Professional Autocad

Chair of Computer Aided Design and Geo-
Informatics
Arch______ - Year Group III - Semester I

Lecture on: Professional CAD
December 18, 2012

COURSE BRIEF INTRODUCTION

The course ‘professional cad’ is given to year two second semester architecture students for
the year 2012. The course is introduced in the chair (chair of cad and geo-informatics) for the
first time.
The course is intended to make the students able to produce a professional working drawing
of a building by making use of Auto Cad software. Therefor students are taught how to use
advanced tools and operations in AutoCAD software.
The teaching method was designed to inspire students by introducing them to the working
ethics of architectural and related firms in the country.

Semester project:
Students are briefed on their final project on the first day of class. Instructors prepare and
distribute a preliminary document of a residential building. For their semester project students
are expected to produce a working drawing based on the preliminary document they are
provided with.
Students are expected to submit their draft works at three different stages over the semester.
They compile and submit their final semester project at the end of the semester.
Final submittals are to be prepared in an A2 print out format

Professional cad (beginning of class 1)

Method of preventing plagiarism:

Students are given each a distinct preliminary drawing document in order to prohibit
them from copying each other.
Each provided documents are signed and stamped and are to be returned with the
final outcome of their project (submission). This is to cross check if a student’s final
work is based on the given material and not from another source (unknown sources
put the originality of the student’s work under question).
In order to further make sure that the students are working on their own, instructors
take an everyday class assessment and evaluation.

Professional cad

Extent of work:

1, to prepare a professional working drawing based on a provided preliminary drawing of a
two story or three story residence building by making use of AutoCAD software.
•site plan, floor plans, roof plan, sections, Elevations, details, window door schedule, ceiling
plan, etc.
•students are expected to print their works at an appropriate scale and are encouraged to
evaluate themselves on hard copy. We intended to encourage students to submit their
project in hard copy because we want them to get a chance to experience the final
output of their work in hard copy. We wanted them to bridge the gap between hard copy
and soft copy of a graphics and technical drawing works.
2, to master the software by making use of the advanced tools of the software in addition
to the most commonly used tools. Some of the advanced operations in AutoCAD software
are the following:
•attribute, external reference, blocks, lay out
3, to make sure that the final output and the work process of the project are conducted by
taking in to consideration the practices of the architectural and related firms.

Professional cad

Evaluation:
Students are evaluated on every day basis. Class exercises are given and are subjected to
20 % evaluation in total. Students are evaluated on assignment submittals. Students submit
their draft of final project on three different stages that are distributed over the semester.
These submittals are subjected to 20% evaluation in total. Students submit their final work
of their project in A2 print out format that is subjected to 30%evaluation. Final exam is
taken by students at the end of the course that is subjected to 30%evaluation.
The above evaluations add up to 100% and determine the students’ grade

Professional cad

Facts About AutoCAD:
AutoCAD is a CAD (Computer Aided Design or Computer Aided Drafting) software for 2D and 3D
design and drafting.
With AutoCAD you can:
Quickly create designs
Improved quality over hand drafting
Can be customized to suit the individual’s needs
Teaches a marketable skill

Students are presented with a quiz so the instructors would know the
students’ level of knowledge on AutoCAD.
>For this exercise it is assumed that you have
taken a drafting class. You can intemperate the
drawing in to a professional plan drawing.
>space A (bed room), B (shower), C (lobby)
D( living dining) and E( verandah).
Here you are expected to draw walls, doors,
windows, hatches, texts and dimensions
properly. ( use layers, line weights, colors etc.)
>finalize and bring elevation and section
drawings at the of the class.

Professional cad

Work Space
It is the drafting board of AutoCAD where all the drawing and drafting activities are
done.
Its also called Model space
Nice thing about this black portion is that it is infinite in size. That’s why it eliminate
the use of scales in our drawings (as opposed to limited space on papers or sheets)

What is professional working drawing ?(Discuss)

Professional cad

Working Drawing:
working drawings in general is capable of improvement. In some measure we
have all of us suffered more or less justifiable accusations of inaccuracy,
inadequacy and incomprehensibility; and yet drawings are prepared and
issued with the best of intentions. Few offices deliberately skimp the job,
despite economic pressures and time constraints, for the consequences of
inadequate or incorrect information being passed to the builder loom
frighteningly behind every contract. We do our genuine best, and still things
go wrong which might have been avoided; still information is found to be
missing, or vague, or incorrect

the problems :
● uncoordinated drawings—(i.e. information from different sources found to
be in conflict)
● errors—items of information incorrect
● failures in transmission—(i.e. information produced and available but not
put in the right hands)
● omissions—items of information accidentally missing
● poor presentation—(i.e. the drawing or set of drawings was complete but
confusing to read)

The Users:
There are many users of a set of drawings and each may put it to more than
one use. Unless the set is to be redrawn expensively to suit the ideal
requirements of each, priorities must be established and compromises
accepted. Consider the following functions of a set of drawings (the list is by
no means exhaustive). It forms for different people and at different times:
● a basis for tendering
● a contractual commitment
● a source for the preparation of other documents
● a statement of intent for the purpose of obtaining statutory consents

● a framework for establishing nominated subcontractors or suppliers
● a source for the preparation of shop drawings
● a shopping list for the ordering of materials
● a construction manual
● a model for developing the construction program
● a supervising document
● a record of variations from the contract
● a base document for measurement of the completed works and
preparation of the final accounts
● a base document for defects liability inspection
● a record of the completed structure
● a source of feedback.

It will be noted that the majority of these uses involve the contractor and
clearly his needs are paramount, if only for the purely legal reason that it is
he who will be contractually committed to the employer to build what the
architect tells him to. They may be separated into three main activities and
any drawing method must satisfy all three if it is to prove viable.
Activity 1:

The procurement of all necessary materials and components. For this the
contractor will need the following information in a form in which it can be
identified readily and extracted for ordering purposes:.

