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Similar a Biochemistry Chapter 22: Fatty Acid Metabolism
Similar a Biochemistry Chapter 22: Fatty Acid Metabolism (20)
Biochemistry Chapter 22: Fatty Acid Metabolism
- 1. BiochemistryBiochemistry Sixth EditionSixth Edition Chapter 22: Fatty Acid Metabolism
- 2. Fatty Acid MetabolismFatty Acid Metabolism
- 5. Four metabolic stepsFour metabolic steps
- 9. 食物中的 TG 腸道內腔 黏膜內腔 Apoliporotein B-48Apoliporotein B-48 (Apo B-48)(Apo B-48) 運送脂溶性運送脂溶性 VitaminVitamin 與與 cholesterolcholesterol ChylomicronChylomicron 之生成與作用之生成與作用 進入血液進入血液
- 10. Three Steps of Triglyceride DegradationThree Steps of Triglyceride Degradation Step 1: TGStep 1: TG fatty acidfatty acid + glycerol+ glycerol Step 2: Fatty acid wasStep 2: Fatty acid was transportedtransported to Mitochondrialto Mitochondrial Step 3: Fatty acidStep 3: Fatty acid Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA TCA cycleTCA cycle
- 11. Step 1: TGStep 1: TG fatty acidfatty acid + glycerol+ glycerol
- 12. Regulation of TG Lipase activityRegulation of TG Lipase activity inacitveinacitve acitveacitve inacitveinacitve acitveacitve Glycagon & EpinephrineGlycagon & Epinephrine GlycolysisGlycolysis
- 13. From Glycerol to GlycolysisFrom Glycerol to Glycolysis DHAP GA3P
- 15. Acyl CoA synthethase Before β-oxidation Fatty acid CoA Acyl CoA
- 16. Acyl CoA synthetase Fatty acid CoA Acyl CoA
- 18. Step 2: Fatty acid wasStep 2: Fatty acid was transportedtransported to Mitochondrialto Mitochondrial Fatty acidFatty acid β-oxidation
- 21. Step 1 of β-oxidation produces FADH2Step 1 of β-oxidation produces FADH2 1.5 ATP1.5 ATP
- 22. Step 1 of β-oxidation—oxidation by FAD Step 1 of β-oxidation—oxidation by FAD Acyl CoAAcyl CoA dehydrogenasedehydrogenase
- 23. Step 2 of β-oxidation—hydrationStep 2 of β-oxidation—hydration Enoyl CoAEnoyl CoA hydratasehydratase
- 24. Step 3 of β-oxidation—oxidation by NAD+Step 3 of β-oxidation—oxidation by NAD+ L-3-hydrooxyacyl CoAL-3-hydrooxyacyl CoA dehydrogenasedehydrogenase
- 25. Step 4 of β-oxidation—Thiolysis by CoAStep 4 of β-oxidation—Thiolysis by CoA ββ-ketothiolase-ketothiolase
- 26. - 1 ATP + 1 FADH2 + 1 NADH
- 27. Shortened by 2 carbons per cycle of β-oxidation Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA . . TCA cycle Cn Cn-2 Cn-2-2 Cn-2-2-2
- 28. Pamitate (16:0) Acetyl CoA Acetyl CoA 7 ATP 7 FADH2 = 7*1.5 ATP 7 NADH = 7*2.5 ATP 7 Acetyl CoA TCA cycle 7 ATP 7 FADH2 = 7*1.5 ATP 7 NADH = 7*2.5 ATP 7 Acetyl CoA TCA cycle 7 cycles of β-oxidation TCA cycle
- 33. Pamitate (16:0) 生產 Acetyl CoA 耗掉 1 ATP 生產 7 FADH2 = 7*1.5 ATP 生產 7 NADH = 7*2.5 ATP 生產 7 Acetyl CoA TCA cycle 7 cycles of β-oxidation TCA cycle
- 34. β-oxidation of unsaturated fatty acid 1 Double bond1 Double bond
- 35. 2 Double bond2 Double bond
- 36. The final metabolite of β-oxidation of Odd-Chain fatty acid TCA cycle?
- 37. TCA cycle The metabolism of Propionyl CoA Propionyl CoA Carboxylase Methylmalonyl CoA mutase Methylmalonyl CoA mutaseCoenzyme : Vit B12
- 40. β-oxidation of Eukaryotic cellβ-oxidation of Eukaryotic cell Long chain fatty acid Octanoyl CoA Acetyl CoA
- 41. The first step of β-oxidation in peroxisome of Eukaryotic cell
- 42. From acetyl CoA to Ketone body
- 43. Lack of Glucose Acetyl CoA formed from β- oxidation would not be metabolized into TCA cycle Acetyl CoA formed from β- oxidation would not be metabolized into TCA cycle Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA The accumulated Acetyl CoA metabolized into ketone body pathway The accumulated Acetyl CoA metabolized into ketone body pathway
- 45. Ketone body biosynthesis pathwayKetone body biosynthesis pathway Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA
- 46. Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA
- 47. Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA HMG CoAHMG CoA
- 49. Rich in NADHRich in NADH Lack of NADHLack of NADH
- 51. TCA cycleTCA cycle GlycolysisGlycolysis GlucoseGlucose TCA cycleTCA cycle COCO22 + H+ H22OO
- 52. Lack of Glucose Acetyl CoA formed from β- oxidation would not be metabolized into TCA cycle Acetyl CoA formed from β- oxidation would not be metabolized into TCA cycle Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA The accumulated Acetyl CoA metabolized into ketone body pathway The accumulated Acetyl CoA metabolized into ketone body pathway
- 53. Biosynthesis of Fatty Acid 1. Biosynthesis in cytoplasm 2. Acyl Carrier Protein (ACP) 3. Fatty acid synthase 4. Adding by 2 carbons per cycle 5. NADPH 6. Elongation until palmitate (16:0) with Fatty acid synthase complex
- 54. The committed step of synthesis of Fatty Acid Acetyl CoA CarboxylaseAcetyl CoA Carboxylase
- 55. Acetyl ACPAcetyl ACP & Malonyl ACP& Malonyl ACP Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA && Malonyl CoAMalonyl CoA Binding with ACPBinding with ACP
- 59. Acetyl CoAAcetyl CoA should be transported toshould be transported to cytoplasm via citrate for fatty acid synthesiscytoplasm via citrate for fatty acid synthesis ATP-citrate lysaseATP-citrate lysase Malate DHaseMalate DHase Malate enzymeMalate enzyme
- 60. Sources of NADPHSources of NADPH
- 61. Regulation of Acetyl CoA carboxylaseRegulation of Acetyl CoA carboxylase
- 67. Biochemistry Sixth Edition Chapter 26 The Biosynthesis of Membrane Lipids and Steroids Copyright © 2007 by W. H. Freeman and Company Berg • Tymoczko • Stryer
- 89. HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor — Competitive inhibition The structure is similar to HMG-CoA