The document provides an overview of prehistoric and ancient art from various regions around the world, beginning with Paleolithic cave paintings dated to around 15,000 BCE. It then discusses the art of ancient civilizations like the Sumerians, Egyptians, Minoans, Mycenaeans, and others, focusing on materials, styles, religious and cultural influences. Major art forms included sculpture, architecture like pyramids and temples, and carved reliefs depicting rulers, gods, and important events. Styles ranged from naturalistic to highly stylized depending on the culture and time period.

1. The Art of the Ancients Prehistoric Art Art of the Ancient Near East Egyptian Art Aegean Art

5. Hall of Bulls, Lascaux (Dordogne), France (Upper Paleolithic, c. 15,000–10,000 BCE).

6. Schematic plan of Lascaux Cave system (based on a diagram by the Service de l'Architecture, Paris)

7. Title : Chinese Horse . Lascaux Cave. Dordogne, France Artist : n/a Date : ca. 15,000-13,000 BCE. Source/ Museum: n/a Medium : n/a Size : n/a

8. Title : Rhinoceros, Wounded Man and Bison . Lascaux Cave. Dordogne, France Artist : n/a Date : ca. 15,000-13,000 BCE. Source/ Museum: n/a Medium : n/a Size : n/a

9. Title : Spotted horses and Human Hands . Pech-Merle Cave. Dordogne, France Artist : n/a Date : Horses ca. 16,000 BCE; Hands ca. 15,000 BCE. Source/ Museum: n/a Medium : limestone Size : approximate length 11'2" (3.4 m)

10. Title : Two Bison . Tuc d'Audoubert Cave, Ariège, France Artist : n/a Date : ca. 13,000 BCE Source/ Museum: n/a Medium : clay Size : length 23 5/8" (60 cm)

11. Venus of Willendorf (Upper Paleolithic) (c. 25,000 BCE). Stone. H: 4 3⁄8 ” .

14. Dolmen, Megalithic. Donegal, Ireland

15. Stonehenge, Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England (Neolithic, c. 1800 – 1400 BCE).

16. Title : Stonehenge (aerial view), Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England Artist : n/a Date : ca. 2100 BCE. Source/ Museum : n/a Medium : n/a Size : diameter of circle 97' (29.6 m)

17. Title : Diagram of original arrangement of stones at Stonehenge Artist : n/a Date : n/a Source/ Museum : n/a Medium : n/a Size : n/a

20. White temple at Uruk and Ziggurat (Sumer, c. 3200 - 3000 BCE). Sun dried brick.

21. Statues from Abu Temple, Tel Asmar (Sumerian, Early Dynasty period, c. 2900–2600 BCE). Marble with shell and black limestone inlay. Height of tallest figures: 30 ” .

23. Victory Stele of Narim Sin (c. 2300 – 2200 BCE). Stone H 6’6”.

25. Stele (upper portion) inscribed with the Law Code of Hammurabi, at Susa (Babylonian, c. 1760 BCE). Diorite. H: 7 ’ 4 ” (225 cm).

27. The Dying Lioness, from Nineveh (Assyrian, 660 BCE). Limestone. H: 13 3⁄4 ” .

35. Great Pyramids at Giza (Egyptian, Old Kingdom, c. 2570–2500 BCE).

38. Mortuary Temple of Queen Hatshepsut, Thebes (Egyptian, New Kingdom, c. 1480 BCE).

40. Pillar statue of Akhenaton (Egyptian, New Kingdom,c. 1356 BCE). Sandstone, painted.

41. Bust of Queen Nefertiti (Egyptian, New Kingdom, c. 1344 BCE). Limestone. H: approx. 20 ” .

43. Coffin of Tutankhamen (c. 1323 BCE). Gold.

48. Cycladic idol, from Amorgos (c. 2500–1100 BCE). Marble. H: 30 ” .

50. Queen’s bedroom in Palace at Knossos (Late Minoan, c. 1500 BCE).

52. Figure 13.21, p.292: Lion Gate at Mycenae (c. 1300 BCE). Height of sculpture above lintel: 9 ’ 6 1⁄2 ” . Architecture

54. The Treasury of Atreus (Mycenaean, c. 1300–1250 BCE).

56. Funerary mask, from Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece (c. 1600–1500 BCE). Beaten gold. H: 12 ” .