A specification of the materials to be used, which can be referred back simply
to the drawings and the bills of quantities. Drawings and schedules of all
components which he is to provide (doors, windows, etc.) and which
constitute measured items in the bills of quantities. Drawings and schedules
from which outside manufacturers’ products may be ordered and which
provide design criteria against which manufacturers’ shop drawings may be
checked
Activity 2:
The deployment of plant and labour. For this
he will need:

Drawings showing the extent of each trade’s involvement. A ‘construction
manual’ describing, by means of annotated drawings, the way in which each
trade is to operate and which is explicit enough to ensure that no local
querying or decision-making will be necessary. An objective and realistic
description of the quality standards required and the methods to be
employed

Activity 3:
The preparation of a programme and decision on a method of operation. For
this he will need

******Drawings giving an overall picture of his commitment.
Comprehensive information about the constraints of site,
access and programme. A summary of his contractual obligations.*****
The structure of working drawings

History AutoCAD:
In early days AutoCAD was used as a drafting tool. Through the years and many releases it
become a
design tool design tool ‘Icon’ based environment - icons grouped in toolbars. AutoCAD screen
contains two parts: graphical screen and textual (command) line()
AutoCAD saves files in .DWG format but can import and export different formats (DXF,
IGES)and export different formats (DXF, IGES)
Model (2D) is made in a ‘MODEL SPACE’ drawings are generated in ‘DRAWING SPACE’ are
generated in DRAWING SPACE
What is professional working drawing ?(Discuss)
>a building project has different phases:
site visit, brain storming, sketching,
discussion, preliminary and working
drawing.
>at the working drawing is meant for
construction purpose. Therefor the
document needs to be readable and
equipped with all the required
information.

Professional cad

History AutoCAD:

Model (2D) is made in a ‘MODEL SPACE’ drawings are generated in ‘DRAWING SPACE’ are generated in

DRAWING SPACE

What is professional working drawing ?(cont’d)
>ultimately drawings are made to provide information.
>and these information need to be presented in the most professional and legal
way.
>working drawings are meant not only for the architects and engineers but also
for every one working on the project.
>a working drawing usually contains: plans ( floor plans, roof plans, ceiling
plans), sections, details, elevations, exploded drawings, window-door schedual
etc.

>working drawings are used for contract agreements, therefor every line in the
drawing is accounted for.

Professional cad

History AutoCAD:

What are the important things we need while we are preparing working
drawing?
>planning
•There should be a coordination table where we control our work process.
•There should also be time scheduling since most projects are done with in a
limited time frame.
>consistency
•Information needs to be consistent between the different projects of the drawing:
plan, section, elevation, details, etc.
>check list
•We need to create a check list through which we will control errors from time to
time.

Professional cad

Menu
To launch AutoCAD commands
Similar to other windows applications

What are the important things we need while we are preparing working
drawing?(cont’d)
>documentation
•Proper documentation is mandatory when you are preparing a working drawing.
Files need to be named properly and saved or printed in an organized fashion.

>present the students with their final projects. And describe the semester plan.

Professional cad (end of class I)

Start > All Programs > Autodesk > Auto Cad

Professional cad

Tool Bar
Gives us the ability to customize our interface according to our needs
It is the collection of icons where each of the icons represent a specific AutoCAD
command
AutoCAD : the big picture (Inter face)-AutoCAD in drafting and
annotation setting

Information center
Application button Ribbon/
Panel
View cube
Menu bar

Navigation bar

Snap tools

Model and
layout tabs Command line Application bar Slide bar

Professional cad Annotation tools
(beginning of class II)

Facts about AutoCAD: Tool Bar cont’d
Gives us convenient access to the commands we use most
Toolbars can be moved where ever the user wants it to be, so that to assist us in
drawings
Toolbars can be turned on or off

AutoCAD : the big picture (Inter face)-AutoCAD classic setting (from the
work space control you can shift between the different AutoCAD settings)

Application button Priorities panel Information center

Menu bar
View cube

Tool bar Tool pallets Tool bar

Snap tools

Model and Slide bar
layout tabs Command line Application bar

Professional cad Annotation tools

Facts about Auto CAD
Command Line:
In command line everything must be entered through the keyboard
After launching a command through any means command line will prompt you
what next step should be taken to complete the command

AutoCAD : the big picture (Inter face)
Classic menu bar :
> Most of the tabs on this bar are common to most software you already know. Exercise on
them and discuss.

Information center:
> Should you need any information about your AutoCAD software either from your directory
or from the internet , information center is the right place to seek for it.

Professional cad

Palettes:
A dialog box of features
They combine the functionality of a dialog box with the flexibility of a toolbar

The ribbon:
> The ribbon is displayed automatically when you create or open a file, providing a
compact palette of all of the tools necessary to create your file.
>Shift around the tabs of the ribbon and
learn the different panels.
>under the home tab we have: draw,
modify, layers, annotation, block,
properties, groups utilities and clip
board panels
>under the insert tab we have: block,
block definition, reference point cloud,
import, data, linking and extraction,
content panels
>under the annotate tab we have: test,
dimension, leaders, tables, markup,

Professional cad annotation scaling and drawing view

Enter Commands:
By clicking Menu item
By clicking Toolbar icon
By typing in Command line

The ribbon:
>under the parametric tab we have:
geometric, dimensional and manage
>under the view tab we have: navigate
2d, views, visual style, view port, pallets
and windows
>under the manage tab we have: action
recorder, customization, applications,
cad standards
>under the out put tab manage we
have: Plot, export to DWF/PDF, Auto

Professional cad desk seek

Facts AutoCAD:
PAPER space
`
> It is an area used to plot (print) the drawing created in the model space
>It is actually a blank sheet in which a real object drawn in model space can be
represented as a printable drawing . Model space 1:1; Paper space ,any standard scale
The ribbon:
>under the plug-ins tab we have:
explore and edit in fusion panels
>under the on line tab we have: up load,
content and share panels
>under the express tools tab we have:
blocks, text, modify, layout, draw,
dimension, tools and web panels

Professional cad

Facts AutoCAD: layers
A layer can be thought of as a large piece of clear plastic on which a part or whole
drawing is made
Layers are controlled by the layer properties manager button located on the object
properties toolbar
Quick access tool bar:
>Display frequently used tools with the Quick Access toolbar.
>The Quick Access toolbar displays options to undo and redo changes to your file. To
undo or redo a less recent change, click the drop-down button to the right of the Undo
and Redo buttons.

