SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 46
Descargar para leer sin conexión
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.com
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
According to American Nursing
Association,
“Community health nursing is a synthesis of nursing practice
and public health practice applied in promoting and preserving
the health of populations. the nature of this practice is general
and comprehensive. it is not limited to a particular age or
diagnostic group. It is continuous and not episodic. The
dominant responsibility is to the population as a whole”
Definition
Therefore Nursing directed to individuals,
families or groups contributes to the health
of the total population. Health promotion,
health maintenance, health education,
coordination and continuity of care are
utilized in a holistic approach to the
management of the individual, family group
and community. The nurse’s actions
acknowledge the need for comprehensive
health planning, recognize the influences of
social and ecological issues, give attention to
populations at risk and utilize dynamic forces
which influence change.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Philosophy of CHN
 Philosophy of individual’s right of being
healthy
 Philosophy of working together under a
competent leader for the common good.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Philosophy of CHN
 Philosophy that people in the community
have the potential for continual
development and are capable of dealing
with their own problems if educated and
helped.
 Philosophy of Socialism.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Aims of CHN
Aims:
 The aim of community health nursing
practice is to promote health and
efficiency
 To prevent and control diseases and
disabilities.
 To prolong life by providing need based,
well balanced comprehensive health
care services to community at large
through organized community efforts.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Objectives
1) To increase the capability of community to deal
with their own health problems.
2) To strengthen community resources
3) To control and counteract environment
4) To prevent and control communicable and non-
communicable diseases
5) To provide specialised services
6) To conduct research
7) To prepare health personnel
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Principles of CHN
1)Recognized needs and functioning within
the total health programme.
2)Clearly defined objectives and purposes for
it’s services
3)An active organized citizens group of the
community group is an integral part of the
community health programme.
4)Community health nursing services are
available to the entire community
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Principles of CHN
5)Community health nursing recognized the
family and community as units of service.
6)Health education and counseling for the
individual, family and community are the
integral part of community health nursing.
7)Participation in planning relating to goals for
the attainment of health.
8)The community health nurse should qualify as
a full-fledged nurse.
9)Based on the needs of the patient and there
should be proper continuity of services to
patients.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Principles of CHN
10) Periodic and continuous appraisal and evaluation of
health situation
11) The community health nurse should function/serve
as an important member of the health team.
12)There should be provision for qualified nurse to
make supervision for community health services.
13)The community health nurse directs the patient to
appropriate community resources for necessary
financial and social assistance.
14)Should not accept gifts or bribes from the patients
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Principles of CHN
15)The community health nurse should not belong to one
particular section or political group.
16)Community health agency should provide a continuing
education programme for nurse
17)The nurses assume responsibilities of their own continuing
professional development through acquiring higher and
higher education and forming and strengthening the
professional associations
18)The community health nursing services should develop
proper guidelines, in maintaining records and reports.
19)There should be proper facilities and job conditions.
20)The community health nurse should maintain professional
relationship with all leaders in the community and maintain
ethics at all times.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Quality assurance in CHN
 Define quality assurance
Quality assurance can be defined as ”the
promise or guarantee that certain standards of
excellence are being met in care delivered.”
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Goals of quality assurance
 To ensure the delivery of quality client
care.
 To demonstrate the efforts of the health
care provider for the best possible
result.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Two Approaches of Quality
assurance
 General Approach
 Specific Approach
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
General Approach
 Licensure
 Accreditation
 Certification
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Specific Approaches
1)Staff review committees(Peer review)
2)Utilization review committees
3)Research studies
4)Client satisfaction surveys
5)Malpractice litigation
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Model quality assurance
Programme
Purpose:
The primary purpose of a quality
assurance
programme is to ensure the results of an
organized activity are consistent with
Expectations.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Steps in Model Quality Assurance
1)identify the sources needed
2)Describe the nature of the personnel
required to handle resources, supplies,
equipments, facilities and finance.
3)Once the resources are identified, then
policies, procedures, job descriptions
should be clearly laid down for use.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Process
 The primary approach used for process
evaluation includes the peer group
committee and the client satisfaction
survey.
 Technique used for process evaluation
is direct observation, questionnaire,
interview, written audit and videotape of
client and provider.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Outcome
 For the purpose of evaluation the nurse
uses client’s admission data, acuity of the
problem and discharge data that may point
out changes in the level of dependence
and activity.
 Direct physical examination and interview
will help a lot measure the outcome.
 This will help one to identify the causes
and problems associated with health care.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Evaluation, Interpretation and
Action
 Interpretation is one of the major
components of quality assurance
 Evaluation of the process should be
carried out at major intervals and
