SlideShare una empresa de Scribd logo
1 de 26
Descargar para leer sin conexión
1
SOLID WASTE
MANAGEMENT
OVERVIEW
 Kinds of Wastes
 Waste Generation
 Solid Waste in India
 Solid Waste management methods
What are Wastes?
Waste (also known as rubbish, refuse, garbage, junk) is unwanted or
useless materials. In biology, waste is any of the many unwanted
substances expelled from living organisms, metabolic waste; such as urea
and sweat.
Kinds of Wastes
Solid wastes: wastes in solid forms, domestic, commercial and industrial wastes
Examples: plastics , bottles, cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trash
Liquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils,
waste water from ponds, manufacturing industries and other sources.
Bio-degradable :can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others)
Non-biodegradable :cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines, cans,
Styrofoam containers and others)
Hazardous wastes: Substances unsafe to use commercially, industrially,
agriculturally, or economically and have any of the following properties- ignitability,
corrosivity, reactivity & toxicity.
Non-hazardous : Substances safe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or
economically and do not have any of those properties mentioned above. These
substances usually create disposal problems.
Classification of wastes according to
their origin and type
 Municipal Solid wastes: Solid wastes that include household
garbage, rubbish, construction & packaging materials, trade refuges
etc. are managed by any municipality.
 Bio-medical wastes: Solid or liquid wastes including containers,
products generated during diagnosis, treatment & research activities
of medical sciences.
 Industrial wastes: Liquid and solid wastes that are generated by
manufacturing & processing units of various industries like chemical,
petroleum, coal, metal gas, sanitary & paper etc.
 Agricultural wastes: Wastes generated from farming activities.
These substances are mostly biodegradable.
 Fishery wastes: Wastes generated due to fishery activities.
 E-wastes: Electronic wastes generated from any modern
establishments. They may be described as discarded electrical or
electronic devices. Some electronic scrap components, such as
CRTs, wires, circuits, mobile, computers etc.
Sources of Wastes
Households
Industry
Sources of Wastes
Agriculture
Fisheries
7
Sources of Wastes
STRUCTURE OF
SOLID WASTE
Solid Waste
Refuse Trash
Bulky wastes (TV, refrigerators goods,
Broken furniture, etc.)
Garbage Rubbish
non-degradable (glass, rubber,
Metals, plastics non-metal set)
Vegetables, Meats, food
Wastes and other readily
Degradable organic wastes slowly degradable (paper, wood
Products, textiles etc.)
WASTE GENERATIONS RATES OF SOME ASIAN COUNTRIES
MSW GENERATION FROM THE METROPOLITANS OF INDIA
Solid Waste in India
 7.2 million tonnes of hazardous waste
 One Sq km of additional landfill area every-year
 Rs 1600 crore for treatment & disposal of these wastes
 In addition to this industries discharge about 150 million tonnes of high
volume low hazard waste every year, which is mostly dumped on open low
lying land areas.
Growth of Solid Waste In India
 Waste is growing by leaps & bounds
 In 1981-91, population of Mumbai increased from 8.2 million to 12.3 million
 During the same period, municipal solid waste has grown from 3200 tonnes
to 5355 tonne, an increase of 67%
 City like Bangalore produces 2000 tonnes of waste per annum.
 Waste collection is very low for all Indian cities.
Waste Collection in India
 Primarily by the city municipality
-No gradation of waste product e.g. bio-degradable, glasses, polybags, paper shreds
etc
-Dumps these wastes to the city outskirts
 Local raddiwala / kabadiwala
 -Collecting small iron pieces by magnets
-Collecting glass bottles
-Collecting paper for recycling
How solid waste affected us in recent years?
 In Mumbai (2005) clogged the sewage line due to large no. of plastic bags.
 Blast in the Bhusan Steel factory at Noida, caused due to imported scrap from Iran
 Reduction in the number of migratory birds due to consumption of contaminated
foods
 animals dying on streets and farmland due to consumption of plastic bags, which
blocks the food movement in their stomach
HEALTH IMPACTS OF SOLID WASTE
 Exposure to hazardous waste can affect human health,
children being more vulnerable to these pollutants.
 Improperly operated incineration plants cause air pollution
