2. Pre- eclampsiaPre- eclampsia ImpendingImpending EclampsiaEclampsia
It is a disease of pregnancy characterized byIt is a disease of pregnancy characterized by
• BP 140/ 90 or more.BP 140/ 90 or more.
• After 20 week gestational age.After 20 week gestational age.
• In previous normotensive pt.In previous normotensive pt.
• Reading taken twice at interval 6 hours.Reading taken twice at interval 6 hours.
•Exclude other causes of 2.ry hypertensionExclude other causes of 2.ry hypertension
(ACDEPR)(ACDEPR)
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4. DBP110 or moreDBP110 or more
Increase in SBP by 30 mmHgIncrease in SBP by 30 mmHg
Increase in DBP by 15mmHgIncrease in DBP by 15mmHg
2 read of MABP 105 or more OR increase by 202 read of MABP 105 or more OR increase by 20
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But diagnosis can be by:But diagnosis can be by:
This condition is associated with significantThis condition is associated with significant
protienuriaprotienuria
5. ??????
Not related to the fetus or uterusNot related to the fetus or uterus
Failure of placentationFailure of placentation
Abnormal lipid metabolismAbnormal lipid metabolism
Decrease CaDecrease Ca++++
in dietin diet
All pathogenesis due to vasospasm & endothelial dysfunction
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Aetiology:Aetiology:
6. Risk facctors:
Primigravida
age
Past history
Change the husband
Condition in which
placenta enlarge
Pre-existing disease
Low socioeconomic
Risk factor decrease :
Smokers
Prolong exposure to
paternal antigen
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8. INCIDENCE & EPIDEMIOLOGYINCIDENCE & EPIDEMIOLOGY
Occur in 5-10% pregnancyOccur in 5-10% pregnancy
Death about 2% in UKDeath about 2% in UK
Death increase in Eclampsia which occur inDeath increase in Eclampsia which occur in
intrapartum &post partum due to:intrapartum &post partum due to:
-Relax of observation during these period-Relax of observation during these period
-Increase in release of pathogenic factor-Increase in release of pathogenic factor
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9. PRE-ECLAMPSIAPRE-ECLAMPSIA
Symptoms:Symptoms: may bemay be
AsymptomaticAsymptomatic
HeadacheHeadache
Visual disturbanceVisual disturbance
Epigastric painEpigastric pain
oedemaoedema
Sign:Sign: may bemay be
High BPHigh BP
Fluid retensionFluid retension
Brisk reflexsBrisk reflexs
Fundel level less thanFundel level less than
datedate
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12. CLINICAL FEATURECLINICAL FEATURE
it is grand mal convulsion which pass throughit is grand mal convulsion which pass through
stages of:stages of:
1.1. Tonic contractionTonic contraction
2.2. ClonicClonic
3.3. ComaComa
Usually take about 60-90 seconds.Usually take about 60-90 seconds.
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13. EDEN’S CRITERIA OF SEVERITYEDEN’S CRITERIA OF SEVERITY
Coma take 6 hours or moreComa take 6 hours or more
SBP reach 200 mmHgSBP reach 200 mmHg
Tm 39 or moreTm 39 or more
Pulse rate 120/minPulse rate 120/min
RR 40/minRR 40/min
2 fits or more2 fits or more
All this can end in maternal brain deathAll this can end in maternal brain death
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15. MANAGMENTSMANAGMENTS
Aim of it :Aim of it :
1-maintain patent airways1-maintain patent airways
2-prevents the fits2-prevents the fits
3-terminate the pregnancy3-terminate the pregnancy
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16. 1.1. Usually unnecessary to try to stop the initialUsually unnecessary to try to stop the initial
convulsion which usually last about 60-90convulsion which usually last about 60-90
secondsseconds
2.2. IV Diazepam slowly 5mg over 1 minIV Diazepam slowly 5mg over 1 min
3.3. 3. Roll the patient on his left side to avoid3. Roll the patient on his left side to avoid
maternal injurymaternal injury
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17. 4. Apply Suction to the secretion from her mouth4. Apply Suction to the secretion from her mouth
5. Adequate Oxygen should be maintained by face5. Adequate Oxygen should be maintained by face
mask & airways to prevent swallowing of tonguemask & airways to prevent swallowing of tongue
6. Prevent further convulsions by MgSO6. Prevent further convulsions by MgSO44 by IVby IV
bolus of 4 – 6 g over 15 min. If convulsion recurbolus of 4 – 6 g over 15 min. If convulsion recur
further bolus of 2g.further bolus of 2g.
7. Acidosis should be corrected if necessary by IV7. Acidosis should be corrected if necessary by IV
NaHCONaHCO33
8. SBP 170 mmHg or more, DBP 110 mmHg is risk8. SBP 170 mmHg or more, DBP 110 mmHg is risk
factor for CVA so should be lowered by eitherfactor for CVA so should be lowered by either
Nifedipine 10 – 20 mg SL. Or Hydrallazine 5mgNifedipine 10 – 20 mg SL. Or Hydrallazine 5mg
followed by infusion.followed by infusion.
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19. 1.Assessment of state of fetus (U/S,1.Assessment of state of fetus (U/S,
Doppler CTG)Doppler CTG)
2.either : - Deliver the baby regardless2.either : - Deliver the baby regardless
of the gestational ageof the gestational age
intense monitoring maternal health inintense monitoring maternal health in
hope of improvement fetalhope of improvement fetal
outcome by increase gestationaloutcome by increase gestational
age.age.
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20. It is attention to fluid balance , BP , RenalIt is attention to fluid balance , BP , Renal
& Hepatic function & CNS& Hepatic function & CNS
1.More aggressive control of BP1.More aggressive control of BP
2.MgSO2.MgSO44 maintained for 48 hrs at 1g/hr ivmaintained for 48 hrs at 1g/hr iv
3.Subcutaneous heparin prophylaxis3.Subcutaneous heparin prophylaxis
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21. 2.permanent CNS damage2.permanent CNS damage
3.Intracranial haemorrhage3.Intracranial haemorrhage
4.Renal failure4.Renal failure
5.Death5.Death
1.During the fit1.During the fit
tounge bittingtounge bitting
head traumahead trauma
bone #bone #
AspirationAspiration
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