Phytomedicine and Ayurveda are both herbal medicine systems but have some differences. [1] Phytomedicine uses modern scientific techniques to study plants and identify active compounds, while Ayurveda is an ancient system that considers a plant's taste, potency, and other properties. [2] Both believe plants can work synergistically and target multiple systems, but Ayurveda is a complete medical science while phytomedicine focuses only on herbal remedies. [3] Extraction methods differ, with phytomedicine primarily using alcohol and Ayurveda using water, oils, or self-generated alcohols from plants.

1. PHYTOMEDICINE AND AYURVEDA
VAIDYA ANIRUDDHA S. KULKARNI
SHREE ATMARAJ AYURVEDEEYA CHIKITSALAYA,
SHANIWAR PETH, MIRAJ.

2. INTRODUCTION
IN PAST DECADE A TREMENDOUS RESURGENECE IN THE
INTEREST AND USE OF MEDICINAL PLANT PRODUCTS IS
SEEN
BOOST DUE TO MEDIA COVERAGE AND ENTRANCE OF
SEVERAL MAJOR PHARMA COMPANIES
NEUTRACUTICALS AND PHYTOMEDICINES

3. FOCUS AREAS OF RESEARCH
PHYTOCHEMISTRY-IDENTIFICATION OF ACTIVE PRINCIPLES
PHARMACOGNOSY-ASSAYS OF BIOACTIVITY, IDENTIFICATION
OF POTENTIAL MODES OF ACTION, TARGET SITES FOR ACTIVE
PHYTOCHEMICAL COMPOUNDS
HORTICULTURE-DEVELOPING THE CAPACITY FOR OPTIMAL
GROWTH

4. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
PRIMARY PRODUCTS
SECONDARY PRODUCTS
CARBOHYDRATES
ALKALOIDS
LIPIDS
POLYPHENOL
PROTEINS
TERPENOIDS
CHLOROPHYLL
GLYCOSIDES
NUCLEIC ACID

5. SYNERGISTIC ACTION
THE BENEFITS OF PHYTOMEDICINES OFTEN RESULT FROM SYNERGISTIC
ACTIONS OF MULTIPLE ACTIVE CHEMICALS
IT IS BENEFICIAL BY ELIMINATING THE BAD SIDE EFFECTS ASSOCIATED WITH
THE PREDOMINANCE OF A SINGLE XENOBIOTIC COMPOUND IN THE BODY
THESE CAN BE PRODUCED IF THE CONSTITUENTS OF AN EXTRACT AFFECT
DIFFERENT TARGETS OR INTERACT WITH ONE ANOTHER TO IMPROVE
SOLUBILITY AND THEREBY ENHANCE THE BIOAVAILABILITY OF ONE OR
SEVERAL SUBSTANCES OF AN EXTRACT

6. PHYTOMEDICINE
PHYTOMEDICINE IS MODERN AND SCIENCE BASED HERBAL MEDICINE
QUALIFIED PHYTOTHERAPISTS USE HERBS TO TREAT THE DISEASES
THE METHODS USED TO EVALUATE PLANT BASED MEDICINES ARE SIMILAR TO THOSE USED BY
ORTHODOX MEDICINE
THEY ARE SAFE FOR MANY CONDITIONS
PHYTOTHERAPISTS CONDUCT INDIVIDUAL CONSULTATION AND THEN DISPENSE A MEDICINE. IT
DOES NOT USE ANY OTHER THERAPIES LIKE ACCUPUNCTURE, PANCHKARMA ETC.
PHARMACOGNOSY IS AT THE HEART OF PHYTOMEDICINE

7. WELL KNOWN ACTIVE PRINCIPLES
DERIVED FROM PLANTS
SHIKIMIC ACID FROM ANIS SEED
TAXUS BREVIFOLIA IS THE ACTIVE CONSTITUENT OF TAXOL
MORPHINE FROM OPIUM POPPY
QUININE FROM CINCHONA BARK
SALICIN FROM WILLOW BARK KNOWN AS ASPIRIN
ATROPINE FROM BELLADONA
STRYCHNINE FROM STRYCHHNOS
DIGOXIN FROM FOXGLOVE

8. AYURVEDA
ANCIENT MEDICAL SCIENCE OF INDIA
SCIENCE OF LIFE – PREVENTIVE AND CURATIVE ASPECTS
ABUNDANT MENTIONS, STUDIES AND USES OF MEDICINAL PLANTS IN ALL
DISEASES
HUMAN BEING IS MADE UP OF SAME CONSTITUENTS AS THE NATURE.
SO, THEY BOTH INFLUENCE EACH OTHER.
PLANTS ARE USED FOR NUTRITIONAL AS WELL AS MEDICINAL PURPOSE

9. PLANT DESCRIPTION BY AYURVEDA
MORPHOLOGICAL
PHYSIOLOGICAL
MEDICINAL

10. ACTIVE INGREDIENTS OF PLANTS
RASA (TASTE) –
SWEET, SOUR, SALTY, PUNGENT, BITTER
AND ASTRINGENT
TREATMENT IS
NOTHING BUT
RESTORATION OF
DERANGED BODY VEERYA (POTENCY) – COLD AND HOT
ELEMENTS –
ANATOMICALLY
AND
PHYSIOLOGICALLY
PRABHAVA (UNIQUE AND SPECIFIC VIPAKA (TASTE AFTER DIGESTION) –
ACTIONS) SWEET, SOUR AND PUNGENT

