2. Air is a mixture of GASES.
Atmosphere
Every living thing needs air to breathe. We breathe in Oxygen
present in the air.
The layer of air that surrounds the earth is called an
Atmosphere.
Atmospheric layer is thick near the ground and gets thinner as
we go up.
It is difficult to breathe in thinner air and hence the
mountaineers carry oxygen cylinders while climbing high
mountains like Everest.
4. •Troposphere
It is the lowermost layer of atmosphere where life is there and
whether changes like cloud formation, rain and snowfall etc
takes place. It extends upto about 15 kms from the earth.
•Stratosphere
The layer above Troposphere is called Stratosphere. Generally
planes fly in this region. This region extends upto 35 kms from
Troposphere and the air (ozone layer) is thinner/less dense as
compared to Troposphere. Hence there is oxygen masks facility
available in plane for the person who has breathing problem.
•Mesosphere
Above Stratosphere lies mesosphere where the temperature
begins to fall and is very cold as compared to Troposphere and
Stratosphere.
5. •Thermosphere
Thermosphere has very high temperature as per its name. Space
shuttle orbits in this layer.
It also has layer Ionosphere within it, which makes possible the
radio programmes.
•Exosphere
It is the outermost layer of atmosphere and here the air is
thinnest/most dense.
There is no evidence of any other layer beyond it.
6. Uses
•It helps in recycling water through water-cycle.
•The Ozone layer in the atmosphere (In stratosphere) absorbs
the harmful Ultra-Violet rays of the sun and prevents them from
reaching us. These rays are responsible for the diseases like
cancer and eye problems.
•It provides Oxygen which is necessary for living and also
provides Carbon dioxide necessary for plants to make food.
•It absorbs excessive heat of sun so that earth does not get over-
heated during the day and retains heat at night so that earth
does not freeze.
9. Properties of Air
•Air occupies Space.
•Air has weight.
•Air exerts pressure.
•Air is needed for burning.
•Air is odorless, tasteless and colorless
Experiments to support above properties (Self-Study for
children)
Write experiments with all details (AMAMDOC) including
Aim, Materials, Apparatus, Method, Diagram,
Observation and Conclusion
One Experiment has been written as a sample for you.
10. 1. Balloon experiment
2. Balloon / Ball attached to string and stick
AIM: To show that air has weight
Material: Balloons, Stick, String, Tape
Apparatus: -----
11. Method:
Suspend the stick by attaching a string to the middle of it.
Attach two balloons, one inflated and other deflated at each
end of the stick. Make sure they are at equal distance from
the centre.
Diagram:
12. Observation:
The balloon filled with air will pull down the stick
Conclusion:
Air has weight
3) Glass full of water and covered with cardboard
13. 4) Candle and glass
AIR POLLUTANTS
Dust, Smoke, harmful and poisonous gases from factories,
industries and vehicles are some of the air pollutants.
Smog = Smoke + Fog (In the air makes it difficult for the driver
to drive the vehicles)
14. ACTIVITY
Aryaman wants to fill his dropper with the ink from ink-pot.
He dips dropper into the bottle, presses the dropper and
pulls it out.
Will there be ink in the dropper? WHY?
What should be done to fill the ink in the dropper? WHY?
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