Socioliguitics: William Labov

Outline ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Labov: Background and Assumption ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Characteristics of the Labovian Approach.

Labov in His Historical Context ,[object Object],[object Object],William Dwight Whitney (1827- 1894) Antoine Meillet (1866- 1936) André Martinet (1908- 1999) Uriel Weinreich 1926- 1967 William Labov 1927 Among others, he reacted against the view that linguistics was to be ranked among the natural, not the social, siences. « Speech is not a personal possession, but a social; it belongs, not to the individual, but to the member of the society » (Saussure quoting Witney) During his years in Paris, Saussure’s most distinguished student was Antoine Meillet . Meillet had Martinet as his student. In USA, Martinet had Weinreich as his student (1948- 1955) Labov was much indebted and influenced by his teacher Weinreich

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Labov’s Contribution to Dialectology ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Martha’s Vineyard Case Study ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Social Stratification of /r/ in N.Y.C ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Labov 2006: 48 Casual Speech Emphatic Speech Highest-ranking: Saks Fifth Avenue Middle-ranking: Macy’s Lowest-ranking: Klein ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Labov and Waletzky’s Model of Narrative ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

(Elliott 2005: 42) ,[object Object],[object Object],The Element Explanation Abstract The introductory part of the narrative A brief summary of the event to spark attention. Orientation Description ofthe people or characters who will interact in the story. Complication Action The actual events of the narrative. The occurrences that move it ahead. Evaluation The point, or reason, the narrative is being told. Resolution Conclusion; end of the narrative Coda Relevance of the narrative to every-day life

a . When I was in fourth grade- no , in third grade-This boy he stole my glove. c. He took my glove d. and said that his father found it downtown on the ground. (And you fight him?) e. I told him that it was impossible for him to find downtown ‘cause all those people were walking by and just his father was the only one that found it? f. So he got all (mad). g. Then I fought him. h. I knocked him all out in the street. i. So he say he give. j. and I kept on hitting him. k. Then he started crying l. and ran home to his father. m. And the father told him n. that he ain’t find no glove. Evaluation is present in every line in the narrative. Evaluation= self-aggrandizement. Norris = Good / This boy= bad. (Labov 1972) Evaluation: Self-aggrandizement Resolution

Evaluation of the Labov’s Contribution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Criticism of Labov’s Contribution ,[object Object],[object Object]

Conclusion ,[object Object],Thanks to Labov, linguistics is no longer that useless knowledge; it has become useful enough to save an innocent prisoner.

References ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Socioliguitics: William Labov

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