periodic reports should be prepared.
 Action is the final step in quality
assurance model.
 The action must be based upon their
significance, economic benefits and
timeliness.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Health provider evaluation
 It is essential to determine the individual
service provider’s contribution to the quality
assurance programme .
 Punctuality and performance are needed to
evaluate the individual based on traditional
trait ratings.
 Objective oriented action tools are developed
in consultation with supervisor and the nurse.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Nursing Audit
 Staff review committees are the most
common review committees designed to
assess the clent-specific aspects of
certain levels of care.
 The audit is the major tool used to
ascertain the quality of care:
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Process of Nursing Audit
 Selection of a topic for study.
 Selection of a explicit criteria for quality
care.
 Review of records whether criteria are met.
 Peer review of all the cases that do not
meet the criteria.
 Specific recommendations to correct the
problems.
 Follow-up to determine whether problems
have been eliminated.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Types of Nursing Audit
1)Concurrent Audit
2)Retrospective Audit
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Concurrent Audit
Concurrent audit is used by Medicare and
Medicaid to evaluate care being received
by public health/home health clients.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Advantages
 Identification of the problems.
 Provision of a mechanism for identifying
and meeting client needs during care.
 Implementation of measures to fulfill
professional responsibilities.
 Provision of a mechanism for
communicating on behalf of the client.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Disadvantages
1) Time consuming
2) Less cost efficient than retrospective Audit.
3)It does’t represent the total picture of the
care that the client will ultimately will
receive.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Retrospective Audit
Retrospective audit or outcome audit
evaluates
the quality of care through appraisal of the
nursing process after the client’s discharge
from
the health care system.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Advantages
1) Comparison of actual practice to
standard of care
2) Analysis of actual practice findings
3) A total picture of the care given.
4) More accurate date for planning
corrective action.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Disadvantages
1) Focus of evaluation is directed away from
ongoing care.
2) Client problems are identified after
discharge,
so corrective action can be only used to
improve
the care of the future.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Community Nursing Theories
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Precede Model
The model PRECEDE is an acronym for
predisposing, reinforcing and enabling causes in
educational diagnosis and evaluation.
Two basic propositions underscore the outcome
oriented PRECEDE model.1)Health and health behaviours
are caused by
multiple factors.
2)Health education designed to influence the
behavior must be multi-dimensional.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Health Belief Model
It has 3 major components:
1)Individual Perception
2)Modifying Factors
3)Variables affecting the likelihood of initiating
action.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Contributory factors in Health Belief Model
 Age
 Sex
 Race
 Ethnicity
 Personality
 Social class
 Pressure
 Reference group
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Health promotion model
Pender (1987) developed this model to be used
as a complement to health protecting models
like Health Belief Model.
Determinants of health promotion behavior are
organized into:
 Cognitive-Perceptual factors
They include factors like:
 Importance of health
 Perceived self-efficacy
 Definition of health
 Barriers to health-promoting behavior.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
CONCEPTUAL MODELS
A conceptual framework refers to global ides
about individuals, groups, situations and
events
of interest to a discipline. A conceptual model
provides a reference platform for members of
a
discipline to guide their thinking, observation
and interpretation.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Models applicable in CHN
1) System model
2)Developmental Model
3)Interaction Model
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
System Model
 It is postulated by Von Bertalanffy(1952)
 It focuses on the organization,
interaction, interdependency and
integration of parts and elements.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Characteristics-System Model
 Wholeness
 Organisation
 Openness
 Boundary
 Entropy
 Feedback
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Application to Community Health Nursing
 The community is a social system made
of interrelated subsystems.
 The subsystems include economic,
educational, religious, health care,
political, welfare. law enforcement,
energy and recreational systems
 They are interrelated and have a
specific orientation towards each other.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Developmental Model
 It is a way of thinking how changes occur
based on theories of development of the
human organization.
 According to Lewis,the change may be
both reactive and structural.
 The reactive theory emphasizes the
influence of environment in development
programmes,and the structural theory
emphasizes the genetically determined
programme for development
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Application to CHN
 It is useful in working with infants and
children,because the major role of a
nurse working with them is to assess the
developmental progress and to promote
overall growth and development.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Interaction Model
 These models are based upon theories that
stem from philosophical writings such as those
of Cooley(1969) and Mead(1934).
 The major concepts used in interaction models
are communication, perception, role playing
and self conception.
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Application to CHN
 Communication
 Self-Conception
 Perception
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
Bibliography
 Lucita M. Public health and community
health nursing in the new millennium. 1st
ed. Chennai: B.I Publications Private
Limited; 2006. p.88-93,136-43.
 Gulani KK.Community health nursing:
principles and practices. 1st ed. Delhi:
Kumar Publishing House; 2008.p.33-46.
 Stanhope M,Lancaste J. Community
Health Nursing:promoting health of
aggregates,families and individuals. 4th ed.
St.Louis:Mosby;1996.p.225-27
www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSINGPRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSINGMAHESWARI JAIKUMAR
 
