9. Intervertebral Disc The intervertebral disc is a jelly like substance, which consists of annulus fibrosis and the nucleus pulposus . Acts as a shock absorber.
10.
11. Ligaments Ligaments are fibrous bands or sheets of connective tissue. They link two or more bones, cartilages, or structures together.
12. Muscles Muscles attach to the spinal column, pelvis, and extremities. They serve to support the spine
21. Disc Herniation Stages of Disc Herniation 1 Disc Degeneration Chemical changes associated with aging causes discs to weaken, but without a herniation. 2 Prolapse The form or position of the disc changes with some slight impingement into the spinal canal. Also called a bulge or protrusion. 3 Extrusion The gel-like nucleus pulposus breaks through the tire-like wall (annulus fibrosus) but remains within the disc. 4 Sequestration or Sequestered Disc The nucleus pulposus breaks through the annulus fibrosus and lies outside the disc in the spinal canal.
41. Surgery In some cases surgery is necessary, more often it is not necessary. Another 6-8 weeks of physiotherapy, at 3 to 5 times per week. Lower rate of success, dependent - Pain - Increased danger from anesthetic - Increased danger from possible infections - Possible post operation complications (eg pneumonia, DVT, delayed union/nonunion, spinal cord injury) - Noticeable scars Prolonged recovery time, generally 6 to 8 weeks
42. Prevention of Neck & Back Pain PREVENTION IS BETTER THAN CURE!
61. THANK YOU Presented By: Michelle Kwong B.HSci(Phty), MSPA, Cert. Clinical Pilates Principal Physiotherapist Practice Director World Malayali Club http://groups.yahoo.com/group/worldmalayaliclub/