and improperly managed and designed landfills attract all
types of insects that spread disease.
 Direct handling of solid waste results in chronic diseases
with the waste workers.
1.LAND FILL
 It is the most traditional method of waste disposal.
 Waste is directly dumped into disused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.
 Disposed waste is compacted and covered with soil
 Gases generated by the decomposing waste materials are often burnt to generate
power.
 It is generally used for domestic waste.
ADVANTAGES
Landfill site is a cheap waste disposal option for the local council.
Jobs will be created for local people.
Lots of different types of waste can be disposed of by landfill in comparison to other waste
disposal methods.
The gases given off by the landfill site could be collected and used for generating power.
DISADVANTAGES
The site will look ugly while it is being used for landfill.
Dangerous gases are given off from landfill sites that cause local air pollution and contribute to
global warming.
Local streams could become polluted with toxins seeping through the ground from the landfill
site.
Once the site has been filled it might not be able to be used for redevelopment as it might be
too polluted.
LAND REQUIRED FOR DISPOSAL OF MSW EMMISION OF METHANE FROM LANDFILL
2. INCINERATION
 Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of solid
waste at 1000C.
 waste materials are converted into ash, flue gas, and heat.
 The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and gases due
to organic waste.
 the heat generated by incineration is used to generate electric power.
ADVANTAGES
 Minimum of land is needed compared to other disposal methods.
 The weight of the waste is reduced to 25% of the initial value.
 No risk of polluting local streams and ground waters as in landfills.
 Incineration plants can be located close to residential areas.
 Gases are used to generate power.
DISADVANTAGES
 Expensive
 Required skilled labour.
 The chemicals that would be released into the air could be strong pollutants and
may destroy ozone layer (major disadvantage).
 high energy requirement.
COMPACTION:
 The waste is compacted or compressed. It also breaks up large or fragile items of
waste.
 This process is conspicuous in the feed at the back end of many garbage collection
vehicles. Deposit refuse at bottom of slope for best compaction and control of
blowing litter.
PYROLYSIS:-
 Pyrolysis is defined as thermal degradation of waste in the absence of air to
produce char, pyrolysis oil and syngas, e.g. the conversion of wood to charcoal also
it is defined as destructive distillation of waste in the absence of oxygen. External
source of heat is employed in this process.
1 2
3
The 3 R’s
 REDUCE
 You can help by PRECYCLING. 1/3 of all garbage is packaging.
 Buy things that are in packages that can be recycled or are made of recycled
materials.
 When you buy something small, say no thanks to a bag.
 REUSE
 Many things can be reused before you throw them out.
 Use coffee cans and cottage cheese containers for storage
 Use backs of paper or backs of used envelopes for jotting notes
 Put leftovers in resalable containers instead of using wraps and foil
 Use old clothes as rags for cleaning instead of paper towels
 Have a garage sale or donate clothes, books or toys that you don't use anymore
 RECYCLE
 Each year we use:
 25 billion plastic containers
 30 billion bottles & jars
 65 billion aluminum cans
 100 billion pounds of paper
CONCLUSION:
 It is found that with increase in the global population and
the rising demand for food and other essentials, there has
been a rise in the amount of waste being generated daily
by each household. Waste that is not properly managed,
especially excreta and other liquid and solid waste from
households and the community, are a serious health
hazard and lead to the spread of infectious diseases.
REFERENCE:
 Solid Waste Management Manual (2000), Central Public Health and Environmental
Engineering Organization (CPHEEO), Government of India.
 Solid Waste Management in Greater Bombay, (September 2004)
www.atsdr.cdc.gov
 Gupta, Sanjay K (April 2004), “Waste Management”, India Together
www.indiatogether.org/2004/apr/env-rethink.htm.
 Anon, 2001. State of Environment- Indian 2001.
 Environmental Protection Agency
http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/index.htm
http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/index.htm
solid waste management