Unit 7 health team
Unit 7 health teamUnit 7 health team
Unit 7 health teamanjalatchi
 
Community Bag Technique
Community Bag TechniqueCommunity Bag Technique
Community Bag Techniqueshamil C.B
 
historical development of Community Health Nursing
historical development of Community Health Nursinghistorical development of Community Health Nursing
historical development of Community Health NursingKailash Nagar
 
Introduction to Community Health Nursing
Introduction to Community Health NursingIntroduction to Community Health Nursing
Introduction to Community Health NursingDr. Rahul B. Pandit
 
Approaches of community health nursing
Approaches of community health nursingApproaches of community health nursing
Approaches of community health nursingKalpana B
 
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESS
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESSCOMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESS
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESSMAHESWARI JAIKUMAR
 
Family welfare services
Family welfare servicesFamily welfare services
Family welfare servicestusharkedar2
 
Community health nursing approaches
Community health nursing approachesCommunity health nursing approaches
Community health nursing approachesNagamani Manjunath
 
Nurse's role in community Health nurse
Nurse's role in community Health nurseNurse's role in community Health nurse
Nurse's role in community Health nurseHafiza Afrin
 
Family health nursing
Family health   nursingFamily health   nursing
Family health nursingkunal770909
 
Health education in community health nursing
Health education in community health nursingHealth education in community health nursing
Health education in community health nursingraiguru
 
Development of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in India
Development of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in IndiaDevelopment of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in India
Development of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in IndiaHarsh Rastogi
 

La actualidad más candente (20)

PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSINGPRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
PRINCIPLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
 
Unit 7 health team
Unit 7 health teamUnit 7 health team
Unit 7 health team
 
Community Bag Technique
Community Bag TechniqueCommunity Bag Technique
Community Bag Technique
 
Home visit & bag technique
Home visit & bag techniqueHome visit & bag technique
Home visit & bag technique
 
historical development of Community Health Nursing
historical development of Community Health Nursinghistorical development of Community Health Nursing
historical development of Community Health Nursing
 
Bag technique
Bag techniqueBag technique
Bag technique
 
Introduction to Community Health Nursing
Introduction to Community Health NursingIntroduction to Community Health Nursing
Introduction to Community Health Nursing
 
Home visiting
Home visitingHome visiting
Home visiting
 
Approaches of community health nursing
Approaches of community health nursingApproaches of community health nursing
Approaches of community health nursing
 
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESS
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESSCOMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESS
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING - PROCESS
 
Home visit
Home visitHome visit
Home visit
 
Referral system in chn in india
Referral system in chn in indiaReferral system in chn in india
Referral system in chn in india
 