Professional cad

Facts AutoCAD: Status Bar
Provides information about the current status of our drawing, interface and our
settings.
At status bar you can see coordinates (location) of the cursor in the model space.
The tab like buttons represents mode settings
Application status bar:
> The application status bar displays the coordinate values of your cursor, drawing
tools, navigation tools, and tools for Quick View and annotation scaling.
You can view the drawing tool buttons as icons or text. You also can easily change the
settings of snap, polar, osnap, and otrack from the shortcut menus of these drawing
tools

Professional cad

Facts AutoCAD:
Snap and Grid
Snap – Invisible Grid that restricts the location of the cursor to predefined increments
Grid is a regular pattern of visible dots that helps you estimate distances

AutoCAD : Interface
Know your way arrowed AutoCAD :
>Hide and redisplay the command line by doing one of the following:
1>Click Tools menu Command Line. 2>Press Ctrl+9
>right click on the ribbon>from the drop down list use show tabs and panels to turn on
and off components of the interface (this is only one of the several ways you can do so)
>in AutoCAD classic setting By default, the command window is docked. The docked
command window is the same width as the AutoCAD window. If text that is entered
becomes longer than the width of the command line, the window pops up in front of the
command line to show the full text of the line.
Undock, or float, the command window by dragging it away from the docking region.
The docking region is an edge of the AutoCAD application window that allows you to
dock a toolbar, palette, or the command window. You can move the floating command
window anywhere on the screen and resize its width and height with the pointing
device.
Dock a floating command window again by dragging it to the docking region of the
AutoCAD window.
Professional cad

Facts AutoCAD:
Object snap
Activated by “OSNAP” button
Allows you to snap to “key points” on existing lines and objects
i.e. midpoint, endpoint, center, tangent etc…
AutoCAD : Inter face
Customize interface :
Provides an interface for customizing
workspaces, toolbars, menus, ribbon
panels, shortcut menus, and other
user interface elements.
*When the Customize User Interface
Editor is displayed using the Customize
Commands option from the Tool
Palettes window or the Customize
option from the Quick Access toolbar
or a toolbar, the Customizations In
pane is collapsed and the Command
List pane is expanded.

Professional cad

Facts AutoCAD: Options and setting
AutoCAD is a very flexible application
You can change the name of the toolbars, menus, palettes, and even shortcuts of our own
choice can be activated.
The popup menu that comes up with the right click can also be customized.

AutoCAD : Inter face
>Displays a tree structure of user interface elements that can be customized, such as
workspaces, toolbars, menus, ribbon panels, partial CUIx files, and so on.
>To open the customize user interface:
Go to the ribbon under the manage tab>go to the customize panel>click on user
interface
>List box Displays a list of CUIx files that are loaded and an Open option.
>Available Customizations In toolbar Contains Load Partial Customization File and
Save All Current
>Customization Files buttons.
Load Partial Customization File Loads a CUIx file that you can add to the acad.cuix file.
>Save All Current Customization Files Saves changes to all loaded CUIx files.
>Tree View Displays the current customization file in a structured view so you can add
and modify the user interface elements.

Professional cad

Facts AutoCAD: Help

The nice feature of AutoCAD help is that it is CONTEXT SENSITIVE.
Context sensitive means that you can get help for a command that you are currently using.
Also a little question mark icon on dialog boxes can be used to know about help feature
AutoCAD : Interface
Class exercise: practice on changing/customizing some of the components of the
interface (discuss)

Professional cad

AutoCAD : working with AutoCAD
How to open document :
>To open a document >application>open >the desired
file
>use the open document list to view the currently
open documents
>To create a new document >application>new>select a
template from the window that pops

>discuss the open documents and recent documents
command

Professional cad

>The right click : while we are beginner users of auto cad, right click in the
working area is usually our important helper
>You can display different shortcut menus when you right-click different areas of the
screen.
>Shortcut menus typically include options to
•Repeat the last command entered
•Cancel the current command
•Display a list of recent user input
•Cut, copy, and paste from the Clipboard
•Select a different command option
•Display a dialog box, such as Options or Customize
•Undo the last command entered
•You can customize right-click behavior to be time-sensitive, so that a quick right-click
acts the same as pressing Enter, and a longer right-click displays a shortcut menu.

Professional cad

>The right click : while we are beginner users of auto cad, right click in the
working area is usually our important helper
>the key board short cuts: but since we need to become efficient users of the
soft ware you are always recommended to study the keyboard shortcuts

>as almost all keyboard short cut in AutoCAD are words that start with an initial of the
command we want to commit, it is easy to remember the keyboard short cuts. For
example if you want to initiate a command for drawing line you type ‘L’ in the
command line.
>see the list of the keyboard short cut on the next page.

Professional cad

>the key board short cuts: since one needs to become efficient users of the
soft ware you are always recommended to study the keyboard shortcuts

Professional cad

>now it is time to revise the tabs on the ribbon( if your setting is drafting and
annotation) or the tool bars (if your setting is AutoCAD classical). This time
you should work on them with exercises
>study the view tab (navigate 2d, views, visual style, view port, pallets and windows) it
will help to navigate around the working area.

>under the home tab we have: draw, modify, layers, annotation, block, properties,
groups utilities and clip board panels
Layer: isolate, freeze, turn on and off, name and rename …
This tab is very important to create an organized drawing. If a drawing is implemented
with out layers, it is very hard to control the drawing while making it and editing it for
future use.
>create layers
>how to name and rename layers appropriately
>how to isolate, freeze… layers
Practice and discuss
Professional cad


>UCS ( User Coordinate System )
This tool will show the orientation of the object on drawing window. The coordinate
system in 3D is base on X,Y,Z axis. Simple in words, if you draw in 2D you only need
X,Y axis and if you draw in 3D you need X,Y and Z axis. Z is for object depth. UCS is
show on the left bottom of drawing window
DRAW: Line, poly line, circle, ellipse, hatch, etc.
In order to draw this elements you have to press the buttons that bear their symbols
or know how to use the command line and keyboard shortcut. But always you have to
read the information on the command line.
Most importantly it is good to know that usage of the command line is similar for
almost all command we want to commit
*study the snap commands on the application bar while you study the draw panel.

Professional cad

Eg. To draw line:
To make the command line ready to use press the esc key on your key board
>Type ‘L’ in the command line and press the enter key on your keyboard.
>you will be asked to specify the first point.
>type x,y ( x can be any number representing the x and y any number representing
the y coordinate of the first point respectively). After you typed the x and y value to
your convenience, press the enter key on your keyboard.
>you will be asked to specify the second point of the line and you enter the x and y
value of the point.
>or after you specify the first point you can point your curser on the direction you want
to draw your line and just type the amount of length you want to draw the line for and
press enter.
practice on making different hatches properties:
solid, pattern, gradient, etc.

Professional cad

Hatch scale, hatch boundary, etc.
Modify: move, copy, rotate…
*the objects you created on the working area by making use of the draw tab or any
other can be modified by the commands in the modify tab. Practice and discuss.
It is time for exercises: draw a gear or any other drawing provided by the teacher
Annotation (panel) :Text, leader, dimension etc.
Annotate(tab) : text, dimensions, leaders, tables etc.
Under this tab we will get a chance to describe
our project by labeling them with texts. Measuring
them with dimensions etc.
Discuss and practice

.

