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OS mélange




              
 
What does an OS do ?

        Resource control/sharing
    ●



        Resource Policing
    ●



        Lower layer abstraction
    ●



        Mechanism Vs Policy
    ●




                                    
 
OS Tit-bits

        Preemptive Multitasking vs Cooperative
    ●


        Multitasking
        OS API vs OS Implementation
    ●



        Microkernel Vs Monolithic Kernels
    ●



        Hardware based isolation aka Address
    ●


        spaces
        Posix – Portable Operating System
    ●


        Interface for Unix

                                       
 
Microkernel OS Structure



    Severs   Servers              File System       Drivers



                        Kernel




                       Hardware


                                                 
 
HURD

        Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing
    ●


        Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' stands for
        `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth'
        GNU's dream OS, started dev in 1990
    ●



        Used the MACH microkernel
    ●



        Due to MACH's Performance woes,they
    ●


        have moved over to L4 very recently
        Microkernel Approach
    ●




                                       
 
HURD

        HURD development never finished
    ●



        Linux became too popular, most of the
    ●


        GNU work done came to be used in the
        Linux Operating System.
        Purist insist on calling such systems GNU/
    ●


        Linux




                                       
 
L4

        MACH, the pioneer of the Microkernel
    ●


        idea had miserable performance
        Extremely low memory footprint
    ●



        FAST !
    ●



        Highly optimised
    ●



        Due to its small size, efforts are on to
    ●


        prove its correctness formally L4.Sec
        Project

                                         
 
BEOS Screen shot




                    
 
BEOS

        Made in 1991 by BE Inc
    ●



        Initially ran on ATT hardware
    ●



        Ported to Power PC in hope Apple would
    ●


        buy them, but Apple instead went for
        NextStep
        Failed commercially
    ●



        Band of loyal supporters have tried to a
    ●


        complete re-implementation of the BEOS
        API in “Haiku”
                                         
 
Singularity


        Microsoft Research project
    ●



        Radically different approach
    ●



        Software based Isolation
    ●



        Entire OS written in C#, which is a safe,
    ●


        managed language
        There is just one Address space, isolation
    ●


        is guaranteed by maintaining invariants in
        terms of “no cross references” etc

                                        
 
Guess the operating
system ??




                       
 
React OS – Windows Done
Right

        Clean room re-engineering of windows
    ●


        API
        GPL
    ●



        Under heavy development
    ●



        Currently undergoing a phase of self audit
    ●


        to ensure complete legality



                                       
 
Syllable

        Hobbyist OS gone big
    ●



        99% POSIX compliant
    ●



        Only for x86
    ●



        Incredibly responsive and fast boot up
    ●


            8 second bootup
        –

            2 second login
        –




                                       
 
Future Directions

        Web Only operating systems
    ●


            Google OS ??
        –

        Virtual Machine based approach
    ●


            Simulate multiple machines on your machine,
        –
            run whatever OS you fancy on each of them
            (Xen, VMware)




                                           
 
Other Notables

        OS2/Warp
    ●



        FreeBsd
    ●



        Minix
    ●




                    
 
Images

        Linux Logo: http://www.linux.org/info/logos.html
    ●



        GNU Logo: http://www.gnu.org/
    ●



        FreeBSD logo: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD
    ●



        L4 Pistachio Logo:http://l4ka.org/projects/pistachio/
    ●



        Hurd logo: http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd.html
    ●



        Syllable logo: http://www.osnews.com/story.php?news_id=7900
    ●



        BEOS Snapshot: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeOS
    ●



        ReactOS Snapshot: http://www.reactos.org/en/index.html
    ●




                                                            
 

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OS Mélange

  • 1. OS mélange    
  • 2. What does an OS do ? Resource control/sharing ● Resource Policing ● Lower layer abstraction ● Mechanism Vs Policy ●    
  • 3. OS Tit-bits Preemptive Multitasking vs Cooperative ● Multitasking OS API vs OS Implementation ● Microkernel Vs Monolithic Kernels ● Hardware based isolation aka Address ● spaces Posix – Portable Operating System ● Interface for Unix    
  • 4. Microkernel OS Structure Severs Servers File System Drivers Kernel Hardware    
  • 5. HURD Hurd' stands for `Hird of Unix-Replacing ● Daemons'. And, then, `Hird' stands for `Hurd of Interfaces Representing Depth' GNU's dream OS, started dev in 1990 ● Used the MACH microkernel ● Due to MACH's Performance woes,they ● have moved over to L4 very recently Microkernel Approach ●    
  • 6. HURD HURD development never finished ● Linux became too popular, most of the ● GNU work done came to be used in the Linux Operating System. Purist insist on calling such systems GNU/ ● Linux    
  • 7. L4 MACH, the pioneer of the Microkernel ● idea had miserable performance Extremely low memory footprint ● FAST ! ● Highly optimised ● Due to its small size, efforts are on to ● prove its correctness formally L4.Sec Project    
  • 9. BEOS Made in 1991 by BE Inc ● Initially ran on ATT hardware ● Ported to Power PC in hope Apple would ● buy them, but Apple instead went for NextStep Failed commercially ● Band of loyal supporters have tried to a ● complete re-implementation of the BEOS API in “Haiku”    
  • 10. Singularity Microsoft Research project ● Radically different approach ● Software based Isolation ● Entire OS written in C#, which is a safe, ● managed language There is just one Address space, isolation ● is guaranteed by maintaining invariants in terms of “no cross references” etc    
  • 12. React OS – Windows Done Right Clean room re-engineering of windows ● API GPL ● Under heavy development ● Currently undergoing a phase of self audit ● to ensure complete legality    
  • 13. Syllable Hobbyist OS gone big ● 99% POSIX compliant ● Only for x86 ● Incredibly responsive and fast boot up ● 8 second bootup – 2 second login –    
  • 14. Future Directions Web Only operating systems ● Google OS ?? – Virtual Machine based approach ● Simulate multiple machines on your machine, – run whatever OS you fancy on each of them (Xen, VMware)    
  • 15. Other Notables OS2/Warp ● FreeBsd ● Minix ●    
  • 16. Images Linux Logo: http://www.linux.org/info/logos.html ● GNU Logo: http://www.gnu.org/ ● FreeBSD logo: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FreeBSD ● L4 Pistachio Logo:http://l4ka.org/projects/pistachio/ ● Hurd logo: http://www.gnu.org/software/hurd/hurd.html ● Syllable logo: http://www.osnews.com/story.php?news_id=7900 ● BEOS Snapshot: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BeOS ● ReactOS Snapshot: http://www.reactos.org/en/index.html ●