Herbal medicine Posted on กุมภาพันธ์ 4, 2013 by nichpk PowerPoint handout for Drug in daily life for accountancy and Management student (international). : Herbal medicine Download link :Herbal medicine

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Herbal medicine
Herbal medicine Herbal medicine
 Herbal medicine also called
botanical medicine or
phytomedicine.
 Herbal medicine is medicine
Herbal medicine is medicine
derived from natural sources
include plants, fungal and bee
products, as well as minerals,
shells and certain animal parts.
Nichthima Pengnakorn
Faculty of Pharmacy, MSU
Powerpoint Templates
History of herbal medicine
 Indigenous cultures (such as African and Native American) used
herbs in their healing rituals, while others developed
traditional medical systems (such as Ayurveda and Traditional
Chinese Medicine) in which herbal therapies were used.
 RResearchers found that people in different parts of the
h f d th t l i diff t t f th
world tended to use the same or similar plants for the
same purposes.
 Plants had been used for medicinal purposes
long before recorded history. Ancient Chinese
and Egyptian papyrus writings describe
medicinal uses for plants as early as 3,000 BC.
www.messagetoeagle.com http://www.cambridgetcm.co.uk/therapies/
http://africanwoman-sekhemetshathor.blogspot.com/2011/02/reflexology-is-very-efficient-healing.html
http:// www.indianetzone.com
Thai traditional medicine Herbal medicines in Primary health care
 The Kingdom of Thailand has its own system of  Primary health care has increased the use of
traditional medicine called Thai traditional medicine. medicinal plants by the public, an attempt has also
 It originated during the Sukhothai period (1238‐1377). been made to increase the use of herbal medicines in
 Treatments prescribed for patients can be herbal hospitals in place of modern medicines, where
medicine preparations, Thai traditional massage, hot
medicine preparations, Thai traditional massage, hot appropriate, by including some herbal medicines on
herbal compresses, or herbal steam baths. the National List of Essential Drugs.
www.interiorstudio1.com
http://www.tm.mahidol.ac.th/tmho/alternative_cure_thai_en.htm
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National List of Essential medicines Main active ingredients herbal medicine
 Primary metabolites
 71 herbal medicines have been  Found in all plants and perform primary metabolic
registered under the National requirements. For example ; Carbohydrate ,Lipid…
List of Essential Medicine.  Secondary metabolites
 Unique to specific species.
 Increase their overall ability to survive and overcome local
challenges by allowing them to interact with their
• The publication of Medicinal Plants Manual for environment. For example Terpenoids, Alkaloids , Flavonoids….
health‐care workers and the public with 57 medicinal
plants were selected and recommended for the
treatment and relief of 19 groups of common minor
symptoms and diseases.
Roles of Secondary metabolites
 Self protection
 antioxidant, free radical‐scavenging
 UV light‐absorbing
 Antiproliferative
 Protection against herbivory and microbial infection
g y
such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses.
 Attractants for pollinators and seed‐dispersing
animals.
 Allelopathic defenders of the plant’s growing space
against competitor plants.
http://www.plantphysiol.org/content/138/3/1763/F4.full
How to prepare herbal medicine Infusions
 Infusions  Water is brought just to a boil and then poured over an
 Decoctions herb. Covered and allowed to sit/steep for 10‐15 minutes.
 Macerations
 Tinctures
 Poultices and Compresses
Poultices and Compresses
 Baths and Bathing Remedies
 Powders
http://www.herbal-information.com/how-to-use-medicinal-herb
http://www.howdoesshe.com/hooray-for-herbal-tea/
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Decoctions Tinctures
 Plant material is boiled for a longer  A tincture is an alcohol (40% – 50%) and water extract
period of time to soften the harder which is used when plants have active chemicals that are
woody material and release its active not very soluble in water, and/or when a larger quantity is
constituents. prepared for convenience and wanted for longer term
 Strong Decoctions is to boil the storage.
mixture longer. This is usually
i l Thi i ll
indicated when working with larger
woody pieces of bark. Longer boiling
time, up to 2 hours or more or boiling
20 minutes, then it is allowed to soak
overnight before straining out the
herb.
http://www.barberynresorts.com/spain/ayurveda/illness.htm http://mountainroseblog.com/guide-tinctures-extracts/
http://www.holisticbodytherapy.net/wellnessproducts/tinctures-potions-and-elixirs
Macerations Poultices and Compresses
 Poultices are applied herbal directly to the skin. Usually
 The fresh or dried plant material is simply on rashes and wounds and as topical pain‐relieving
covered in cool water and soaked overnight. remedies. Poultices are prepared by mashing up fresh
 Normally this is used for very tender plants leaves or roots by hand or with a mortar and pestle then
and/or fresh plants, or those with delicate apply on skin.
chemicals that might be harmed by heating
h i l th t i ht b h d b h ti
or which might be degraded in strong
alcohol.
http://vireoperfumes.blogspot.com/2010/04/lapsang-souchong-infusion-for-sale.html http://www.keeperofthehome.org/2011/07/sunburn-soothers-herbal-remedies-for-summers-ailments.h
http://www.nailsmag.com/demoarticle/1262/herbal-warrior-relief-pedicure
Thai Herbal Compress ball
Compresses
 Compresses are simply soaking a cloth in a prepared
infusion, tincture or decoction and laying the cloth
onto the affected part of the body/skin.