Más contenido relacionado

La actualidad más candente

HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPT
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPTHAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPT
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPTMAHAMMED RAFI
 
Waste sources and types
Waste sources and typesWaste sources and types
Waste sources and typesPramoda Raj
 
Classification of waste and storage methods
Classification of waste and storage methodsClassification of waste and storage methods
Classification of waste and storage methodsHamsa Sam Sam
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste managementArvind Kumar
 
Integrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste managementIntegrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste managementJini Rajendran
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste managementVivek Mvk
 
Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)
Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)
Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)GAURAV. H .TANDON
 
Sustainable Waste Management
Sustainable Waste ManagementSustainable Waste Management
Sustainable Waste ManagementShourya Puri
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste managementAnushi Jain
 
Municipal Solid waste Management in INDIA
Municipal Solid waste Management in INDIAMunicipal Solid waste Management in INDIA
Municipal Solid waste Management in INDIARavi Varma reddy
 
Solid waste mgt
Solid waste mgtSolid waste mgt
Solid waste mgtAnkit Jain
 
Solid Waste Generation and Handling
Solid Waste Generation and HandlingSolid Waste Generation and Handling
Solid Waste Generation and Handlingmihretdananto
 
Solid waste management using 4 r
Solid waste management using 4 rSolid waste management using 4 r
Solid waste management using 4 rZesrin Rezoana
 
Integrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste managementIntegrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste managementNisha Nandy
 

La actualidad más candente (20)

Municipal solid waste
Municipal solid waste Municipal solid waste
Municipal solid waste
 
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPT
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPTHAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPT
HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT---PPT
 
Waste sources and types
Waste sources and typesWaste sources and types
Waste sources and types
 
Classification of waste and storage methods
Classification of waste and storage methodsClassification of waste and storage methods
Classification of waste and storage methods
 
Solid waste - Environmental Health
Solid waste - Environmental Health  Solid waste - Environmental Health
Solid waste - Environmental Health
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste ManagementSolid Waste Management
Solid Waste Management
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
Integrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste managementIntegrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste management
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
Solid waste ppt
Solid waste pptSolid waste ppt
Solid waste ppt
 
Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)
Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)
Solid Waste Management (Unit-V)
 
Sustainable Waste Management
Sustainable Waste ManagementSustainable Waste Management
Sustainable Waste Management
 
Landfilling
Landfilling Landfilling
Landfilling
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
Municipal Solid waste Management in INDIA
Municipal Solid waste Management in INDIAMunicipal Solid waste Management in INDIA
Municipal Solid waste Management in INDIA
 
Solid waste mgt
Solid waste mgtSolid waste mgt
Solid waste mgt
 
Solid Waste Generation and Handling
Solid Waste Generation and HandlingSolid Waste Generation and Handling
Solid Waste Generation and Handling
 
Solid waste management using 4 r
Solid waste management using 4 rSolid waste management using 4 r
Solid waste management using 4 r
 
Integrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste managementIntegrated solid waste management
Integrated solid waste management
 

Destacado

Waste Management
Waste ManagementWaste Management
Waste Managementvishakeb
 
Solid waste management model
Solid waste management modelSolid waste management model
Solid waste management modelEshwari P
 
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14fahadansari131
 
Dumping of mining waste (2)
Dumping of mining waste (2)Dumping of mining waste (2)
Dumping of mining waste (2)Pranjit Sharmah
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste managementNabeela Basha
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste managementshusrusha
 
Hazardous waste management (2)
Hazardous waste management (2)Hazardous waste management (2)
Hazardous waste management (2)angbeen choudhary
 
Mass media intro
Mass media introMass media intro
Mass media introAiden Yeh
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste managementebchandar
 
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECTSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECTTrishan Perera
 
Solid waste and disposal methods
Solid waste and disposal methodsSolid waste and disposal methods
Solid waste and disposal methodsAnkur Verma
 
Pamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pit
Pamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pitPamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pit
Pamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pitElaine Estacio
 
Disposal of Wastes
Disposal of WastesDisposal of Wastes
Disposal of WastesRajesh Ludam
 
Collection of solid waste
Collection of solid wasteCollection of solid waste
Collection of solid wasteMd Moniruzzaman
 
Garbage its types and everything related
Garbage its types and everything relatedGarbage its types and everything related
Garbage its types and everything relatedGarbo
 

Destacado (20)

Waste Management
Waste ManagementWaste Management
Waste Management
 
Solid waste management model
Solid waste management modelSolid waste management model
Solid waste management model
 
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14
Solid waste management by Muhammad Fahad Ansari 12IEEM14
 
Dumping of mining waste (2)
Dumping of mining waste (2)Dumping of mining waste (2)
Dumping of mining waste (2)
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
Carbonation of concrete
Carbonation of concreteCarbonation of concrete
Carbonation of concrete
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
Mass media ppt
Mass media pptMass media ppt
Mass media ppt
 
Hazardous waste management (2)
Hazardous waste management (2)Hazardous waste management (2)
Hazardous waste management (2)
 
Mass media intro
Mass media introMass media intro
Mass media intro
 
Landfills
LandfillsLandfills
Landfills
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
Proposal on Solid Waste Management
Proposal on Solid Waste ManagementProposal on Solid Waste Management
Proposal on Solid Waste Management
 