Family welfare services
Family welfare servicesFamily welfare services
Family welfare services
 
Health team
Health teamHealth team
Health team
 
Family Health Nursing
Family Health NursingFamily Health Nursing
Family Health Nursing
 
Community health nursing approaches
Community health nursing approachesCommunity health nursing approaches
Community health nursing approaches
 
Nurse's role in community Health nurse
Nurse's role in community Health nurseNurse's role in community Health nurse
Nurse's role in community Health nurse
 
Family health nursing
Family health   nursingFamily health   nursing
Family health nursing
 
Health education in community health nursing
Health education in community health nursingHealth education in community health nursing
Health education in community health nursing
 
Development of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in India
Development of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in IndiaDevelopment of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in India
Development of COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING in India
 

Similar a Community health nursing

Quality Circle.docx
Quality Circle.docxQuality Circle.docx
Quality Circle.docxPALKAMITTAL
 
&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.ppt
&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.ppt&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.ppt
&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.pptAhmedSamir462624
 
Evaluation of care in Nursing
Evaluation of care in NursingEvaluation of care in Nursing
Evaluation of care in NursingRENUSANTHAMMA
 
Public Health Board Research Paper
Public Health Board Research PaperPublic Health Board Research Paper
Public Health Board Research PaperSheila Phillips
 
Community health nursing
Community health nursingCommunity health nursing
Community health nursingNursing Path
 
Quality in Health and Social care management
Quality in Health and Social care managementQuality in Health and Social care management
Quality in Health and Social care managementrajithadikari
 
Community diagnosis
Community diagnosisCommunity diagnosis
Community diagnosisNursing Path
 
To support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docx
To support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docxTo support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docx
To support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docxedwardmarivel
 
Quality of nursing
Quality of nursingQuality of nursing
Quality of nursinggusainrahul
 
Quality of nursing
Quality of nursingQuality of nursing
Quality of nursinggusainrahul
 
Introduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance EssayIntroduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance EssayRachel Quintana
 
Introduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance EssayIntroduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance EssayTiffany Love
 
Management of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptx
Management of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptxManagement of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptx
Management of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptxPaulOkafor6
 
Nurse Administrator Research Paper
Nurse Administrator Research PaperNurse Administrator Research Paper
Nurse Administrator Research PaperHeidi King
 
Quality assurance in nursing
Quality assurance in nursingQuality assurance in nursing
Quality assurance in nursingNamita Batra
 
Quality assurance in health care
Quality assurance in health care Quality assurance in health care
Quality assurance in health care Ankita Kunwar
 
HS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docx
HS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docxHS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docx
HS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docxAlysonDuongtw
 

Similar a Community health nursing (20)

communityhealthnursing.pptx
communityhealthnursing.pptxcommunityhealthnursing.pptx
communityhealthnursing.pptx
 
Quality Circle.docx
Quality Circle.docxQuality Circle.docx
Quality Circle.docx
 
&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.ppt
&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.ppt&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.ppt
&&&HEALTH CARE QUALITY MANAGEMENT FOR FAMILY PHYSICIANS.ppt
 
Evaluation of care in Nursing
Evaluation of care in NursingEvaluation of care in Nursing
Evaluation of care in Nursing
 
Public Health Board Research Paper
Public Health Board Research PaperPublic Health Board Research Paper
Public Health Board Research Paper
 
Community health nursing
Community health nursingCommunity health nursing
Community health nursing
 
Quality in Health and Social care management
Quality in Health and Social care managementQuality in Health and Social care management
Quality in Health and Social care management
 
Community diagnosis
Community diagnosisCommunity diagnosis
Community diagnosis
 
To support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docx
To support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docxTo support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docx
To support your work, use scholarly sources and also use outside s.docx
 
quality assurance
quality assurancequality assurance
quality assurance
 
Quality of nursing
Quality of nursingQuality of nursing
Quality of nursing
 
Quality of nursing
Quality of nursingQuality of nursing
Quality of nursing
 
Introduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance EssayIntroduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance Essay
 
Introduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance EssayIntroduction To Quality Assurance Essay
Introduction To Quality Assurance Essay
 
Management of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptx
Management of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptxManagement of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptx
Management of Care powerpoint week 1_265161085.pptx
 
Nurse Administrator Research Paper
Nurse Administrator Research PaperNurse Administrator Research Paper
Nurse Administrator Research Paper
 
Quality assurance in nursing
Quality assurance in nursingQuality assurance in nursing
Quality assurance in nursing
 
Chapter 1 final
Chapter 1 finalChapter 1 final
Chapter 1 final
 
Quality assurance in health care
Quality assurance in health care Quality assurance in health care
Quality assurance in health care
 
HS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docx
HS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docxHS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docx
HS410 Unit 6 Quality Management - DiscussionDiscussionThi.docx
 

Más de Nursing Path

Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019
Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019
Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019Nursing Path
 
Isolation facility for covid-19
Isolation facility for covid-19Isolation facility for covid-19
Isolation facility for covid-19Nursing Path
 
Guidelines on clinical management of covid 19
Guidelines on clinical management of covid   19Guidelines on clinical management of covid   19
Guidelines on clinical management of covid 19Nursing Path
 
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Fluid and electrolyte balanceFluid and electrolyte balance
Fluid and electrolyte balanceNursing Path
 
Hospital Infection Control Programme
Hospital Infection Control ProgrammeHospital Infection Control Programme
Hospital Infection Control ProgrammeNursing Path
 
Outcome based education
Outcome based educationOutcome based education
Outcome based educationNursing Path
 
Selection and organization of learning experience
Selection and organization of learning experienceSelection and organization of learning experience
Selection and organization of learning experienceNursing Path
 
Universal Health Coverage
Universal Health CoverageUniversal Health Coverage
Universal Health CoverageNursing Path
 
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitationCardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitationNursing Path
 
Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4
Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4
Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4Nursing Path
 
Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1
Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1
Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1Nursing Path
 
Fundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice examFundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice examNursing Path
 
Fundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice examFundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice examNursing Path
 
The enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx x
The enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx xThe enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx x
The enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx xNursing Path
 

Más de Nursing Path (20)

Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019
Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019
Psychosocial care of coronavirus disease 2019
 
Isolation facility for covid-19
Isolation facility for covid-19Isolation facility for covid-19
Isolation facility for covid-19
 
Guidelines on clinical management of covid 19
Guidelines on clinical management of covid   19Guidelines on clinical management of covid   19
Guidelines on clinical management of covid 19
 
Fluid and electrolyte balance
Fluid and electrolyte balanceFluid and electrolyte balance
Fluid and electrolyte balance
 
Hospital Infection Control Programme
Hospital Infection Control ProgrammeHospital Infection Control Programme
Hospital Infection Control Programme
 
Outcome based education
Outcome based educationOutcome based education
Outcome based education
 
Assessment
AssessmentAssessment
Assessment
 
Anxiety disorders
Anxiety disordersAnxiety disorders
Anxiety disorders
 
Selection and organization of learning experience
Selection and organization of learning experienceSelection and organization of learning experience
Selection and organization of learning experience
 
Universal Health Coverage
Universal Health CoverageUniversal Health Coverage
Universal Health Coverage
 
Pneumonia
PneumoniaPneumonia
Pneumonia
 
Swine flu
Swine fluSwine flu
Swine flu
 
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitationCardiopulmonary resuscitation
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
 
Abortion
AbortionAbortion
Abortion
 
Microbiology
MicrobiologyMicrobiology
Microbiology
 
Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4
Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4
Fundamental of nursing practice exam 4
 
Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1
Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1
Fundamentals of nursing practice exa1
 
Fundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice examFundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice exam
 
Fundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice examFundamentals of nursing practice exam
Fundamentals of nursing practice exam
 
The enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx x
The enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx xThe enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx x
The enterobacteriaceae basic properties.ppsx x
 

Último

Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.Vaikunthan Rajaratnam
 
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusanguhistoryofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu Medical University
 
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaMale Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaSujoy Dasgupta
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfHongBiThi1
 
Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health CommunicationsUsing Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communicationskatiequigley33
 
