O assunto Inteligência artificial (AI) nunca esteve tão presente no nosso dia a dia. Estamos vivenciando um momento de avanços exponenciais na área e não faltam exemplos de aplicações para todo o lado. Assim, é crescente a discussão que os resultados desses trabalhos façam emergir as chamadas superinteligências – seres mais capazes do que nós em todos os aspectos. Em Janeiro de 2017, na praia de Asilomar na Califórnia, foi realizada a conferência Beneficial 2017, onde parte da elite mundial no assunto se reuniu e discutiu o levantar da AGI – Artificial General Intelligence, como é tecnicamente conhecida a Inteligência Artificial de abrangência ampla. Estiveram presentes nomes como Elon Musk, Ray Kurzweil, Juergen Schmidhuber, dentre muitos outros. A conferência culminou com os Princípios de AI de Asilomar, que visam guiar as pesquisas e desenvolvimentos na direção de superinteligências benéficas para os humanos. Neste papo, será apresentada uma perspectiva histórica e futura do tema, discutindo os 23 princípios e os impactos que poderiam ser causados por AIs não benéficas para os humanos. Palestra apresentada no Hack Town 2017
3. (c) Antonio Alberti, Inatel, 2014.!
VERY OFTEN, PEOPLE CITE MOORE'S LAW AS AN EXAMPLE
OF LAW CAPABLE OF PREDICTING TECHNOLOGICAL
DEVELOPMENTS IN COMPUTING POWER.
Gordon Moore, 2004.
4. “THE QUANTITY OF
TRANSISTORS THAT
CAN BE PLACED
INEXPENSIVELY ON
AN INTEGRATED
CIRCUIT HAS
DOUBLED
APPROXIMATELY
EVERY TWO YEARS.”
5. (c) Antonio Alberti, Inatel, 2014.!
MORE RECENTLY, RAYMOND KURZWEIL PRESENTED A
THEORY FOR TECHNOLOGICAL EVOLUTION AND A NEW
LAW THAT EXPANDS MOORE LAW TO DESCRIBE THE
EXPONENTIAL GROWTH OF TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES
THE LAW OF
ACCELERATING
RETURNS
6. (c) Antonio Alberti, Inatel, 2014.!
KURZWEIL PRESENTED A SERIES OF FIGURES SHOWING
EXPONENTIAL GROWTH TRENDS FOR MEMORY CAPACITY
(DRAM IN BITS PER DOLLAR), MICROPROCESSOR CLOCK
SPEED (HZ), TRANSISTORS PER CHIP, PROCESSOR
PERFORMANCE (MIPS), MAGNETIC STORAGE (BITS PER
DOLLAR).
9. “THE SINGULARITY IS AN ERA IN
WHICH OUR INTELLIGENCE WILL
BECOME INCREASINGLY
NONBIOLOGICAL AND TRILLIONS OF
TIMES MORE POWERFUL THAN IT IS
TODAY—THE DAWNING OF A NEW
CIVILIZATION THAT WILL ENABLE US
TO TRANSCEND OUR BIOLOGICAL
LIMITATIONS AND AMPLIFY OUR
CREATIVITY.”
10.
11. ACCORDING TO THIS BLOG, THE TERM
SINGULARITY WAS USED BY THE FIRST
TIME IN A JANUARY 1983 ISSUE OF
OMNI MAGAZINE.
“WE ARE AT THE POINT OF
ACCELERATING THE EVOLUTION OF
INTELLIGENCE ITSELF.”
12. SOME POSSIBLE PATHS TO TECHNOLOGICAL SINGULARITY
• SUPERCOMPUTING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
• HACKING HUMAN INTELLIGENCE ON SUPERCOMPUTERS
• SUPERCOMPUTING STIMULATED EVOLUTION
• SELF-IMPROVING SWARMS OF MICRO/NANO ROBOTS
• SELF-IMPROVING ROBOTICS
• SELF-IMPROVING INFORMATION ARCHITECTURES
• HUMAN-MACHINE CONVERGENCE
14. THE GOAL OF AI RESEARCH SHOULD BE TO CREATE NOT
UNDIRECTED INTELLIGENCE, BUT BENEFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
15. INVESTMENTS IN AI SHOULD BE ACCOMPANIED BY FUNDING FOR
RESEARCH ON ENSURING ITS BENEFICIAL USE:
HOW CAN WE MAKE FUTURE AI SYSTEMS HIGHLY ROBUST, SO
THAT THEY DO WHAT WE WANT WITHOUT MALFUNCTIONING OR
GETTING HACKED?
HOW CAN WE GROW OUR PROSPERITY THROUGH AUTOMATION
WHILE MAINTAINING PEOPLE’S RESOURCES AND PURPOSE?
16. HOW CAN WE UPDATE OUR LEGAL SYSTEMS TO BE MORE FAIR
AND EFFICIENT, TO KEEP PACE WITH AI, AND TO MANAGE THE
RISKS ASSOCIATED WITH AI?
WHAT SET OF VALUES SHOULD AI BE ALIGNED WITH, AND WHAT
LEGAL AND ETHICAL STATUS SHOULD IT HAVE?
17. THERE SHOULD BE CONSTRUCTIVE AND HEALTHY EXCHANGE
BETWEEN AI RESEARCHERS AND POLICY-MAKERS.
18. TEAMS DEVELOPING AI SYSTEMS SHOULD ACTIVELY COOPERATE
TO AVOID CORNER-CUTTING ON SAFETY STANDARDS.
19. IF AN AI SYSTEM CAUSES HARM, IT SHOULD BE POSSIBLE TO
ASCERTAIN WHY.
20. (c) Antonio Alberti, Inatel, 2014.!
THANK YOU!!
Antonio Marcos Alberti!
Vinicius Soares!