2. by
Pg scholar,
dept. of prasuti and
stree roga,
Dr BRKR Govt
Ayurvedic college,
Hyderabad.Guided by
Reader,
dept. of prasuti and stree roga,
Dr BRKR Govt Ayurvedic college,
Hyderabad.
3. Contraception is defined as the prevention of
conception by other methods other than abstinence from
coitus.
Contraceptives are the drugs or measures used by
either sex to prevent conception following coitus both
temporary and permanent.
The Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) is
conducting research since 1966 to identify a good herbal
contraceptive.
Ayurvedic Contraceptive drug research institute,
Ahmadabad, (CCRAS) is a also conducting research in
these lines.
7. Pippali (Piper longum):
•The root powder of Pippali at a dose of 100mg/kg showed 100%
anti fertility effect when administered at 6th to 9th day pregnancy
in female albino rats, the waxy alkaloid of Pippali is proved to be
most effective anti implantation agent.
•When 200mg/day of aqueous extract of berries was tested in 56
fertile women from 5th day of menstrual cycle for 10 days, it
showed temporary contraceptive effect.
Vidanga (Embelia ribes):
•Benzene extract of flower at100mg/kg exhibited post coital anti fertility
activity in 80% of treated female rats.
Japa (Hibiscus rosa sinensis):
Nimba (Azadirachta indica):
•Anti flagellate activity of neem extract helped for the spermistatic
activity.
•Neem seed oil has been reported to possess strong spermicidal
activity against rhesus monkey and human spermatozoa within 30
seconds of mixing with semen.
8. Sirisha (Albezzia lebbeck):
•Seeds of sirisha in a dose of 200mg/kg inhibits ovulation in 60% of
experimental animals. Seed saponins are used for anti fertility pessaries.
•Methanolic extract of plant shows significant anti implantation
effect and prevents pregnancy.
Apamarga (Achyranthes aspera):
Palasha (Butea monosperma):
•Alcoholic extract of seeds prevented pregnancy in rats at a dose of
300mg/kg on day 1 to day 4 of pregnancy.
Bhunimba (Andrographis paniculata):
•Dry leaf powder when administered at a dose of 20mg/day/rat resulted
in cessation of spermatogenesis.
•Gossypol when used in human showed anti spermatogenic effect and
reduction in sperm motility.
karpasa (Gossypium herbaceum):
9. 1.Calotropis procera Anti ovulatory activity
2.Achranthes aspera Anti Ovulatory activity
3.piper longum Anti fertility activity
4.Aloe barbedensis Anti fertility activity
5. Azadirachta indica Reduces implantation sites in healthy
uterus.
6.Plumbago rosea Feto toxic activity
7.Adathoda vasica Anti implantation activity
8.Ricinus communis Anti fertility activity
9.Woodfordia fructicosa Anti implantation activity
10.Annona squamosa Anti implantation activity
SOME OTHER FEMALE CONTRACEPTIVES:
10. 1.Gossypium herbaceum Anti spermatogenic, decreases serum
testosterone levels and LH levels.
2.Aloe barbedensis Spermistatic, Spermiolytic.
3.Carica papaya Suppreses cauda epidydimal sperm
motility.
4.Andrographis paniculata Anti spermatogenic, Anti androgenic.
5.Embelia ribes Spermicidal, effects sperm motility,
Anti androgenic.
6.Abrus precatorius Post testicular anti fertility effects
7.Terminalia bellerica Spermicidal action
8.Calotropis procera Anti spermatogenic activity,
Leydig cell atrophy
9.Gloriosa superb Shrinkage of seminiferous tubules
and leydig cells.
10.Sapindus trifoliatus Adverse effects on spermatogenesis.
SOME OTHER MALE CONTRACEPTIVES:
11. COMPOUND FORMULATIONS WITH
PROVEN CONTRACEPTIVE EFFECT
•Another compound formulation named AC 4 which consists of Saraca indica,
Areca catechu, Laccardia lacca, Embelia ribes is studied by CCRAS in 281
fertile female volunteers with active sexual life with a dose of 500mg BD is
given from 4th day to 18th day of cycle has shown moderately encouraging
result. There was no pregnancy due to drug failure after 10th cycle.
•Clinical trials were conducted with Vidangadi yoga (a herbal preparation
containing Embelia ribes seeds, Hibiscus rosa-sinensis flowers and Ferula
foetida oleo-gum resin) for its anti fertility activity. The drug was found to be
very effective and showed no toxic effects.
•Powders of Vidanga and Tankana in a dose of 2 gm twice a day, after meals,
were administered in 150 fertile women for 6 months. 58 % of women were
benefitted who followed the medication for six months continuously and no
pregnancy was recorded for 2 years of follow-up.
12. A classical oral contraceptive
compound with equal quantity
of piper longum, Embelia
ribes, Borax in a dose of
500mg/ BD every day inspite of
menstruation and ovulation
when given to 722 fertile female
volunteers around the age group
of 20-34 years and studied for
1117 cycles has shown 100%
anti fertility activity with 0.00
pearl Index.
But, in the later works this
formulation is said to have
failure rate.
13. These herbal drugs in female (hydrophilic as well as lipophilic),
can traverse paracellularly through the vaginal mucosa and show its
efficacy as contraceptive, by
• Altering the vaginal PH,
• may bring changes in the cervical mucus and act locally.
•Alter decidual embedding, and act as anti implantation agent.
• may inhibit propulsion of sperm in the fallopian tubes by altering
tubal mechanism,
• ovulation inhibition, acting as anti ovulation agents or may act
on hormones.
If male factor is considered,
• they may be spermistatic,
• Spermicidal when used intravaginally
•Inhibit spermatogenesis
•Or act on male hormones when used orally
14. •krimighna(~wormicidal) like
Palasha(Butea monosperma),
Vidanga(Embelia ribes),
Sirisha(Albezzia lebbeck)
Upavishas(~poisonous plants) like
Gunja (Abrus precatorius),
Arka (Calotropis procera).
•Garbhapatakas(~Feto toxic) like
Indravaruni
(Citrullus colocynthis),
Arishtaka(Sapindus trifoliates).
15. •Garbhanirodhakas(~Anti fertility) like
Japa(Hibiscus rosa sinensis),
Talisapatra(Abbies webbiana).
Artava pravartakas(~Drugs indicated in
amenorrhoea) like Kumari(Aloe barbedensis),
Kasisa, Hingu(Ferula foetida).
•Apara patana dravyas(~Drugs indicated
in adherent placenta)
like Langali (Gloriosa superb),
madanaphala (Randia dumatorum).