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxBasic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxkomalt2001
 
Female Reproductive Physiology Before Pregnancy
Female Reproductive Physiology Before PregnancyFemale Reproductive Physiology Before Pregnancy
Female Reproductive Physiology Before PregnancyMedicoseAcademics
 
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...Ganesan Yogananthem
 
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfSGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfHongBiThi1
 
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxationPhysiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxationMedicoseAcademics
 
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptPradnya Wadekar
 
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing studentCPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing studentsaileshpanda05
 
Neurological history taking (2024) .
Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .
Neurological history taking (2024) .Mohamed Rizk Khodair
 
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)kishan singh tomar
 
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptx
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptxGood Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptx
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptxLikeways
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondSujoy Dasgupta
 
blood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project reportblood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project reportNARMADAPETROLEUMGAS
 
The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?
The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?
The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?Ryan Addison
 
DNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptx
DNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptxDNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptx
DNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptxMAsifAhmad
 

Último (20)

Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
Generative AI in Health Care a scoping review and a persoanl experience.
 
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusanguhistoryofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
historyofpsychiatryinindia. Senthil Thirusangu
 
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy DasguptaMale Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
Male Infertility Panel Discussion by Dr Sujoy Dasgupta
 
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdfSGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
SGK RỐI LOẠN KALI MÁU CỰC KỲ QUAN TRỌNG.pdf
 
Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health CommunicationsUsing Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
Using Data Visualization in Public Health Communications
 
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptxBasic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
Basic structure of hair and hair growth cycle.pptx
 
Female Reproductive Physiology Before Pregnancy
Female Reproductive Physiology Before PregnancyFemale Reproductive Physiology Before Pregnancy
Female Reproductive Physiology Before Pregnancy
 
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
QUESTIONS & ANSWERS FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE, RADIATIONBIOLOGY& RADIATION HAZARD...
 
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdfSGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
SGK LEUKEMIA KINH DÒNG BẠCH CÂU HẠT HAY.pdf
 
Cone beam CT: concepts and applications.pptx
Cone beam CT: concepts and applications.pptxCone beam CT: concepts and applications.pptx
Cone beam CT: concepts and applications.pptx
 
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxationPhysiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
Physiology of Smooth Muscles -Mechanics of contraction and relaxation
 
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologypptayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
ayurvedic formulations herbal drug technologyppt
 
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing studentCPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
CPR.nursingoutlook.pdf , Bsc nursing student
 
Neurological history taking (2024) .
Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .Neurological  history  taking  (2024)  .
Neurological history taking (2024) .
 
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
High-Performance Thin-Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)
 
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptx
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptxGood Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptx
Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) in Pharma-LikeWays.pptx
 
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and BeyondMale Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
Male Infertility, Antioxidants and Beyond
 
blood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project reportblood bank management system project report
blood bank management system project report
 
The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?
The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?
The Importance of Mental Health: Why is Mental Health Important?
 
DNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptx
DNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptxDNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptx
DNA nucleotides Blast in NCBI and Phylogeny using MEGA Xi.pptx
 