 Thai Herbal Compress ball is a combination of
healing herbs is bundled together in a muslin cloth,
g g ,
steamed and then applied to the body in gentle
pressing, circular and rolling movements.
http://www.aromantic.com/herbal-compresses.htm
http://www.orchid-spa.com/product_details_th.php?rid=242
http://www.massagemag.com/Magazine/2007/issue133/Thai-Herbal-Compress-Technique-Thailand.php
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Baths and Bathing Remedies Powders
 Medicinal plants are added to bath water and the  Most of herbs have 60‐80% moisture
patient is soaked in it. Fresh plants are generally used content and can not be stored
without drying. Some herbs can be
for bathing remedies by chopped or crushed before dried in sun and some or air dried in
adding to the bath water . shade by hanging them upside down
 In the alternative, try 20 to 30 ounces of a strong
, y g from the stems. Dried herbs should
decoction or infusion added to bath water and soak be crushed by spice mill, coffee
grinder, food processor, or traditional
in it for at least 10 minutes. mortar and pestle.
 Herbal powder can be filled in to
gelatin capsules or mixed with honey
and formed into traditional herbal
pills by hand.
http://www.women-health-info.com/152-Body-Odor-natural-remedies.htm
http://www.ayahuascaassociation.org/receiving-treatment-from-a-curande
Recommendations for the use of herbal Peptic ulcer
Right
Plant
Turmeric
 Curcuma longa Linn.
 Part Used : Rhizome
Right
Right Part
g
 Turmeric contains curcumin
5
Symptom and an essential
and an essential
oil. Curcumin is polyphenol,
rights increases the mucus content
in gastric juices
and prevents histamine
induced gastric
Right Right ulceration. Dry rhizomes
Process amount yield 5.8 % essential oil
Peptic ulcer Flatulence , Dyspepsia
 Turmeric
Banana  Curcuma longa Linn; Rhizome
 Ginger
 Musa Saptentum  Zingiber officinale; Rhizome
 Clove
 Part used : Green unripe  Syzygium aromaticum; Oil from flower
fruits  Garlic
 Bananas have long been  Allium sativum; Bulb
Alli i B lb
 Holy basil
recognized for their  Ocimum sanctum; Leaf
antacid effects that  Lemon grass
protect against stomach  Cymbopogon citratus; Stem
ulcers and ulcer damage.  Black pepper
Effects on various mucosal  Piper nigrum; Fruit
defensive factors .  Fingerroot
 Boesenbergia rotunda; Root
http://www.oisat.org/crops/fruits/banana.html
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Diarrhea Diarrhea
Andrographis
Guava
 Andrographis paniculata
 Part used : Leaf , stem  Psidium guajava Linn.
 Andrographolide is an extremely bitter  Part used: Leaf (infusion) or
substance extracted from the stem and unripe fruits (mixed with
leaves. It is a useful supplement for limewater (calcium hydroxide))
treating diarrhea resulting from  Leaves contain a fixed oil
infection with the E. coli bacteria. ,volatile oil, tannin and
 Andrographis might stimulate the saponins.
immune system.  Properties: Anti‐diarrheal,
 Side effects : loss of appetite, diarrhea, antiseptic, antispasmodic
vomiting, rash, headache, and fatigue. and astringent.
Diarrhea Diarrhea
Mangosteen  Banana
 Garcinia mangostana  Musa Saptentum ; Green unripe fruits
 Part used : Rind (mixed
with limewater)
 Pomegranate
 Mangosteen rind contains
 Punica granatum L.; Rind,Bark (mixed with
(mixed with
tannins, it is an excellent
i i i ll limewater)
astringent can be used for
 The rind of the fruit and the bark of the
the prevention and
treatment of dysentery pomegranate tree is used as a
and diarrhea and used for traditional remedy against diarrhea,
the treatment of dysentery and intestinal parasites.
numerous skin diseases.
http://www.panteek.com/Nooten/
Constipation Constipation
Tamarind Hoary Basil/ Hairy Basil.
 Tamarindus indica  Ocimum basilicum L. f.