Waste Management
Waste ManagementWaste Management
Waste Management
 
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECTSOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PROJECT
 
Solid waste and disposal methods
Solid waste and disposal methodsSolid waste and disposal methods
Solid waste and disposal methods
 
Pamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pit
Pamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pitPamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pit
Pamamaraan sa paggawa ng compost pit
 
Disposal of Wastes
Disposal of WastesDisposal of Wastes
Disposal of Wastes
 
Collection of solid waste
Collection of solid wasteCollection of solid waste
Collection of solid waste
 
Garbage its types and everything related
Garbage its types and everything relatedGarbage its types and everything related
Garbage its types and everything related
 

Similar a solid waste management

waste generation.pptx
waste generation.pptxwaste generation.pptx
waste generation.pptxnaveen kumar
 
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptx
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptxENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptx
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptxnaveen kumar
 
Solid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptx
Solid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptxSolid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptx
Solid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptxMonalPatel21
 
3R slogan for our environmental protection
3R slogan for our environmental protection3R slogan for our environmental protection
3R slogan for our environmental protectionSibyala Sai Prakash
 
Environmental studies
Environmental studiesEnvironmental studies
Environmental studiessakthidevi86
 
Waste Management HSE traning slide .pptx
Waste Management HSE traning slide .pptxWaste Management HSE traning slide .pptx
Waste Management HSE traning slide .pptxmdbashir12
 
Waste and its disposal
Waste and its disposalWaste and its disposal
Waste and its disposalAMARESH JHA
 
PPT WASTE MANAGEMENT - ARYAN NANDA.pdf
PPT WASTE MANAGEMENT  - ARYAN NANDA.pdfPPT WASTE MANAGEMENT  - ARYAN NANDA.pdf
PPT WASTE MANAGEMENT - ARYAN NANDA.pdfJitendra Kumar Nanda
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste managementADAM S
 
SOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptx
SOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptxSOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptx
SOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptxsapna kinattinkara
 
triptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docx
triptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docxtriptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docx
triptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docxSilviaTerrones2
 
Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste Management Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste Management Rahul Goyal
 
LAND POLLUTION.pptx
LAND POLLUTION.pptxLAND POLLUTION.pptx
LAND POLLUTION.pptxBhoomiGoud
 
biomedical waste management
biomedical waste managementbiomedical waste management
biomedical waste managementRakesh Swain
 
Chapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdf
Chapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdfChapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdf
Chapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdfShotosroyRoyTirtho
 
9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptx
9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptx9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptx
9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptxRENERGISTICS
 

Similar a solid waste management (20)

Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
waste generation.pptx
waste generation.pptxwaste generation.pptx
waste generation.pptx
 
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptx
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptxENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptx
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATIONS OF BUILDINGS.pptx
 
Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste ManagementSolid Waste Management
Solid Waste Management
 
Solid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptx
Solid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptxSolid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptx
Solid waste BFDGFD DFHDFH GFDFHD DRGDRX RGEG management.pptx
 
3R slogan for our environmental protection
3R slogan for our environmental protection3R slogan for our environmental protection
3R slogan for our environmental protection
 
Waste management
Waste managementWaste management
Waste management
 
Environmental studies
Environmental studiesEnvironmental studies
Environmental studies
 
Waste Management HSE traning slide .pptx
Waste Management HSE traning slide .pptxWaste Management HSE traning slide .pptx
Waste Management HSE traning slide .pptx
 
Waste and its disposal
Waste and its disposalWaste and its disposal
Waste and its disposal
 
PPT WASTE MANAGEMENT - ARYAN NANDA.pdf
PPT WASTE MANAGEMENT  - ARYAN NANDA.pdfPPT WASTE MANAGEMENT  - ARYAN NANDA.pdf
PPT WASTE MANAGEMENT - ARYAN NANDA.pdf
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste managementSolid waste management
Solid waste management
 
SOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptx
SOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptxSOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptx
SOLID WASTE AND ITS MANAGEMENT.pptx
 
triptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docx
triptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docxtriptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docx
triptico la contaminación ambiental en ingles 2.docx
 
Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste Management Solid Waste Management
Solid Waste Management
 
LAND POLLUTION.pptx
LAND POLLUTION.pptxLAND POLLUTION.pptx
LAND POLLUTION.pptx
 
biomedical waste management
biomedical waste managementbiomedical waste management
biomedical waste management
 
Chapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdf
Chapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdfChapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdf
Chapter 7 - Waste Treatment.pdf
 
9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptx
9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptx9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptx
9. WASTE COLLECTION AND TRANSPORT.pptx
 
Solid waste management
Solid waste management Solid waste management
Solid waste management
 

Último

Gender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 Project
Gender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 ProjectGender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 Project
Gender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 Projectreemakb03
 
Landsman converter for power factor improvement
Landsman converter for power factor improvementLandsman converter for power factor improvement
Landsman converter for power factor improvementVijayMuni2
 
me3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part A
me3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part Ame3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part A
me3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part Akarthi keyan
 
Test of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptx
Test of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptxTest of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptx
Test of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptxHome
 
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptxUNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptxrealme6igamerr
 
دليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide Laboratory
دليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide Laboratoryدليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide Laboratory
دليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide LaboratoryBahzad5
 
Power System electrical and electronics .pptx
Power System electrical and electronics .pptxPower System electrical and electronics .pptx
Power System electrical and electronics .pptxMUKULKUMAR210
 
Dev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & Logging
Dev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & LoggingDev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & Logging
Dev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & LoggingMarian Marinov
 
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...amrabdallah9
 
Basic Principle of Electrochemical Sensor
Basic Principle of  Electrochemical SensorBasic Principle of  Electrochemical Sensor
Basic Principle of Electrochemical SensorTanvir Moin
 
Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...
Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...
Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...Apollo Techno Industries Pvt Ltd
 
Vertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptx
Vertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptxVertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptx
Vertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptxLMW Machine Tool Division
 
Graphics Primitives and CG Display Devices
Graphics Primitives and CG Display DevicesGraphics Primitives and CG Display Devices
Graphics Primitives and CG Display DevicesDIPIKA83
 
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdfsdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdfJulia Kaye
 
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdfHow to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdfRedhwan Qasem Shaddad
 
Multicomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdf
Multicomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdfMulticomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdf
Multicomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdfGiovanaGhasary1
 
Modelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovations
Modelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovationsModelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovations
Modelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovationsYusuf Yıldız
 
Engineering Mechanics Chapter 5 Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
Engineering Mechanics  Chapter 5  Equilibrium of a Rigid BodyEngineering Mechanics  Chapter 5  Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
Engineering Mechanics Chapter 5 Equilibrium of a Rigid BodyAhmadHajasad2
 
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptxMohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptxKISHAN KUMAR
 

Último (20)

Gender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 Project
Gender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 ProjectGender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 Project
Gender Bias in Engineer, Honors 203 Project
 
Landsman converter for power factor improvement
Landsman converter for power factor improvementLandsman converter for power factor improvement
Landsman converter for power factor improvement
 
me3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part A
me3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part Ame3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part A
me3493 manufacturing technology unit 1 Part A
 
Lecture 4 .pdf
Lecture 4                              .pdfLecture 4                              .pdf
Lecture 4 .pdf
 
Test of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptx
Test of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptxTest of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptx
Test of Significance of Large Samples for Mean = µ.pptx
 
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptxUNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
UNIT4_ESD_wfffffggggggggggggith_ARM.pptx
 
دليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide Laboratory
دليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide Laboratoryدليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide Laboratory
دليل تجارب الاسفلت المختبرية - Asphalt Experiments Guide Laboratory
 
Power System electrical and electronics .pptx
Power System electrical and electronics .pptxPower System electrical and electronics .pptx
Power System electrical and electronics .pptx
 
Dev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & Logging
Dev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & LoggingDev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & Logging
Dev.bg DevOps March 2024 Monitoring & Logging
 
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
Strategies of Urban Morphologyfor Improving Outdoor Thermal Comfort and Susta...
 
Basic Principle of Electrochemical Sensor
Basic Principle of  Electrochemical SensorBasic Principle of  Electrochemical Sensor
Basic Principle of Electrochemical Sensor
 
Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...
Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...
Technology Features of Apollo HDD Machine, Its Technical Specification with C...
 
Vertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptx
Vertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptxVertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptx
Vertical- Machining - Center - VMC -LMW-Machine-Tool-Division.pptx
 
Graphics Primitives and CG Display Devices
Graphics Primitives and CG Display DevicesGraphics Primitives and CG Display Devices
Graphics Primitives and CG Display Devices
 
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdfsdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
sdfsadopkjpiosufoiasdoifjasldkjfl a asldkjflaskdjflkjsdsdf
 
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdfHow to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
How to Write a Good Scientific Paper.pdf
 
Multicomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdf
Multicomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdfMulticomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdf
Multicomponent Spiral Wound Membrane Separation Model.pdf
 
Modelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovations
Modelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovationsModelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovations
Modelling Guide for Timber Structures - FPInnovations
 
Engineering Mechanics Chapter 5 Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
Engineering Mechanics  Chapter 5  Equilibrium of a Rigid BodyEngineering Mechanics  Chapter 5  Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
Engineering Mechanics Chapter 5 Equilibrium of a Rigid Body
 
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptxMohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
Mohs Scale of Hardness, Hardness Scale.pptx
 

solid waste management

  • 2. OVERVIEW  Kinds of Wastes  Waste Generation  Solid Waste in India  Solid Waste management methods
  • 3. What are Wastes? Waste (also known as rubbish, refuse, garbage, junk) is unwanted or useless materials. In biology, waste is any of the many unwanted substances expelled from living organisms, metabolic waste; such as urea and sweat.
  • 4. Kinds of Wastes Solid wastes: wastes in solid forms, domestic, commercial and industrial wastes Examples: plastics , bottles, cans, papers, scrap iron, and other trash Liquid Wastes: wastes in liquid form Examples: domestic washings, chemicals, oils, waste water from ponds, manufacturing industries and other sources. Bio-degradable :can be degraded (paper, wood, fruits and others) Non-biodegradable :cannot be degraded (plastics, bottles, old machines, cans, Styrofoam containers and others) Hazardous wastes: Substances unsafe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or economically and have any of the following properties- ignitability, corrosivity, reactivity & toxicity. Non-hazardous : Substances safe to use commercially, industrially, agriculturally, or economically and do not have any of those properties mentioned above. These substances usually create disposal problems.
  • 5. Classification of wastes according to their origin and type  Municipal Solid wastes: Solid wastes that include household garbage, rubbish, construction & packaging materials, trade refuges etc. are managed by any municipality.  Bio-medical wastes: Solid or liquid wastes including containers, products generated during diagnosis, treatment & research activities of medical sciences.  Industrial wastes: Liquid and solid wastes that are generated by manufacturing & processing units of various industries like chemical, petroleum, coal, metal gas, sanitary & paper etc.  Agricultural wastes: Wastes generated from farming activities. These substances are mostly biodegradable.  Fishery wastes: Wastes generated due to fishery activities.  E-wastes: Electronic wastes generated from any modern establishments. They may be described as discarded electrical or electronic devices. Some electronic scrap components, such as CRTs, wires, circuits, mobile, computers etc.
  • 9. STRUCTURE OF SOLID WASTE Solid Waste Refuse Trash Bulky wastes (TV, refrigerators goods, Broken furniture, etc.) Garbage Rubbish non-degradable (glass, rubber, Metals, plastics non-metal set) Vegetables, Meats, food Wastes and other readily Degradable organic wastes slowly degradable (paper, wood Products, textiles etc.)
  • 10. WASTE GENERATIONS RATES OF SOME ASIAN COUNTRIES
  • 11. MSW GENERATION FROM THE METROPOLITANS OF INDIA
  • 12. Solid Waste in India  7.2 million tonnes of hazardous waste  One Sq km of additional landfill area every-year  Rs 1600 crore for treatment & disposal of these wastes  In addition to this industries discharge about 150 million tonnes of high volume low hazard waste every year, which is mostly dumped on open low lying land areas. Growth of Solid Waste In India  Waste is growing by leaps & bounds  In 1981-91, population of Mumbai increased from 8.2 million to 12.3 million  During the same period, municipal solid waste has grown from 3200 tonnes to 5355 tonne, an increase of 67%  City like Bangalore produces 2000 tonnes of waste per annum.  Waste collection is very low for all Indian cities.