Professional cad

Blocks: insert, create, edit …
Objects we use in our projects are not always simply lines, circles or rectangles. We
also insert blocks that are pre made and saved on our computer or other directories.
Blocks are complex objects made of combination of lines, circles, texts, attributes, etc
that are blocked to make one object. Sometimes blocks are made out of combinations
of other blocks.
Properties: color, line weight, line type etc.
This information can also be implemented while layers are prepared.
This is where we can give our project elements different properties like line type, line
weight, color etc. in order to distinguish our project in to a specific standard during
presentation.

.

Professional cad


End of revision

*present the students with their final project.

Professional cad ( end of class II)

>Since now you know your way around AutoCAD . It is time for you to learn how to
prepare your own template. And start to prepare lay out for plotting.
>you are going to be learning more about professional drafting in the coming
semesters. For this class we are only going to introduce how to prepare custom
templates.
A drafting project:
•A drawing contains different texts for different purposes, such as title, room name,
floor finish, etc. all this texts are going to have different text size.
•Texts and dimensions in different scaled drawings have different size.
•other properties like line weight, hatch thickness (scale), etc. have different values for
different scales.
>a drafting project needs to be controlled and organized other wise one will face a
very devastating consequence
>Preparation of a template is one way of controlling your work. The idea is to prepare
a file that will guide your work flow or principle in order to prevent the problems
mentioned above.
Professional cad (beginning of class III)

Things to look out for while preparing a working drawing:

Information that occur with in a working drawing

Before preparing your custom templates you should prepare a table that shows what
you are going to implement while preparing your template. Let us call it a ‘coordination
table’.
The table can have many rows and columns but the first columns should better
contain the scale information. While preparing a working drawing every component of
the project is subjected to the scale it is going to be printed.
A working drawing is prepared on appropriate scales only. The appropriate scales are
usually 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, 1:15, 1:50, 1:100, 1:200, 1:250, 1:500, etc. There for one can
easily understand that it is better to organize the elements of the drawing around
these scales.

Professional cad

Information that occur with in a working drawing (put them all in your table according
to their respective order)
The coordination table:
The three dots indicate rest of the elements you will be needing.

Professional cad


Information that occur with in a working drawing (put them all in your
table according to their respective order)

In the table text sizes in smaller scales such us 1:500 are bigger that text heights in
bigger scales like 1:50. there for according to all scale one should prepare a scale
factor to breakdown all the needed text sizes for every scale.
One should also bear in mind that all texts in one drawing do not have the same size.
Text size for room name is bigger that for floor finishing.
Line weight in bigger scales should be ticker than the ones in smaller scales. Perhaps
one should find a scale factor to do so.

Professional cad


Information that occur with in a working drawing (put them all in your
table according to their respective order)

when we finish feeling out our table, we can proceed preparing our custom template.
The purpose of the custom template is to make the information in our table be readily
available in the working area.

A template is saved in .dwt format in your directory so that you will always use is
when ever you start a project. Remember not to over save it.

Professional cad

Custom template :
>these are the different steps require to prepare a custom
template:
>file>new>(from the pop up window)acad>format(from
the menu bar)>units(from the drop down list)>the window
on the right side is the resulting pop up:
>change the precision to a decimal point that is
appropriate for you. And change the unit of measurement
to your convenience and click ok.
>view(menu bar)> display(dropdown list)> UCS Icon >at
this point the UCS Icon will be turned off from the model
space. We did this in order to limit or model space to our
requirement
>type limits>type x1,y1 (left side corner)> and x2,y2 for
the right side corner (this step will let you limit your
working space to your convenience)
Professional cad

Custom template (cont’d)
> Go to lay out>Right click on layout>modify> page set up
manager>change values for plotter, paper size, make the
scale 1:1, adjust your paper orientation>ok>close>go
back to model space> layer properties(from the ribbon
home tab)>here create all the layers you need for your
drawing that and adjust all the properties of the layers to
your convenience>close>type ‘st’ ( for test style)>on the
resulting pop up window adjust the text size and font>
apply>go to status bar and select all the snaps that you
believe are appropriate for your project> go back to lay
out and draw your title block> type ‘vports’>from the pop
up window that appears select the type of view port you
want>ok> place the port you selected on title block you
prepared>practice activating and deactivating your ports
by double clicking inside and outside your port….
Professional cad

Custom template (cont’d)
>You can go back and make some final changes that you want to add to the template
you are preparing>file>save as>select the directory you prefer>save it with .dwt
extension.
The template file you just saved will always be there for you to use and will guide your
work process.
>for your final project use your template.

•Class exercise e finalize your coordination table and your custom template, show
them to your instructor for evaluation.

Professional cad (end of class III)


Attributes

What are attributes ?
(discuss)

>type ‘att’ in the command line as shown in the picture

>fill the attribute definition table that popes up according to your specification and click ok.
Your cursor will be shown holding the left justification of the word ‘NAME’.

Professional cad (beginning of of class IV)


Attributes

>fill the attribute definition table according to
your specification and click ok. Your cursor will be
shown holding the left justification of the word
‘NAME’.
>and you can insert it in your drawing according
to your convenience
>repeat the above procedure for ‘floor area’,
‘floor finish’ and ‘level’

Professional cad


Attributes

>The picture shows the outcome. Select all the
information shown in the picture and make a block
named, room tag

>click ok and the outcome will be inserted in your
drawing automatically

Professional cad


Attributes

>click ok and the outcome will be inserted in your
drawing automatically

>The outcome should look like the information
shown in the picture. Copy the information to all
the rooms on your floor plan. And double click on
the individual copies to fill the information
needed to describe the room (space) as shown
on the picture on the next page

Professional cad

Attributes

Professional cad

Attributes
>t is possible to extract information from the entire attributes in the working
drawing and make an excel document automatically.
This is how you can extract data from a drawing with an attribute.
>save the drawing you are working on
>go to the ribbon insert tab>go to linking and extraction panel>click extract data
>the data extraction window will pop up>click next

Professional cad

Attributes
>the save data extraction as window will pop
up(you select a location and name)>click
save>the data extraction window will pop>click
next> and another data extraction will pop
>deactivate the objects you do not recognize
from you attribute click >next>from the popup
window deactivate again the names that do
not match you attribute >click next>from this
pop up you can select the link external data
button if you have an external excel spread
sheet you want to link you extraction > click
next>

Professional cad

Attributes
>here the choose out put extraction window
will pop> activate both ‘insert data extraction
table’ and ‘external data in excel format’>select
a location for the excel file > click next>table
style window will pop(change setting to your
convenience> click next>the final window will
pop>click finish>your cursor will be in AutoCAD
model area holding the extracted table. Insert
the table. Go to the location you selected for
the excel file and open it.

