Heart disease and obesity -a systematic review

1. Heart Disease
and Obesity
BY TRIANGELS HALO

2. INTRODUCTION
HEART DISEASE OBESITY
GENERALLY REFERS TO CONDITIONS THAT INVOLVE
NARROWED OR BLOCKED BLOOD VESSELS THAT
CAN LEAD TO A HEART ATTACK, CHEST PAIN OR
STROKE
IS A COMPLEX DISORDER INVOLVING AN
EXCESSIVE AMOUNT OF BODY FAT.

3. INTRODUCTION
(ATHEROSCLEROSIS :CORONARY HEART DISEASE)
• TAKES PLACE IN THE BLOOD VESSELS.
• THE BLOOD FLOWS THROUGH THE ARTERIES CARRYING
THE DOUBLE CIRCULATION IN THE HEART.
• BUT WHEN THE BLOOD STRUGGLES TO FLOW EASILY
ALONG THE BLOOD VESSELS BECAUSE OF ITS NARROW
PASSAGE LEADING TO A HIGHER BLOOD PRESSURE
THAN NORMAL.
• PLAQUE NARROWS THE CORONARY ARTERIES AND
REDUCES BLOOD FLOW TO YOUR HEART MUSCLE.

4. DATA COLLECTION
COMPARISONS OF BASELINE CHARACTERISTICS ACROSS BMI CATEGORIES
• NORMAL WEIGHT 18.5 TO <25.0
• OVERWEIGHT 25.0 TO <30.0
• OBESE 30.0 TO <35.0
• SEVERELY OBESE ≥35.0
IN THE SETTING OF OBESITY:
DIABETES MELLITUS, SYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE, ANTIHYPERTENSIVE MEDICATION USE, LOW‐ AND
HIGH‐DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL, TRIGLYCERIDES, AND ESTIMATED GLOMERULAR
FILTRATION RATE.
BMI
BODY MASS
INDEX
KG/M2

5. NORMAL WEIGHT
OVERWEIGHT
OBESITY
SEVERE OBESITY
0
2
4
6
8
10
CORONARY HEART
DISEASE
NORMAL WEIGHT OVERWEIGHT OBESITY SEVERE OBESITY
ADJUSTED*
INCIDENCE RATE
(PER 1000 PYS)
*AT MEAN LEVELS OF AGE, SEX, RACE, SMOKING STATUS, ALCOHOL USE, EDUCATIONAL LEVEL, OCCUPATION AND
PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

6. DISCUSSION
OBESITY IS A WELL-RECOGNIZED RISK FACTOR FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE.
IN THE GENERAL POPULATION, HIGHER BMI IS ASSOCIATED WITH AN INCREASED RISK OF
CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS.
SEE!
THE STROKE RATE
INCREASES AS THE
OBESITY RATE
INCREASE
SO THE OBESITY
RATE IS DIRECTLY
PROPORTIONAL TO
THE STROKE RATE
*NODS*

7. HIGH BLOOD CHOLESTEROL LEVELS HIGH BLOOD PRESSURE POOR DIET
HIGH LEVELS OF CHOLESTEROL IN
YOUR BLOOD CAN INCREASE THE
RISK OF FORMATION OF PLAQUES
AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS.
UNCONTROLLED HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE CAN RESULT IN
HARDENING AND THICKENING OF
YOUR ARTERIES, NARROWING THE
VESSELS THROUGH WHICH BLOOD
FLOWS.
A DIET THAT'S HIGH IN FAT, SALT,
SUGAR AND CHOLESTEROL CAN
CONTRIBUTE TO THE DEVELOPMENT
OF HEART DISEASE.
CONCLUSION

8. (CONCLUSION)
WHY HEART DISEASE SUCH AS ATHEROSCLEROSIS IS
CAUSED BY OBESITY?
Healthy human blood vessel Atherosclerotic blood vessel
The blood can flow
smoothly
Due to the plaque, Blood clots can
partially or completely block blood flow.
Plaque
High amounts of
certain fats and
cholesterol in the
blood

9. REFERENCES
HEART DISEASE OBESITY HOW OBESITY CAUSES HEART DISEASE?
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/heart-disease/symptoms-
causes/syc-20353118
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-
conditions/obesity/symptoms-
causes/syc-20375742
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/news/2015/m
easurement-cholesterol-function-might-
provide-link-heart-attack-risk-patients-
psoriasis
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-
topics/atherosclerosis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2
9789902
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articl
es/PMC3250069/
http://jaha.ahajournals.org/content/5/8
/e003921
~IMAGES ARE TAKEN FROM GOOGLE