Community health nursing

  • 2. According to American Nursing Association, “Community health nursing is a synthesis of nursing practice and public health practice applied in promoting and preserving the health of populations. the nature of this practice is general and comprehensive. it is not limited to a particular age or diagnostic group. It is continuous and not episodic. The dominant responsibility is to the population as a whole”
  • 3. Definition Therefore Nursing directed to individuals, families or groups contributes to the health of the total population. Health promotion, health maintenance, health education, coordination and continuity of care are utilized in a holistic approach to the management of the individual, family group and community. The nurse’s actions acknowledge the need for comprehensive health planning, recognize the influences of social and ecological issues, give attention to populations at risk and utilize dynamic forces which influence change. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 4. Philosophy of CHN  Philosophy of individual’s right of being healthy  Philosophy of working together under a competent leader for the common good. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 5. Philosophy of CHN  Philosophy that people in the community have the potential for continual development and are capable of dealing with their own problems if educated and helped.  Philosophy of Socialism. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 6. Aims of CHN Aims:  The aim of community health nursing practice is to promote health and efficiency  To prevent and control diseases and disabilities.  To prolong life by providing need based, well balanced comprehensive health care services to community at large through organized community efforts. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 7. Objectives 1) To increase the capability of community to deal with their own health problems. 2) To strengthen community resources 3) To control and counteract environment 4) To prevent and control communicable and non- communicable diseases 5) To provide specialised services 6) To conduct research 7) To prepare health personnel www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 8. Principles of CHN 1)Recognized needs and functioning within the total health programme. 2)Clearly defined objectives and purposes for it’s services 3)An active organized citizens group of the community group is an integral part of the community health programme. 4)Community health nursing services are available to the entire community www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 9. Principles of CHN 5)Community health nursing recognized the family and community as units of service. 6)Health education and counseling for the individual, family and community are the integral part of community health nursing. 7)Participation in planning relating to goals for the attainment of health. 8)The community health nurse should qualify as a full-fledged nurse. 9)Based on the needs of the patient and there should be proper continuity of services to patients. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 10. Principles of CHN 10) Periodic and continuous appraisal and evaluation of health situation 11) The community health nurse should function/serve as an important member of the health team. 12)There should be provision for qualified nurse to make supervision for community health services. 13)The community health nurse directs the patient to appropriate community resources for necessary financial and social assistance. 14)Should not accept gifts or bribes from the patients www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 11. Principles of CHN 15)The community health nurse should not belong to one particular section or political group. 16)Community health agency should provide a continuing education programme for nurse 17)The nurses assume responsibilities of their own continuing professional development through acquiring higher and higher education and forming and strengthening the professional associations 18)The community health nursing services should develop proper guidelines, in maintaining records and reports. 19)There should be proper facilities and job conditions. 20)The community health nurse should maintain professional relationship with all leaders in the community and maintain ethics at all times. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 12. Quality assurance in CHN  Define quality assurance Quality assurance can be defined as ”the promise or guarantee that certain standards of excellence are being met in care delivered.” www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 13. Goals of quality assurance  To ensure the delivery of quality client care.  To demonstrate the efforts of the health care provider for the best possible result. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 14. Two Approaches of Quality assurance  General Approach  Specific Approach www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 15. General Approach  Licensure  Accreditation  Certification www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 16. Specific Approaches 1)Staff review committees(Peer review) 2)Utilization review committees 3)Research studies 4)Client satisfaction surveys 5)Malpractice litigation www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 17. Model quality assurance Programme Purpose: The primary purpose of a quality assurance programme is to ensure the results of an organized activity are consistent with Expectations. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 18. Steps in Model Quality Assurance 1)identify the sources needed 2)Describe the nature of the personnel required to handle resources, supplies, equipments, facilities and finance. 3)Once the resources are identified, then policies, procedures, job descriptions should be clearly laid down for use. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 19. Process  The primary approach used for process evaluation includes the peer group committee and the client satisfaction survey.  Technique used for process evaluation is direct observation, questionnaire, interview, written audit and videotape of client and provider. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 20. Outcome  For the purpose of evaluation the nurse uses client’s admission data, acuity of the problem and discharge data that may point out changes in the level of dependence and activity.  Direct physical examination and interview will help a lot measure the outcome.  This will help one to identify the causes and problems associated with health care. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 21. Evaluation, Interpretation and Action  Interpretation is one of the major components of quality assurance  Evaluation of the process should be carried out at major intervals and periodic reports should be prepared.  