Professional cad

Attributes
Class exercise:
>draw a portion of your semester project plan and tag the floor plan for floor
finish, room name , door labeling, etc. And extract the information both to your
AutoCAD drawing and external excel file.
>make time and practice on how to link an existing excel spread sheet to your
AutoCAD extraction table.

Professional cad (end of class IV)

Layer
>beginners usually name the layers in
their project arbitrarily. Students are not
used to the professional environment
where documents are prepared for
different disciplines like: architectural,
structural, electrical, sanitary and
mechanical.
>The picture shows layer names of a
drawing containing architectural and
sanitary information.

Professional cad (beginning of class V)

Layer
>The layer names shown on the picture
are not proper as the layers for
architectural are mixed with the sanitary
layers creating difficulty for further use.
>There for students need to learn how
to organize their layer names.
>There for the students are introduced
to the following layer structure.
‘00_XX_XX’
>00_AR_XX such layer naming structure
for instance has three components:

Professional cad

External reference

What is external reference?
(discuss)
> prepare three distinct files named ‘st1’, ‘st2’, and ‘mother file’. File st1 and st2
to be made using the mother file as an external reference.
>make a change on the mother file and learn that the two files st1 and at2 are
automatically updated after saving the mother file.

Professional cad

Attributes
>The first part ‘00’ makes the layers to be located on top of other undesired
layers
>The second part ‘AR’ indicates the category of the layer, in this case
architectural. If ‘El’, it mean electrical. If ‘SN’, it means sanitary
The third part ‘XX’ indicates the name of the specific layer.
See the picture.

Class exercise prepare a proper layer naming for you r semester project remember
to coordinate with your drawing custom template and coordination table

Professional cad

Window door schedule

What is widow door she dual?
(Discuss)
>make a window door schedule with attributes for the portion of your semi store
project and show it to your instructor

Details
What are details?
(discuss)
>Make details for a portion of your semester project and show it to your
instructor
Plotting
(discuss)

Professional cad

Command list

Professional cad

Command list

Professional cad(end of class V)

ARCHITECTURAL WORKING DRAWINGS
Architectural working drawing reader

(reference Smith Ramirez: techinical drawing)

Introduction
I

n many architectural offices, drafters work with architects and designers to prepare the drawings used in the construction of
residential and commercial buildings.

These drawings, which may include floor plans, elevations, foundations, wall sections, and roof framing plans, are called
Construction Documents or CD’s.

Often, the separate sheets for a full set of plans are created on different CAD layers within the same CAD drawing file so that the
drafter can selectively view and print the layers as needed.

Professional cad(Reader)

Floor Plans
Floor plans, like the one shown in the Figure,
provide home builders and contractors the
information necessary to layout the building
including the locations of features like walls, doors,
electrical components (switches, lamps, etc.) and
plumbing fixtures (tubs, commodes, sinks, etc.).

Floor plans should include all of the dimensions
and notations required by the workers on the job
site.

Doors and windows are dimensioned to their
centers and continuous (also known as chain)
dimensioning is typically employed on floor plans.

Dimensions are usually labeled above the
dimension line and tick marks replace arrowheads.

Architectural firms often create, or purchase, block
libraries of doors, windows, electrical, plumbing,
and other symbols frequently used on floor plans.

The efficient use of blocks and layering techniques
by drafters can increase productivity and lower the
cost of creating a set of plans.


Elevation Drawings
Elevation drawings provide information about the exterior details of a building. This information may include roof pitch, exterior
materials and finishes, overall heights of features, and window and door styles as shown in the Figure. All of the dimensions
and notations required by workers on the job site should be included on this sheet.


Electrical Plans
An electrical plan provides electrical
contractors information about the
type, location, and installation of
electrical components (switches,
lamps, ceiling fans, electrical
outlets, cable TV jacks, etc.) used in
the project.

All of the information needed by the
electrical contractor to wire the
building should be provided by this
plan.

A block library of electrical symbols
is usually created to speed the
process by which electrical plans
are created. The electrical
components and wiring are usually
drawn on a separate layer that is
superimposed on the floor plan
layer(s).

The first Figure shows a detail
from an electrical plan. A legend is
often included on the electrical plan
to help workers identify all of the
components on the floor plan.
The second Figure shows an
example of an electrical legend.

***The efficient use of blocks and layering techniques by
drafters can increase productivity and lower the cost of
creating a set of plans.


Creating Elevations using Multiview Drawing Techniques
In the Figure , lines and arrows have been drawn between the views to show how the location and size of features on the
house’s exterior can be projected from one view to another using multiview drawing techniques.

In fact, sometimes it is not possible to complete the construction of one elevation view without constructing a neighboring
elevation and projecting information from the new view back to the original view. For example, in the Figure , it would not be
possible to draw the top line of the roof plane in either of the side elevations without first drawing the front elevation and
projecting the roof peak to the side elevations.

Note: although the Figure shows the top view the house, this view would not be included on the elevations sheet because
the top view reflects the roof plan of the building and is usually drawn on a separate sheet.

Projecting Points
and Planes between
Views of a House
using Multiview
Drawing Techniques


Architectural Wall Sections
In architectural drawings, wall sections are often
included to specify the composition of a wall as shown in
the Figure. Drafters often refer to an exterior wall
section when determining roof angles, overhangs of
rafters, and heights of walls and ceilings in the elevation
view.

Sections are also drawn on foundation plans to show
details of the composition of foundation beams, slabs,
and footings.


Roof Profiles on Architectural Elevations
The angle of a roof is called its pitch. Pitch is specified as a ratio of the vertical rise of the roof (measured in inches) to the
horizontal run of the roof (measured in inches). Using this notation, a roof with a 4/12 pitch would rise 4 inches for every 12
inches of horizontal run. A roof with a 12/12 pitch would rise 12 inches for every 12 inches of run. A 12/12 pitch would result in a
roof angle of 45 degrees.

A roof pitch symbol is created by drawing a horizontal line that is crossed near one end by a vertical line like the ones shown
along the roof profiles in the Figure. The rise is labeled next to the vertical line and the run (usually 12 inches) is noted above
the horizontal line.

