn, they travel from breeding grounds in the north to
wintering grounds in the south, and vice versa in the spring.
Breeding grounds
Wintering grounds
Autumn
migration
Spring
migration
• Birds that migrate are called migratory
birds, while birds that remain in one area are
called sedenary birds.
Geese are migratory birds.
A sparrow is an example of a
sedentary bird.
#.The migration of
birds
#.Why do birds migrate?
• Birds depend on the amount of available food in an area to survive and raise their
chicks, so when there is a shortage of food in one area, they move to areas where
more food is available.
• Changes in the amount of available food in certain areas are related to changes in
temperature. These changes occur in different seasons in different regions of the
world.
NORTH
An abundance of food in the summer.
Little available food in
the winter.
SOUTH
Available food all year round.
Spring Autumn
TYPES OF MIGRATION
1. LATTITUDINAL MIGRATION –
It is the movement of the birds
from south to north and its vice versa.
Ex. The American Golden Plover
the several north American and Eurasian birds
cross the Eqauter to spent winter In deeper
and warmer parts of south America and
Africa.
2. ALTITUDINAL MIGRATION
In india a no. of species during
summer migrate from plains to slope
of himalayas scanadian 1000 of feet
above sea level.
Ex. Commen wood cock
3. LONGITUDINAL MIGRATION
Longitudinal or east to west and vice
versa migration also occurs in some
birds.
Ex. Patagonian
4. PARTIAL MIGRATION
In such cases all the birds of a group
of migratory birds do not leave the
native land, visible throughout the
year.
Ex. Finch, Redbreast
5. ERRATIC MIGRATION
Erratic migration occure in great blue
cuckoos.
In such birds after breeding the
adult and the youngmany stray from
there homes.
6. Sessional migration
• It is of three types –
1.climatic migration –
occures due to dailly or seasonal changes in
the climate of the environment.
Migration of DUCKS and GEES.
2. ALIMENTAL MIGRATION
occure as a result of food
or water shortage and may occure at
any time in the year.
3.GAMATIC MIGRATION
It occures for breeding perpose.
Ex. Most of the birds perform
gametic migration.
• Birds that migrate from Africa to Europe to breed in the summer are
called summering or trans-Saharan birds (as they cross the Sahara).
The swallow is a trans-
Saharan bird.
#.Migratory routes
The
Sahara
• Birds like swallows, bee-eaters, storks and birds of prey including black kites,
vultures and common kestrels journey from Africa to the Iberian Peninsula to
spend the summer.
Swallows
Black kite
UNIT
5 #. Migratory routes
#.Interesting
examples• The Arctic tern travels the longest distance of any migratory bird: it journeys from one
pole to another two times a year, covering 40,000 km.
• Over the course of its life, about 26 years, an Arctic tern can travel up to 1 million
kilometres.
Breeding grounds
Wintering grounds
Migratory routes
#.Interesting examples
The white stork provides an example of how the amount of food available affects bird
migration.
• These storks used to come to the Iberian Peninsula to spend the summer and
breed. Then, in the autumn, they migrated to Africa to winter there. However, more
and more storks now winter on the Peninsula.
• This is due to:
• A greater number of rubbish dumps
that provide them with food
throughout the year.
• It is likely that the change is also
related to the higher temperatures
resulting from climate change.
White stork
A summer migratory bird
:- A migratory eagal
Migratory birds migrated
from siberia
Thanx for giving me
such an apportunity

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Bird migration

  • 1. GUIDED BY – Aditya Moktam sir Presented By – Kuldeep Gauliya BSc. II’nd Sem.
  • 2. ON THE TOPIC BIRD MIGRATION
  • 3. UNIT #.The migration of birds • Migration is the yearly, seasonal journey undertaken by many species of birds. During this journey, birds cover distances of many kilometres. • The most common types of migration are those carried out by birds in the spring and the autumn. In the autumn, they travel from breeding grounds in the north to wintering grounds in the south, and vice versa in the spring. Breeding grounds Wintering grounds Autumn migration Spring migration
  • 4. • Birds that migrate are called migratory birds, while birds that remain in one area are called sedenary birds. Geese are migratory birds. A sparrow is an example of a sedentary bird. #.The migration of birds
  • 5. #.Why do birds migrate? • Birds depend on the amount of available food in an area to survive and raise their chicks, so when there is a shortage of food in one area, they move to areas where more food is available. • Changes in the amount of available food in certain areas are related to changes in temperature. These changes occur in different seasons in different regions of the world. NORTH An abundance of food in the summer. Little available food in the winter. SOUTH Available food all year round. Spring Autumn
  • 6. TYPES OF MIGRATION 1. LATTITUDINAL MIGRATION – It is the movement of the birds from south to north and its vice versa. Ex. The American Golden Plover the several north American and Eurasian birds cross the Eqauter to spent winter In deeper and warmer parts of south America and Africa.
  • 7. 2. ALTITUDINAL MIGRATION In india a no. of species during summer migrate from plains to slope of himalayas scanadian 1000 of feet above sea level. Ex. Commen wood cock
  • 8. 3. LONGITUDINAL MIGRATION Longitudinal or east to west and vice versa migration also occurs in some birds. Ex. Patagonian
  • 9. 4. PARTIAL MIGRATION In such cases all the birds of a group of migratory birds do not leave the native land, visible throughout the year. Ex. Finch, Redbreast
  • 10. 5. ERRATIC MIGRATION Erratic migration occure in great blue cuckoos. In such birds after breeding the adult and the youngmany stray from there homes.
  • 11. 6. Sessional migration • It is of three types – 1.climatic migration – occures due to dailly or seasonal changes in the climate of the environment. Migration of DUCKS and GEES.
  • 12. 2. ALIMENTAL MIGRATION occure as a result of food or water shortage and may occure at any time in the year.
  • 13. 3.GAMATIC MIGRATION It occures for breeding perpose. Ex. Most of the birds perform gametic migration.
  • 14. • Birds that migrate from Africa to Europe to breed in the summer are called summering or trans-Saharan birds (as they cross the Sahara). The swallow is a trans- Saharan bird. #.Migratory routes
  • 15. The Sahara • Birds like swallows, bee-eaters, storks and birds of prey including black kites, vultures and common kestrels journey from Africa to the Iberian Peninsula to spend the summer. Swallows Black kite UNIT 5 #. Migratory routes
  • 16. #.Interesting examples• The Arctic tern travels the longest distance of any migratory bird: it journeys from one pole to another two times a year, covering 40,000 km. • Over the course of its life, about 26 years, an Arctic tern can travel up to 1 million kilometres. Breeding grounds Wintering grounds Migratory routes
  • 17. #.Interesting examples The white stork provides an example of how the amount of food available affects bird migration. • These storks used to come to the Iberian Peninsula to spend the summer and breed. Then, in the autumn, they migrated to Africa to winter there. However, more and more storks now winter on the Peninsula. • This is due to: • A greater number of rubbish dumps that provide them with food throughout the year. • It is likely that the change is also related to the higher temperatures resulting from climate change. White stork
  • 19. :- A migratory eagal
  • 21. Thanx for giving me such an apportunity