11. SPECIFIC PARTS OF PLANTS SPECIES
AERIAL
PARTS
RHIZOME LEAF
ROOT FLOWER
BARK FRUIT

12. EXTRACTION OF PHYTOCHEMICALS
MAINLY USE ALCOHOL TO EXTRACT THE PLANT’S ACTIVE
CONSTITUENTS FROM DRY OR FRESH PLANTS
ALCOHOLIC EXTRACTS ARE PREPARED BY MACERATION
AND/OR PERCOLATION
MOST PHYTOMEDICINES ARE PRESCRIBED AS ALCOHOLIC
TINCTURES, TAKEN TWICE DAILY WITH A DOSE OF 15 ML
EACH TIME

13. ROLE OF PHYTOMEDICINES
UNIQUE INDIVIDUAL DIAGNOSIS IS MUST
BEFORE DECIDING THE APPROPRIATE DRUGS
THEY STIMULATE OR STRENGTHEN THE BODY’S
OWN FUNCTIONS AND IMMUNE
SYSTEM, HENCE SUPPORT THE BODY TO
RESTORE ITSELF TO HEALTH

14. PHYTOMEDICINE CONSULTATION
ASSESSMENT OF THE PERSON AS A WHOLE
DETAILED MEDICAL HISTORY, LIFESTYLE, DIET, OTHER
CAUSES ARE CONSIDERED RATHER THAN FOCUSING ON
DISEASE OR SYMPTOMS
REQUIRED INVESTIGATIONS ARE DONE

15. STANDERDISATION
IDENTIFICATION – BASIS OF PART USED/SYNONYM/LOCATION OF EXISTENT/TIME OF THE YEAR/ TASTE/
ODOUR/ COLOUR/ ACTION/ USE
COLLECTION AND STORAGE – MAHABHUTA PREDOMINANT TERAIN/ NORTH DIRECTION
STEMS AND LEAVES- VARSHA AND VASANTRITU
ROOT – GRISHMA AND SHISHIR
BARK/SKIN – SHARAD
FLOWERS/FRUITS – ACCORDINGLY
STORE PROPERLY

16. QUALITY
DEPENDS ON SPECIES, COLLECTION AND
STORAGE
IN MODERN TIMES PROCESSES LIKE
HPCL, GC, UV/VIS OR AA ARE USED TO IDENTIFY
SPECIES, MEASURE BACTERIOLOGICAL
CONTAMINATION AND POTENCY

17. SAFETY
ADULTERATION, INAPPROPRIATE FORMULATION
OR LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF PLANT AND
DRUG REACTIONS THAT ARE SOMETIMES LIFE
THREATENING OR LETHAL
IMPURITIES AND PURIFICATION –
PHYSICAL, CHEMICAL AND NATURAL

18. METHODS OF PURIFICATION
• WASHING • DECOLORATION
• SIFTING • BOILING
• ELUTRIATION • RUBBING
• LIXIVIATION • DIPPING
• PERCOLATION • SUBLIMATION
• MACERATION • BACHNAG
• DIALYSIS • DHATURA SEED
• DESPUMATION

19. ROUTES OF ADMINISTRATION
TINCTURES TOPICALS
HERBAL WINES ESSENTIAL OILS
TISANES
OILS, BALMS
DECOCTIONS
CREAMS, LOTIONS
MACERATES
POULTICES
VINEGARS
SYRUPS COMPRESSIONS
EXTRACTS INHALATIONS

20. SIMILARITIES BETWEEN
PHYTOTHERAPY AND AYURVEDA
BOTH ARE BASED ON TRADITIONAL HERBAL MEDICINES
INSTEAD OF FOCUSING ON SYMPTOMATIC RELIEF, BOTH TRY TO CORRECT
THE IMBALNCE IN BODY ELEMENTS
HERBS CONSTITUTE MAINSTREAM OF TREATMENT
MANY TYPES OF DRUG PREPARATION METHODS ARE MENTIONED
THEY BOTH BELIEVE IN SYNERGISTIC ACTION AND MULTIFUNCTIONALITY

21. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
PHYTOTHERAPY AND AYURVEDA
AYURVEDA IS A COMPLETE MEDICAL SCIENCE WHILE PHYTOTHERAPY IS A BRANCH OF
MEDICINE
EVALUATION OF MEDICINAL PALNTS AND PATIENTS ARE COMPLETELY DIFFERENT
AYURVEDA OFFERS PURIFICATION AND PALLIATIVE TREATMENTS WHILE PHYTOTHERAPY
AVOIDS USE OF CO-THERAPIES
PHYTOTHERAPY MAJORITILY USE ALCOHOL FOR EXTRACTING ACTIVE PRINCIPLES, WHILE
AYURVEDA USES WATER, OIL, GHEE AND SELF GENERATED ALCOHOL AS THE SOLVENTS
PHYTOMEDICINES ARE PRESCRIBED IN 15ML DOSE TWO TIMES DAILY, WHILE AYURVEDA
USES VARIOUS DRUG DOSAGE AND TIME SCHEDULES

22. THANK YOU!!!
HAPPY NEW YEAR
2012