In the roof profile shown in the Figure , for every 12 inches the roof runs along its horizontal axis, it rises 10 inches. This pitch
specification would be referred to as a 10:12 roof pitch.
Notating Roof Pitch in an Elevation View
Roof pitch notation
Run
for a roof plane
that is not shown
in profile Rise

Roof Pitch Symbol


Using the Floor Plan to Locate Features on Elevations
When creating elevation drawings, the physical location of features on the floor plan, like doors and windows for example, can be
used to locate these same features in the elevation drawing.
The Figure shows the floor plan of the Guest Cottage you drew earlier in this course. Also shown in this figure are the front,
back, and side elevations of the Guest Cottage. In this figure, information about the size and location of the windows, outside
walls and the front door were projected from the floor plan to the elevation views.

Locate the 45 degree miter lines in the
corners of the Figure and note how
Projecting Elevation Features of the Guest Cottage from the Floor Plan
information is projected between the front,
back, and side views through these miter
lines.

The multiview projection technique
shown in the Figure is commonly
used by architectural drafters to
create elevation views.


Summary
In the early stages of an architectural project, designers and clients work together to produce a design that meets the
client’s needs and budget.

During the design stage, the designer may communicate with the client through sketches, rendered CAD models, or
scale models built of cardboard and foam-core.

When the client is satisfied with the initial design, drafters work under the supervision of the designer to create a set
of construction documents containing all of the information necessary to build the project.

Construction documents (CD’s) are the center-piece of every construction project and almost everyone who has a
role in the construction of the project relies on architectural working drawings to accomplish their job, from lenders
who reviewing CD’s to determine the levels of funding for the project, to contractors who use CD’s during the bidding
and construction phases of the project.

Drafters must understand how to apply CAD techniques, like the use of block libraries, in order to produce CD’s
quickly without sacrificing detail and accuracy.


Architectural Working Drawings Project-The Cabin


Unit 12 Drawing Project
Cabin Floor
Project 12-1 The Cabin Plan
In this project you will create the floor plan and
elevations for a small cabin. The finished
sheets
will resemble the ones shown in Figures

Directions:

1. Create a new file named CABIN
PROJECT.

2. Create the following layers: Floor Plan,
Doors, Electric Plan, Switch Lines,
Plumbing
Plan, Kitchen, Labels, Dimensions, Wall
Hatch, Elevations, and Notes. Assign a
color to each layer and set the linetype for
the Switch Lines layer to Phantom. Cabin Elevations

3. Follow the steps and directions on
following
pages to create the floor plan and the front
and right elevations of the cabin.


Step 1. Drawing the Cabin’s Perimeter Walls
Set Floor Plan as the current layer and Perimeter Walls
draw the perimeter of the cabin using
the dimensions shown in in the Figure .
Use the Offset command to draw the
walls at 4” thick. Hint: use the polyline
command to draw the perimeter as one
entity, this will facilitate using the offset
command to create the wall thickness.

When Architectural units are in effect,
distances will default to inches unless
you enter a foot mark (’). For example,
for a line 24 feet 6 inches in length enter
24’-6 (you do not need to type the inch
mark after 6 because AutoCAD will
default to inches).

Enter dimensions with fractions by
typing a dash between the inch value
and the fractional value: example-15’9-
1/2.
Note: Do not add dimensions to the
floor plan until you are instructed to
do so in Step 12.

***to work on this project you can adjust

your dimensions unit to centimeters or to

any unit that is to your convenience


Step 2. Drawing the Interior Walls Interior Walls
Use the dimensions shown in the
Figure to construct the interior walls.

You can locate these walls by offsetting
their edges from the edges of known
walls.

Draw all interior walls 4” wide except for
the 6” wide wall noted in the figure.


Step 3. Creating a Block Library Block Library of Architectural Symbols
Open the drawing file named Cabin
Symbols that is located on the
Student Resource CD in the
Prototype Drawings folder and use
Save As to save the file to your
Home folder.

Make blocks for each of the symbols
shown in the Figure (refer to Unit 10
on block creation and editing if
necessary).

Make the blocks on layer 0 and
assign base points that you think will
facilitate placing the blocks into the
drawing.

Save the Cabin Symbols drawing.


Accessing Cabin Symbols’ Blocks through Design Center
The blocks created in Step 3 which were saved in the Cabin Symbols drawing can be accessed for use in the Cabin
Project by using Design Center. The steps to using Design Center follow:

Step A. Open Design Center by picking on the Design Center icon located on the Standard Toolbar (see the
following)

Locating Design Center Icon on the Standard Toolbar

Design Center Icon


Accessing Cabin Symbols’ Blocks through Design Center-Continued
Step B. When the DesignCenter window opens, browse through the file tree on the left side of the window and find the Cabin Symbols
drawing located in your Home folder (see the Figure).

Step C. Double-click on the Cabin Symbols drawing file and from the tree below the Cabin Symbols file name, double-click on “Blocks”.
The blocks you created will be visible in the content area to the right of the file tree.

Step D. Insert the blocks by “dragging and dropping” them into the drawing holding down the pick button of your mouse, or by
selecting a block, right-clicking the mouse, choosing Insert Block, and inserting the block in the usual way.

DesignCenter Window

Select the Cabin Double
Drag and Drop Block from

Symbols Drawing Click on
Content Area into the
File from the File Blocks
Drawing
Tree

Window Placement
Step 4. Placing the Windows
Locate the centers of the windows
by offsetting the perimeter wall lines
using the dimensions shown in the
Figure.

Use Design Center to access the
block library created for the Cabin
Symbols drawing and insert the
window blocks into the walls of the
floor plan.

Trim the walls to the edges of the
windows as shown in the Figure.


Step 5. Placing the Doors Door Placement
Set the Doors layer current. Offset wall
lines to locate centers and edges of
doors-for example, the opening for a door
marked 26 will be 2’ 6” wide.

Allow a minimum of 4” on door returns.
Insert the desired door block from the
Design Center location and trim to edges
of the door block as shown in the Figure.

The construction details for the bi-bold
door are shown in the Figure.

Bi-Fold Door


Step 6. Drawing the Fireplace Adding the Fireplace and Hearth.
Refer to the details shown in the Figure to
construct the fireplace. Add the fire-place to
the drawing as shown in the Figure. Center
the hearth on the fireplace and draw it 1’
wide X 5’ long.

Fireplace Details.

