3. Circumcision
• Brit Milah - Hebrews
• Circoncision - French
• Katsurei - Japanese
• Hallae - Korean
• Tuli - Filipino
• Cua paw phe - Chinese
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4. Circumcision
• Where did it begin .
• Religion and faith.
• Medical indications .
• Opponents /proponents .
• Medical societies .
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5. Where and when ?
• 10,000 (?) BC: Aboriginal tribes introduce
circumcision of boys as puberty rite
• 6000 (?) BC: Circumcision was practiced as
puberty rite by tribes in north-eastern African
and Arabian peninsula
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6. History of Circumcision
• Egypt
– Depicted in tombs (2300
B.C.)
– Mummies were
circumcised
– First depicted operation
• Captured warriors were
often mutilated AAPS Fukuoka 2016
10. US Army report
General John Patton
• World War II 150,000 soldiers were
hospitalized for foreskin problems due to
inadequate hygiene
• “Time and money could have been saved had
prophylactic circumcision been performed before
the men were shipped overseas”
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11. On the other side
Foreskin was beneficial in
savannah-wandering or
cave-dwelling ancestors
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13. The covenant : Torah
the old testament
A covenant is made between God and Abraham
that God would make Abraham a rich and
powerful man and the father of a great
nation, and in return, Abraham's people
would adhere to a certain way of life
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Judaism
14. Religious Circumcision: Jewish View
– A Mitzvah
(commandment)
– In the Talmud: whole
glans uncovered when
penis is flaccid
– Performed by a Mohel
• Metzitzah performed
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17. Christianity
• The Early Church ( the Council of Jerusalem) decided that
circumcision is not required for Gentile Christians.
• The Council of Florence in the 15th century] prohibited
it.
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18. Luther and Calvin.
• the spiritual circumcision of the heart
• the physical circumcision of the foreskin.
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Christian philosophy
21. Religious Circumcision: Muslim
View
• Word for circumcision is
an ancient Arabic word
• “Sunnah” : Prophet’s
tradition
• “Tahara” : Procedure for
cleanliness
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29. 20th Century
• In 1932, Wolbarst
• penile cancer virtually never
occurred in circumcised men
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30. Medical indications
• The Lancet 1999 editorial
• mass circumcision in Africa to prevent
spread of HIV-AIDS
• WHO 2002 Male foreskin increases risk
of cervical cancer in women which lead to
demand for universal male circumcision
• UTI is significantly lower in circumcised
boys (2008)
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