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Pathophysiology of leukocytosis
LEUKOCYTOSIS
 Leukocytosis is white cells (the leukocyte count) above the normal range in the
blood.
 It is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response most commonly the result of
infection, but may also occur following certain parasitic infections or bone
tumors.
 It may also occur after strenuous exercise, convulsions such as epilepsy, emotional
stress, pregnancy and labour, anesthesia
Jegan
TYPES OF LEUKOCYTOSIS
There are five principal types of leukocytosis:
 Neutrophilia (the most common form)
 Eosinophilia
 Basophilia
 Lymphocytosis
 Monocytosis
Jegan
This increase in leukocyte (primarily neutrophils) is usually accompanied by a
"left shift" in the ratio of immature to mature neutrophils.
The proportion of immature leukocytes increases due to proliferation and release
of granulocyte and monocyte precursors in the bone marrow which is stimulated
by several products of inflammation
Jegan
Neutrophilic leukocytosis (Neutrophilia)
Cause of Neutrophilic leukocytosis are
Acute bacterial infections
Inflammation
Tissue necrosis
Myocardial infarction
Burns
Jegan
Eosinophilic leukocytosis (Eosinophilia)
Cause of Eosinophilic leukocytosis are
 Allergic disorders
 Asthma
 Hay fever
 Drug allergies
 Allergic skin diseases
 Parasitic infections
 Systemic autoimmune diseases
Jegan
Basophilic leukocytosis (Basophilia)
Cause of Basophilic leukocytosis is
 Myeloproliferative disease,
e.g. Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Jegan
Monocytosis
Cause of Monocytosis are
Chronic infections
 Tuberculosis
Bacterial endocarditis
Malaria
Inflammatory bowel diseases, e.g. ulcerative colitis
Systemic autoimmune diseases
Jegan
Lymphocytosis
Cause of Lymphocytosis are
Chronic infections
Tuberculosis
Brucellosis
Viral infections
Hepatitis
Cytomegalovirus infection
Pertussis
Jegan
SYMPTOMS
The following are common symptoms:
 Fever.
 Bleeding or bruising.
 Feeling weak, tired, or sick.
 Feeling dizzy, faint, or sweaty.
 Pain or tingling in your arms, legs, or abdomen.
 Trouble breathing, thinking, or seeing.
 Losing weight without trying, or a poor appetite.
Jegan
DIAGNOSIS
Complete Blood Count
Jegan
Pathophysiology of leukocytosis

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Pathophysiology of leukocytosis

  • 2. LEUKOCYTOSIS  Leukocytosis is white cells (the leukocyte count) above the normal range in the blood.  It is frequently a sign of an inflammatory response most commonly the result of infection, but may also occur following certain parasitic infections or bone tumors.  It may also occur after strenuous exercise, convulsions such as epilepsy, emotional stress, pregnancy and labour, anesthesia Jegan
  • 3. TYPES OF LEUKOCYTOSIS There are five principal types of leukocytosis:  Neutrophilia (the most common form)  Eosinophilia  Basophilia  Lymphocytosis  Monocytosis Jegan
  • 4. This increase in leukocyte (primarily neutrophils) is usually accompanied by a "left shift" in the ratio of immature to mature neutrophils. The proportion of immature leukocytes increases due to proliferation and release of granulocyte and monocyte precursors in the bone marrow which is stimulated by several products of inflammation Jegan
  • 5. Neutrophilic leukocytosis (Neutrophilia) Cause of Neutrophilic leukocytosis are Acute bacterial infections Inflammation Tissue necrosis Myocardial infarction Burns Jegan
  • 6. Eosinophilic leukocytosis (Eosinophilia) Cause of Eosinophilic leukocytosis are  Allergic disorders  Asthma  Hay fever  Drug allergies  Allergic skin diseases  Parasitic infections  Systemic autoimmune diseases Jegan
  • 7. Basophilic leukocytosis (Basophilia) Cause of Basophilic leukocytosis is  Myeloproliferative disease, e.g. Chronic myelogenous leukemia Jegan
  • 8. Monocytosis Cause of Monocytosis are Chronic infections  Tuberculosis Bacterial endocarditis Malaria Inflammatory bowel diseases, e.g. ulcerative colitis Systemic autoimmune diseases Jegan
  • 9. Lymphocytosis Cause of Lymphocytosis are Chronic infections Tuberculosis Brucellosis Viral infections Hepatitis Cytomegalovirus infection Pertussis Jegan
  • 10. SYMPTOMS The following are common symptoms:  Fever.  Bleeding or bruising.  Feeling weak, tired, or sick.  Feeling dizzy, faint, or sweaty.  Pain or tingling in your arms, legs, or abdomen.  Trouble breathing, thinking, or seeing.  Losing weight without trying, or a poor appetite. Jegan