Fireplace Hearth


Step 7. Drawing the Kitchen and Bath Placement of Kitchen Cabinets and Plumbing Fixtures
Set the Kitchen layer current and add the
kitchen cabinets and kitchen fixtures as shown
in the Figure.
The lower kitchen cabinets are drawn 24
inches wide.
The upper cabinets represented with dashed
lines and are drawn 12 inches wide.
Open Design Center and insert the blocks of
the kitchen fixtures by selecting them from the
Cabin Symbols drawing file.
Next, set the Plumbing Plan layer current and
insert the bathroom fixtures, furnace and water
heater as shown in the Figure.
Open Design Center and insert the blocks of
the bathroom fixtures, furnace and water
heater from the Cabin Symbols drawing file.
Add the dryer vent and hose bib as shown in
the Figure .

Hose Bib

4” X 4” Dryer Vent

Electrical plan
Step 8. Drawing the Electric Plan
Set the Electric Plan layer current. Open
Design Center and insert the blocks of the
electric symbols from the Cabin Symbols
drawing file into the floor plan as shown in
the Figure.

Then, set Switch Lines as the current
layer and using the Spline command,
draw the switch legs from the switches to
the lamps as shown in the Figure.

In an electrical plan, switch legs represent
the electrical circuit that connects the
switches to the lamps (or other electric
fixtures) and are drawn as phantom lines.

Note: you will probably need to set the
LTSCALE of the drawing to a larger value
in order for dashes to appear in the
phantom lines.


Adding Labels to the Floor Plan
Step 9. Adding Labels
Set the Labels layer current and add
the labels shown in the Figure.

Set the Standard Text Style’s font to
Stylus BT, and use the following text
heights: for room names use 6” text
height, for detail notes or “call outs”
use 4” text height, and where very
small text is shown, use 3” text height.

In the title block use 8” text for the
Drawing Name and 6” text for the
Scale.


Step 10. Adding the Porch, Stoop, and Hatching the Walls
Set the Floor Plan layer current and Floor Plan with Porch, Stoop and Hatched Walls
draw the Porch and Stoop as shown in
the Figure.
Draw the stoop 6 feet long and 4 feet
wide. Use 6 inch wide boards for the
Porch and Stoop flooring.
The treads of the porch steps should be
drawn 12 inches wide.
Add an 8” diameter cedar post to the
front left corner of the porch roof. This
post supports the roof above the front
porch.
Next, set Wall Hatch as the current layer
and hatch the walls and the cedar post
with the Net pattern. Set to a scale of the
hatch pattern to 10.


Step 11. Architectural Change Orders
Earlier today, the Project Architect met with
the client and showed him the plans for the Cabin Floor Plan after Architectural Change Order
cabin as drawn up until now.

After consulting with the architect, the client
has decided to change the layout of the floor
plan to reflect the changes shown in the
Figure.

Making these changes at this point in the
process may increase the fees the
architectural firm will charge the client for
this project.

Changes may also affect the final
construction cost of the cabin.

When the architect returned to the office,
she issued a formal Architectural Change
Order to the drafting department requesting
the changes.

The change order will note the specific
changes that need to be made to the floor
plan.
By following a formal process in making
these changes, the architectural firm creates
a record of what changes were made, when
they were made, and by whom.
Edit your floor plan to reflect all of the
changes to the living area and kitchen
shown in the Figure and
reapply the hatch pattern to the walls when

the changes are complete.

Step 12. Adding Dimensions and
the Roof Overhang Dimensioning
the Floor Plan
Set the Dimensions layer
current and add dimensions as
shown in the following Figures.

Before adding dimensions,
apply the dimension settings
shown in the Figure to the tabs
of the Dimension Style
Manager dialog box.

The dashed lines around the
perimeter walls of the floor plan
in the shown Figure
represent the edges of the roof
overhang.

Drafters can determine the
placement of these lines by
referring to the elevation
sketches of the cabin and
noting the rafter overhang
distances.

The roof overhand around the
main part of the cabin is 18
inches, but the roof overhang
around the water heater closet
is 6 inches on the sides and 12
inches along the outside edge.

When this step is completed
the floor plan of the cabin is

finished.

Step 12. Adding Dimensions and the Roof Overhang-continued

Detail of Floorplan
Dimensions


Step 12. Adding Dimensions and the Roof Overhang-continued

Detail of Floorplan Dimensions


Dimension Style Settings for The dimension style settings for the cabin project are shown in Figures.
the Cabin Project The values shown in these tabs may seem large when compared to the settings for a mechanical
drawing--for example setting text height to 5”--but when the project is printed to a scale of
3/16”=1’-0”, the settings will be proportional to the size of the printed sheets.
Cabin Project Dimension Style Setting Cabin Project Dimension Style Setting Cabin Project Dimension Style Setting

Cabin Project Dimension Style Cabin Project Dimension Style Setting
Setting


Creating the Elevations of the Cabin Project
Using the same prototype drawing used to create the floor plan of the cabin, draw the front and right elevations as shown in the
Figure

Remember that architectural elevations are constructed using multi-view drawing techniques and that information will be projected
from one view to the next as the views are constructed.

The steps to create the elevations are shown on the following pages.
Front and Right Elevations


Relating the Cabin Elevations to Features on the Cabin Floor Plan
When creating elevation Relating the Cabin’s Elevations to the Floor Plan.
drawings of the cabin, the
dimensions shown on the floor
plan are used to locate exterior
features such as doors,
windows, porches, and the
chimney.

The dashed lines in the Figure
illustrate how multi-view drawing
techniques can be applied to an
architectural drawing to project
the size and location of features
in the floor plan to the front and
side elevations.

In the Figure locate the 45
degree miter line in the lower
right corner and notice how
information is projected between
the front and side views through
the miter line.


Wall Framing
An understanding of the basics of framing is very helpful to drafters when constructing elevation drawings. The method used to frame
the wall will determine the heights of ceilings, windows, and other exterior features.
The example in the Figure shows the front and end views of a length of wall framing. In this example, the studs are placed 16” on
center.
The Figure also shows the framing for the rough openings for a window and a door. The rough opening is sized by the framers to
accommodate the size of the window or door specified on the plan. Generally, rough openings will be about 2 1/2” wider and taller than
the window or door specified on the floor plan.
Wall Framing Example


Framing example for
windows and door.

Exterior view of wall from example
shown above with radiant barrier. The
porch in this example is “stamped”
concrete.


