STOMACH ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY

2. BRISSO ARACKAL

8. ORGANS ASSOCIATED WITH
THE STOMACH
• Anteriorly- Left lobe of liver and anterior
abdominal wall.
• posteriorly- Abdominal aorta, pancreas, spleen,
left kidney and adrenal gland.
• Superiorly- Diaphragm, oesophagus and left lobe
of liver.
• Inferiorly- transverse colon and small intestine.
• To the left- Diaphragm and spleen
• To the right- liver and duodenum.

10. STOMACH : SIZE
• The stomach is a very distensible organ.
• It is about 25 cm. long.
• The mean capacity is one ounce (30 ml) at
birth, one litre (1000ml) at puberty, and 1.5 t0
2 litres or more in adults.

14. EXTERNAL FEATURES OF
STOMACH
The stomach has
 Two orifices or openings
 Two curvatures or borders and
 Two surfaces

21. CARDIAC SPHINCTER
• The cardiac sphincter is a
specialized valve found
between the esophagus
and the stomach. It
prevents backflow of food
and digestive enzymes.

24. RUGAE

25. RUGAE LINING OF THE
STOMACH
• Rugae are found
on the interior
layer of the
stomach and aid
in breaking down
food when the
stomach
contracts.

28. FUNDUS
• The is the frontal
region of the stomach.
It begins digestion of
proteins and mixes
together stomach
contents.

29. BODY
• The body is the
central region of
the stomach. It also
digests proteins
and blends
materials found in
stomach.

30. PYLORUS and PYLORIC
SPHINCTER
• The pylorus is the back region
of the stomach. It contracts to
empty materials from the
stomach into the small
intestine
• The pyloric sphincter is a
specialized valve that prevents
materials and digestive
enzymes from escaping into the
small intestine before digestion
is completed in the stomach.

34. Has four regions
• Cardia
• Fundus
• Body
• Pyloric

35. MUSCLES AND CELLS OF STOMACH