parenteral dosage form its classification advantages & disadvantages parenteral routes general requirements official types of injections preformulation studies parenterals vehicles formulation of parenterals water for injection small volume parenterals large volume parenterals labeling packaging test for packaging storage of parenterals

1. Ch- Parenteral dosage form
(Introduction and its classification)
Subject: Formulative Pharmacy
BP-502 T
By: Ms. Uditi Handa (Asst. Prof.)
M.Pharma (Ph.D)
GGSCOP, Yamunanagar

7. Volume: 0.01-0.05 ml
Needle size: 25-26 gauge
Formulation: isotonic
Used: Diagnostic agents
Volume: 0.5-2 ml
Needle size: 23 gauge
Formulation: isotonic
Used: Insulin, vaccines
Volume: 1-1000 ml
Needle size: 20-22 gauge (Vein
puncture) & 18-19 gauge
(Venolysis)
Formulation: Solutions, emulsion
Used: Nearly all drugs

8. Volume: 2-20 ml
Needle size: 20-22 gauge
Formulation: Solutions &
emulsion
Used: Radiopaque media,
antineoplastics, Antibiotics
Volume: 1-4 ml
Needle size: 24-28 gauge
Formulation: isotonic
Used: Local anesthetics,
analgesic, neuroleptic agents

9. Volume: 2-20 ml
Needle size: 18-22 gauge
Formulation: isotonic
Used: Morphine, Local
anesthetics, Steroids, Antibiotics
Volume: 0.5-2 ml
Needle size: 22 gauge
Formulation: Solutions &
emulsion, Suspension
Used: Nearly all drugs
Volume: 0.2-1 ml
Needle size: 22 gauge
Used: Cardio tonic drugs, Calcium

10. Volume: 6-30 ml
Needle size: 16-18 gauge
Formulation: isotonic
Used: Local anesthetics,
narcotics, Steroids
Volume: 2-30 ml
Needle size: 16-22 gauge
Formulation: isotonic
Used: Local anesthetics,
narcotics, chemotherapeutic
agents
Intrapleural Route
• Directly into the lungs

12. Official types of injections

17. • Natural Water: is not used for drinking or any pharmaceutical
formulation. It is highly contaminated.
• Drinking water: may be used in the early stage of chemical synthesis
and in the early stages of the cleaning of pharmaceutical
manufacturing equipments.
• Purified water: (USP monograph), is used in the preparation of some
bulk pharmaceutical chemicals, do not use purified water in
preparations intended for parenteral administration.
• Must be protected from microbial proliferation.
• Sterile purified water: Is purified water that is packaged and
rendered sterile, contains no antimicrobial agent.
• It is not for parenteral administration.
Considerations in parenteral preparation
Vehicles not used in Parenterals

22. 1
2

44. References
Parenteral - an overview | ScienceDirect Topics
www.sciencedirect.com
Introduction to Parenteral Preparations
samples.jbpub.com
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