Constructing the Right Side Elevation
Follow Steps 13 through 23 to draw the
elevations of the cabin. The first view to
The Right Side Elevation
be drawn is the right side elevation shown
in the Figure . This view was chosen
because it shows the profile of the roof’s
pitch.

When this view is complete, construction
lines will be projected from its features to
assist in the construction of the front view
of the cabin.


Step 13. Drawing the Exterior Wall
Set the Elevations layer current and
begin the drawing of the right elevation
Exterior Wall Dimensions
by constructing the cabin’s exterior wall
as shown the Figure.

The line labeled Finish Grade in the
Figure is the point where the foundation
of the cabin meets the ground line.

109


Step 14. Drawing the Rafters
Follow the directions shown in the Figure to define the 10/12 rafter pitch that begins at the upper left corner of the exterior
wall constructed in Step 13.

Drawing a 10/12 Rafter Pitch

Set Ortho on and draw a
horizontal line from this corner
12” to the left. Then draw a 10”
vertical line up from the end
Rafter point of the first line.

il Next, connect the end points of
D eta the two lines to define the rafter
er pitch line.
Raf t


Step 15. Drawing the Rafter Overhang
The rafter overhangs the outside edge of the wall 1’-6” as shown in the Figure. To create this overhang, offset the outside wall line
1’-6” inches to the right and extend the bottom edge of the rafter pitch line to the offset line. From the end of the rafter pitch line
draw a line perpendicular to the 10/12 pitch and extend the lines that were offset in Step 14 to the perpendicular line to define the
rafter’s end.

Detail of the Rafter Overhang

Draw this line
perpendicular
to the rafter
pitch line and
extend the top
line of the
rafter and the
trim piece to
it.


Step 14. Drawing the Rafters-Continued
Next, offset the rafter pitch line 10” and 8” as shown in the Figure. The first offset line represents the rafter’s width of
10 inches. The second offset line is used to represent a 2 inch wide piece of trim attached along the rafter’s top edge.

Offsetting the Rafter Pitch Line

First, offset the rafter pitch line at a distance of 10”.

Then, offset the rafter 8”.


Step 16. Extending the Rafter to the Roof Peak
Offset the outside right edge of the exterior wall 12 feet to the left. Use grips edit to lengthen the line so that the lines
representing the rafter and the finished floor and grade can be extended to it (Note: having Ortho On will facilitate
lengthening this line).

Then, Extend the rafter and the finished floor and grade lines to the offset line as shown in the Figure.

Extending the Rafter

Lengthen this line so that the
rafter’s lines can extend to it.

Offset this line 12’
to the left.


Step 17. Mirroring the Roof Line and Wall
Mirror the rafter, foundation and right outside wall as shown in the Figure. Select the offset line created in Step 15 as the
mirror line.

Mirroring the Roof Line

Mirror Line


Step 18. Constructing the Left Side Wall and Roof Profile
Copy the left side wall created in Step 17 eight feet toward the left (Ortho should be On). Then construct the rafter as you
did in Steps 14 and 15 but this time with a 4/12 pitch. Extend the rafter lines until they intersect with the 10/12 pitch roof
section as shown in the Figure.

Constructing the Left Side Wall and Roof

Copy this wall 8’ to the left.


Step 19. Completing the Profile of the Right Elevation

Use trim, extend, and erase to complete the profile of the right elevation as shown in the Figure.

Right Elevation after removal of Construction Lines


Step 20. Adding Windows, Doors and Trim
Window dimensions for the 3040 window are shown in the Figure. The trim dimensions will be the same for other windows and
exterior doors.

Open Design Center and insert blocks of the exterior door and windows from the Cabin Symbols drawing.

Use a 6” wide trim piece along the top edges of doors and windows and draw the angled cuts at 15 degrees from vertical.

Next, using dimensions from the floor plan, add the chimney and locate the water heater closet. Note: You will not be able to add
the roof to the water heater closet at this time because you will need information projected from the front elevation.

Window Dimensions

117


Step 21. Constructing the Front Elevation
Information from features in the right elevation, such as the roof height, and location of and height the porch steps and
chimney, can be projected to the front elevation. The dashed lines in the Figure show where geometry is projected between
the views.
Construct the side wall and the 4/12 roof pitch for the water heater closet in the Front elevation using the same techniques
used during the construction of the Right elevation. Notice how the water closet’s roof extends to the cabin’s right side wall in
the front elevation. It will be necessary to project the water heater closet’s roof geometry from the Front elevation back to the
Right elevation in order to complete the construction of the water heater closet in the right elevation.
Projecting Information between the Right Elevation and the Front Elevation


Step 22. Completing the Front Elevation
The spacing for the front door and windows is shown in the Figure. The dimensions shown reflect the distances between centers. These
dimensions are for reference only and should not be shown on the elevation view. Open Design Center and insert blocks for the front door
and windows from the Cabin Symbols drawing into the elevation view.

Front Door and Window Placement


Step 23. Adding Notes to the Elevations
Add notes to the elevations as shown in follo0wing Figures. The text height for notes should be 4”. Where leaders are needed use the Spline
option of the MULTILEADER command found on the Multileader toolbar. To set MULTILEADER to the Spline option, choose the
MULTILEADER STYLE icon from the Multileader toolbar and when the Multileader Style Manager dialog box opens, pick the Modify button.
From the Leader Format tab change the Type from Straight to Spline and pick OK and Close. Next, select the MULTILEADER command from
the Multileader toolbar and place the leaders as needed.

Front Elevation Notes


Step 24. Plotting the Sheets
Follow your instructor’s directions to plot the sheets. If your plotter or printer allows, each sheet can be plotted on a 17 X 11 sheet using the
monochrome setting at a scale of 3/16”=1’0”. The plotted sheets should resemble the examples shown in the following Figure.


Cabin Project-Completed Elevation Plan


Cabin Project-Completed Floor Plan


Foundation Plan-
Optional
The cabin is built on a concrete slab
foundation. The details for the
foundation are found on this page
and the following page.
Use the footprint of the cabin to
define the perimeter of the
foundation. Offset beams 12”.


Foundation Sections
Use the AR-CONC hatch pattern to represent the concrete
and the Earth hatch pattern to represent the soil around the
section detail.


Cabin Project-Completed Foundation Plan


Additional Example for working drawings


Professional Autocad

Recomendados

Recomendados

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

La actualidad más candente (20)

Destacado

Destacado (20)

Similar a Professional Autocad

Similar a Professional Autocad (20)

Más de Ayele Bedada

Más de Ayele Bedada (11)

Professional Autocad

Notas del editor