  • 13. Waste Collection in India  Primarily by the city municipality -No gradation of waste product e.g. bio-degradable, glasses, polybags, paper shreds etc -Dumps these wastes to the city outskirts  Local raddiwala / kabadiwala  -Collecting small iron pieces by magnets -Collecting glass bottles -Collecting paper for recycling How solid waste affected us in recent years?  In Mumbai (2005) clogged the sewage line due to large no. of plastic bags.  Blast in the Bhusan Steel factory at Noida, caused due to imported scrap from Iran  Reduction in the number of migratory birds due to consumption of contaminated foods  animals dying on streets and farmland due to consumption of plastic bags, which blocks the food movement in their stomach
  • 14. HEALTH IMPACTS OF SOLID WASTE  Exposure to hazardous waste can affect human health, children being more vulnerable to these pollutants.  Improperly operated incineration plants cause air pollution and improperly managed and designed landfills attract all types of insects that spread disease.  Direct handling of solid waste results in chronic diseases with the waste workers.
  • 15. 1.LAND FILL  It is the most traditional method of waste disposal.  Waste is directly dumped into disused quarries, mining voids or borrow pits.  Disposed waste is compacted and covered with soil  Gases generated by the decomposing waste materials are often burnt to generate power.  It is generally used for domestic waste.
  • 16. ADVANTAGES Landfill site is a cheap waste disposal option for the local council. Jobs will be created for local people. Lots of different types of waste can be disposed of by landfill in comparison to other waste disposal methods. The gases given off by the landfill site could be collected and used for generating power. DISADVANTAGES The site will look ugly while it is being used for landfill. Dangerous gases are given off from landfill sites that cause local air pollution and contribute to global warming. Local streams could become polluted with toxins seeping through the ground from the landfill site. Once the site has been filled it might not be able to be used for redevelopment as it might be too polluted.
  • 17. LAND REQUIRED FOR DISPOSAL OF MSW EMMISION OF METHANE FROM LANDFILL
  • 18. 2. INCINERATION  Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of solid waste at 1000C.  waste materials are converted into ash, flue gas, and heat.  The ash is mostly formed by the inorganic constituents of the waste and gases due to organic waste.  the heat generated by incineration is used to generate electric power.
  • 19. ADVANTAGES  Minimum of land is needed compared to other disposal methods.  The weight of the waste is reduced to 25% of the initial value.  No risk of polluting local streams and ground waters as in landfills.  Incineration plants can be located close to residential areas.  Gases are used to generate power. DISADVANTAGES  Expensive  Required skilled labour.  The chemicals that would be released into the air could be strong pollutants and may destroy ozone layer (major disadvantage).  high energy requirement.
  • 20. COMPACTION:  The waste is compacted or compressed. It also breaks up large or fragile items of waste.  This process is conspicuous in the feed at the back end of many garbage collection vehicles. Deposit refuse at bottom of slope for best compaction and control of blowing litter.
  • 21. PYROLYSIS:-  Pyrolysis is defined as thermal degradation of waste in the absence of air to produce char, pyrolysis oil and syngas, e.g. the conversion of wood to charcoal also it is defined as destructive distillation of waste in the absence of oxygen. External source of heat is employed in this process.
  • 22. 1 2 3
  • 23. The 3 R’s  REDUCE  You can help by PRECYCLING. 1/3 of all garbage is packaging.  Buy things that are in packages that can be recycled or are made of recycled materials.  When you buy something small, say no thanks to a bag.  REUSE  Many things can be reused before you throw them out.  Use coffee cans and cottage cheese containers for storage  Use backs of paper or backs of used envelopes for jotting notes  Put leftovers in resalable containers instead of using wraps and foil  Use old clothes as rags for cleaning instead of paper towels  Have a garage sale or donate clothes, books or toys that you don't use anymore  RECYCLE  Each year we use:  25 billion plastic containers  30 billion bottles & jars  65 billion aluminum cans  100 billion pounds of paper
  • 24. CONCLUSION:  It is found that with increase in the global population and the rising demand for food and other essentials, there has been a rise in the amount of waste being generated daily by each household. Waste that is not properly managed, especially excreta and other liquid and solid waste from households and the community, are a serious health hazard and lead to the spread of infectious diseases.
  • 25. REFERENCE:  Solid Waste Management Manual (2000), Central Public Health and Environmental Engineering Organization (CPHEEO), Government of India.  Solid Waste Management in Greater Bombay, (September 2004) www.atsdr.cdc.gov  Gupta, Sanjay K (April 2004), “Waste Management”, India Together www.indiatogether.org/2004/apr/env-rethink.htm.  Anon, 2001. State of Environment- Indian 2001.  Environmental Protection Agency http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/nonhaz/index.htm http://www.epa.gov/epawaste/conserve/index.htm

Notas del editor

  1. GNI: gross national income