BY Anbuselvidhanasekaran

1. CURRENT TRENDS IN
MANAGEMENT
OF DIABETES MELLITUS

2. INTRODUCTION
Medical nutrition therapy –total diabetes care
and management.
Dietary control plays a important role.
Diet and drug(oral hypoglycemic drugs)
Diet and insulin

3. AIM OF THE DIETARY TREATMENT
 Improve the overall health by achieving and
maintaining nutritional status.
 Achieve and maintain ideal level of body fat or ideal
body weight.
 Maintain blood glucose level as near normal level.
 Minimize the glucosuria.
 Prevent, delay and treat the acute complication –
renal diseases, retinol, hypertension and cardiovascular
diseases.

4. HIGH CALORIE / HIGH FIBER / LOW FAT DIET
•Recent studies have shown that high carbohydrate/high
fiber diets are effective in lowering blood glucose and
beneficial for management of diabetes.
•The same foods that have low glycemic index also help to
reduce blood cholesterol and triglycerides level.

5. Classification
Low GI
Medium GI
High GI
GI range
Examples
55 or less
Beans (white, black, pink, kidney, lentil, soy, almond, peanut, w
alnut, chickpea);
small Seeds(sunflower, flax, pumpkin, poppy, sesame); most
wholeintact Grains (durum/spelt/kamut wheat,millet, oat, rye, ric
e, barley); most Vegetables, most sweet Fruits (peaches,
strawberries, mangos); tagatose; fructose
56–69
not intact whole wheat or enriched wheat, pita bread, basmati
rice, potato, grape juice, raisins,prunes, pumpernickel
bread, cranberry juice[citation needed], regular ice
cream, sucrose, banana
70 and above
white bread (only wheat endosperm), most white rice (only rice
endosperm), corn flakes,extruded breakfast cereals,
glucose, maltose, maltodextrins, potato, pretzels, parsnip

6. LOW FAT DIET
Monounsaturated fat (such as canola, olive and
peanut oils) may have beneficial effects on
triglyceride and glycemic control in some
individuals with diabetes but care must be taken to
avoid weight gain.

7.  Nutrition management is a key component of
long term health and quality of life for people with
diabetes.
 Choosing a healthy diet with the right mixture of
low and high glycemic index foods and exercising
regularly is a good way to maintain glucose control.
 Medical nutrition therapy for people with should
be individualized with consideration given to usual
eating habits and other lifestyle factors.

8. Monitoring metabolic parameter including blood
pressure, blood glucose, lipids and body weight as well as
quality of life is crucial to ensure successful outcomes.
It is important that the health care team work with
people affected by diabetes to set realistic goals that meet
the individuals micro and macro nutrients, physical
activity, life style and medical needs.

9. New methods of insulin delivery
 One of the principal disadvantages with insulin therapy,
from the patient’s point of view is the need of painful
injection.
Oralin- Generex has been developing an aerosol
containing insulin for buccal absorption, using an
applicator similar to those used for asthma medication.
Studies havee shown benefit from Oralin comparable to
insulin injections in reducing blood sugar level, alone or in
combination with oral hypoglycemic agents.

10. Condi.,
Inhaled insulin- Inhale therapeutic systems have developed
insulin in the form of powder for inhalation.
The inhalator consists of a plastic cylinder and air compression
system. Insulin containing blisters are punctured with a needle and
insulin s aerosolized into particles of less than 5 microns.
Transdermal insulin – The electronic adhesive patch is first
applied to the skin, vaporizing superficial dermal cells and forming
micropores for insulin to pass through and than the insulin patch
is applied. It provides basal insulin delivery over 12 hours.

12. TREATMENTS