Chapter 10 Slides

Chapter 10:
Providing Nutrition, Health
and Safety Services
Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs
Tenth Edition
Nancy Freeman
Celia A. Decker
John R. Decker
Prepared by:
Nancy K. Freeman
Tere Holmes
Kris Curtis

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Freeman/Decker/Decker, Planning and Administering Early Childhood Programs, 10e
© 2012, 2008, 2005, 2001, 1995 by Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Promoting good nutrition
• Malnutrition is very harmful when children are
growing quickly.
• As much as 25% of young children’s calories are
devoted to growing.
• Access to food is an issue for about 18% of all
households with children under 6 years.

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The childhood obesity epidemic
• Almost 32% of US children are overweight
(at or above the 95th
percentile of weight-to-height)
• About 11% of US children are obese
(at or above the 95th
percentile of weight-to-height)
• Obesity’s lifelong implications
○ Increased risk of hypertension and diabetes
○ Increased cardio-vascular and digestive disease
○ Increased risk of sleep apnea and other conditions

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Provide Nutritious Meals & Snacks
• Food served in childcare often provides the
majority of children’s daily nutrition.
• Children under 6 should be offered food every 2-3
hours.
• Consider food allergies and religious or culturally
determined preferences (i.e. vegetarian diets).
• Provide families menus in advance.

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Follow USDA dietary guidelines.

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Mealtimes can feed
the body and the spirit
• Make mealtimes opportunities to socialize, engage
in relaxed conversation, learn table manners.
• Provide nutritious food.
• Offer opportunities to try new foods.
• Offer opportunities to try new ways of serving
familiar foods.

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Making meals and snacks enjoyable
• Avoid foods that can be choking hazards.
• Provide small servings.
• Introduce new foods gradually.
• Avoid serving the same food on consecutive days.
• Serve children foods they eat at home.
• Consider likes and dislikes in menu planning.
• Provide a pleasant physical and emotional climate.

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Support Breastfeeding
• Breast milk provides the nutrition babies need for
growth and development.
• Childcare providers have unique opportunities to
support breastfeeding when mothers return to
school or work.
○ Create a comfortable place for moms to nurse.
○ Be a cheerleader for nursing mothers.
○ Be sure caregivers know how to store, handle and
feed breast milk.

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Promoting good health
• “Good health” includes physical, mental, social and
emotional well-being.
• All aspects of health are inter-related.
• Center policies should address the health of
children and adults .

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Creating a healthy environment
• Store, prepare and serve food properly.
• Implement sanitary diapering practices.
• Wash hands correctly at these times:
○ at arrival
○ after toileting, diapering, blowing or wiping noses
○ before eating, feeding or serving food
○ after handling animals or contaminated surfaces
○ after handling garbage or cleaning

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Communicate with families:
• Describe policies about excluding children who are
ill.
• Create routines for families and caregivers to
communicate regularly about children’s health.
• Inform families when children are exposed to a
communicable disease.

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Develop procedures for
administrating medications
• Administer prescriptions only for the specific child
enrolled
• Administer over-the-counter medications when
they are ordered by a doctor
• Store medications properly, keep detailed records
of administering medications, develop a system in
the case of an error.

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Issues to consider when serving
children with identified special needs
• Are adaptations are needed to the program or its
routines?
• Does the facility need modifications?
• Is special equipment needed?
• Are dietary adaptations needed?
• Will staff need to assist with feeding?
• Have you made plans to administer needed
medication?
• Does the staff need specialized training?

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Strategies to promote children’s
mental health:
• Provide staff in-service about stresses faced by
families, staff, and children.
• Limit children’s exposure to violence in the
community and media.
• Know risk factors for abuse & neglect
• Know how to recognize abuse & neglect
• Develop policies for appropriate guidance and
discipline.

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Strategies to promote children’s
mental health: (continued)
• Help families maintain consistent expectations.
• Provide families with strategies to peacefully
resolve conflicts.
• Equip families for strategies for limiting children’s
“screen time”.
• Equip staff with strategies for dealing with
challenging behaviors.

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Keeping children safe
• Set appropriate limits.
• Eliminate environmental hazards including
dangerous toys and equipment .
○ Keep abreast of Consumer Product Safety
Commission recalls (www.cpsc.gov).
• Take precautions to manage vehicular risks.
○ Traffic control at the center
○ Transporting children for field trips

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Emergency preparedness
• Develop, post and practice evacuation procedures.
• Identify where you will take children if you need to
leave the center and how you will notify families.
• Plan to protect children in a natural disaster
(tornado, flash flood, earthquake) or near-by
violence.

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