Action is the final step in quality assurance model.  The action must be based upon their significance, economic benefits and timeliness. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 22. Health provider evaluation  It is essential to determine the individual service provider’s contribution to the quality assurance programme .  Punctuality and performance are needed to evaluate the individual based on traditional trait ratings.  Objective oriented action tools are developed in consultation with supervisor and the nurse. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 23. Nursing Audit  Staff review committees are the most common review committees designed to assess the clent-specific aspects of certain levels of care.  The audit is the major tool used to ascertain the quality of care: www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 24. Process of Nursing Audit  Selection of a topic for study.  Selection of a explicit criteria for quality care.  Review of records whether criteria are met.  Peer review of all the cases that do not meet the criteria.  Specific recommendations to correct the problems.  Follow-up to determine whether problems have been eliminated. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 25. Types of Nursing Audit 1)Concurrent Audit 2)Retrospective Audit www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 26. Concurrent Audit Concurrent audit is used by Medicare and Medicaid to evaluate care being received by public health/home health clients. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 27. Advantages  Identification of the problems.  Provision of a mechanism for identifying and meeting client needs during care.  Implementation of measures to fulfill professional responsibilities.  Provision of a mechanism for communicating on behalf of the client. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 28. Disadvantages 1) Time consuming 2) Less cost efficient than retrospective Audit. 3)It does’t represent the total picture of the care that the client will ultimately will receive. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 29. Retrospective Audit Retrospective audit or outcome audit evaluates the quality of care through appraisal of the nursing process after the client’s discharge from the health care system. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 30. Advantages 1) Comparison of actual practice to standard of care 2) Analysis of actual practice findings 3) A total picture of the care given. 4) More accurate date for planning corrective action. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 31. Disadvantages 1) Focus of evaluation is directed away from ongoing care. 2) Client problems are identified after discharge, so corrective action can be only used to improve the care of the future. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 33. Precede Model The model PRECEDE is an acronym for predisposing, reinforcing and enabling causes in educational diagnosis and evaluation. Two basic propositions underscore the outcome oriented PRECEDE model.1)Health and health behaviours are caused by multiple factors. 2)Health education designed to influence the behavior must be multi-dimensional. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 34. Health Belief Model It has 3 major components: 1)Individual Perception 2)Modifying Factors 3)Variables affecting the likelihood of initiating action. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 35. Contributory factors in Health Belief Model  Age  Sex  Race  Ethnicity  Personality  Social class  Pressure  Reference group www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 36. Health promotion model Pender (1987) developed this model to be used as a complement to health protecting models like Health Belief Model. Determinants of health promotion behavior are organized into:  Cognitive-Perceptual factors They include factors like:  Importance of health  Perceived self-efficacy  Definition of health  Barriers to health-promoting behavior. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 37. CONCEPTUAL MODELS A conceptual framework refers to global ides about individuals, groups, situations and events of interest to a discipline. A conceptual model provides a reference platform for members of a discipline to guide their thinking, observation and interpretation. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 38. Models applicable in CHN 1) System model 2)Developmental Model 3)Interaction Model www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 39. System Model  It is postulated by Von Bertalanffy(1952)  It focuses on the organization, interaction, interdependency and integration of parts and elements. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 40. Characteristics-System Model  Wholeness  Organisation  Openness  Boundary  Entropy  Feedback www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 41. Application to Community Health Nursing  The community is a social system made of interrelated subsystems.  The subsystems include economic, educational, religious, health care, political, welfare. law enforcement, energy and recreational systems  They are interrelated and have a specific orientation towards each other. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 42. Developmental Model  It is a way of thinking how changes occur based on theories of development of the human organization.  According to Lewis,the change may be both reactive and structural.  The reactive theory emphasizes the influence of environment in development programmes,and the structural theory emphasizes the genetically determined programme for development www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 43. Application to CHN  It is useful in working with infants and children,because the major role of a nurse working with them is to assess the developmental progress and to promote overall growth and development. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 44. Interaction Model  These models are based upon theories that stem from philosophical writings such as those of Cooley(1969) and Mead(1934).  The major concepts used in interaction models are communication, perception, role playing and self conception. www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 45. Application to CHN  Communication  Self-Conception  Perception www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in
  • 46. Bibliography  Lucita M. Public health and community health nursing in the new millennium. 1st ed. Chennai: B.I Publications Private Limited; 2006. p.88-93,136-43.  Gulani KK.Community health nursing: principles and practices. 1st ed. Delhi: Kumar Publishing House; 2008.p.33-46.  Stanhope M,Lancaste J. Community Health Nursing:promoting health of aggregates,families and individuals. 4th ed. St.Louis:Mosby;1996.p.225-27 www.drjayeshpatidar.blogspot.in