 Part used; Ripe fruits citratum Back;
 Tamarind pulp is rich in  Part used; Seed
Part used; Seed
pectin, simple sugars and
organic acids, including  Basil seed is used as a
tartaric and citric acid. It is bulk‐forming laxativeใ
a natural mild laxative,  May prevent sugar
and is eaten fresh or in
absorption and help
dried form to relieve
constipation. reduce appetite.
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Constipation Nausea and vomit
Senna Indian Mulberry, Noni
 Senna alexandrina P.  Morinda citrifolia L.
Miller
 Part used; unripe fruits
 Part used : Leaf, Pod
 The decoction or infusion
 Leaves and Pods contain
of roasted mature unripe
anthraquinone glycoside
such as sennoside A and fruits is commonly used
B, aloe emodin, for the treatment of
dianthrone glycoside. nausea and vomiting.
 Senna is used as a
stimulant laxative.
http://plantgenera.org/illustration.php?id_illustration=31423
Nausea and vomit Anthelmintic *
Ginger
Ebony tree
 Zingiber officinale
 Diospyros mollis Griff.
 Part used : Rhizome
 Part used : Green unripe
(dried,infusion) fruit
 Ginger to be effective for
Ginger to be effective for  Mixed unripe fruits
Mixed unripe fruits (The number
reducing the nausea and of fruits equivalent to patient age but not
vomiting associated with more than 25) with coconut milk.
pregnancy.  Used to get rid of a parasitic
 Take ginger before starting Threadworm, Hookworm
chemotherapy treatments and Tapeworm.
helped to reduce the severity of  Used extensively to dye
nausea. black silk since ancient times
* Drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) from the body, by either stunning or killing them.
Anthelmintic Loss of appetite
Pumpkin  Senna ขี้เหล็ก (Kee‐Lek)
 Cucurbita moschata Decne., Cucurbita  Senna siamea (Lam.) Irwin & Barneby
maxima Duch.  Part used : Leaf, Flower
 Part used : Seed
 60 g of seedsare ground and added to  Tinospora crispa บอระเพ็ด(Bo‐ra‐phet)
500ml of milk that has been
500ml of milk that has been
sweetened with 15 ml of honey and  Tinospora crispa (Linn.)
30 ml of cane sugar. One‐third of this  Part used : Skin and stem
mixture should be swallowed every
two or three hours and after the last
 Bitter melon
dose, followed by castor oil two hours
later.  Momordica charantia L.
 Eliminate both tapeworms and  Part used : Green unripe fruit
roundworms.
http://www.westafricanplants.senckenberg.de/root/index.php?page_id=14&id=3056
http://www.floracafe.com/Popup.aspx?Img=photogallery/Tinospora%20crispa%20Int
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Cough Suppression of Urine
 Ginger  Natural Diuretics
 Part used : Rhizome (as Ginger Lemon tea)  Lemon grass
 Part Used: Stem
 Indian gooseberry, Emblica
 Phyllanthus emblica L.
 Part used : Fruit  Roselle
 Hibiscus sabdariffa L.
b bd ff
 Lemon  Part Used: Fruit
 Part used : Fruit
 Indian Marsh Fleabane
 Solanum indicum L.
 Solanum indicum L. มะแวงตน,  Pluchea indica (L.) Less.
 Solanum trilobatum L. มะแวงเครือ  Part Used: Leaf, Stem
 Part used : Fruit For patient : Check with your doctor or pharmacist before you
take any other medicines or herbal remedies at the same time
as a diuretic.
Dermatophytosis Burns
 Superficial fungal infection  Aloe vera
 Aloe barbadensis Mill.
 Garlic  Part Used: Clear gel inside the leaves
 Part Used: Bulb
 White crane flo er ทองพนชง
White crane flower ั ั่
 Rhinacanthus nasutus Kurz.
 Part Used: Leaf (Tinctures)
 Betel vine พลู
 Piper betle Linn.
 Part Used: Leaf (Tinctures)
Muscle pain
 Cassumunar ginger
 Vichai Chokevivat.THE ROLE OF THAI TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN HEALTH PROMOTION.;
 Zingiber cassumunar Roxb. online
 Part used : Rhizome http://www.thaihealingalliance.com/membersonly/Research_and_Other_Items_of_Inte
rest/The%20Role%20ofThai%20Traditional%20Medicine%20in%20Health%20Promotion,
 Essential oil was an active %20by%20Vichai%20Chokevivat%20and%20Anchalee%20Chuthaputti.pdf
ingredient having analgesic and  National List of Essential medicines ; online
anti‐inflammatory properties.
anti inflammatory properties http://www.thaifda.com/ed2547/?pg=herbal
// / /
 Med plant Database online: http://www.medplant.mahidol.ac.th
 B. Buchanan, W. Gruissem, R. Jones, Eds.(2000) Biochemistry & Molecular Biology of
Plants. Natural Products (Secondary Metabolites); p 1250‐1318.
www.thaicrudedrug.com
www.abhaiherb.net
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