This document provides a comprehensive overview of osteoarthritis, including its definition, causes, risk factors, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment options, self-care strategies, and the role of yoga and complementary therapies. It describes how osteoarthritis results from the breakdown of cartilage in joints, most often affecting the hands, spine, knees and hips. Risk factors include age, genetics, injury and obesity. Treatments include medications, exercise, weight control, and in some cases surgery.

1. Dr. Shamanthakamani Narendran OSTEOARTHRITIS M.D. (Pead), Ph.D. (Yoga Science)

12. Osteoarthritis most often occurs in the hands (at the ends of the fingers and thumbs), spine (neck and lower back), knees, and hips. What Areas Does Osteoarthritis Affect?

13. In osteoarthritis, disks narrow and spurs form. Where bone surfaces rub together (facets), cartilage becomes worn and may be painful. Osteoarthritis of the spine

14. The hip joint on the left is normal, but the hip joint on the right shows deterioration of cartilage due to osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis of the hip

22. Knee replacement surgery can repair damage from osteoarthritis and other inflammatory conditions. The artificial joint has metal alloy caps for the thighbone and shinbone and high-density plastic to replace eroded cartilage within the joint and on the kneecap. Knee replacement

26. Gradual deterioration of cartilage that occurs in osteoarthritis is the most common reason for hip replacement surgery. Implanting an artificial joint eliminates pain and restores near-normal movement Hip replacement

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