The document discusses osteoporosis, which is a reduction in bone mass and density. It describes the pathogenesis and types of osteoporosis. Risk factors include things like menopause, genetics, lifestyle, and certain medical conditions or medications. Bone density is measured using techniques like DEXA scans to diagnose osteoporosis. Management involves reducing risk factors, nutritional supplementation, exercise, and pharmacological therapies like bisphosphonates or parathyroid hormone. Spinal compression fractures can occur due to osteoporosis and present with back pain. Diagnosis involves imaging and treatment focuses on pain relief, bracing, or vertebroplasty.

1. Osteoporosis

2. Vertebral column

3. Vertebrae

5. Osteoporosis