OBJECTIVES: The present study is undertaken with the following objectives: 1 To measure traffic volumes and note other related traffic characteristics (e.g. flow composition, flow fluctuations etc). 2 To determine hourly volume in terms passenger car equivalents (PCE) To determine Vehicle composition in traffic stream 3 To compare the results with standard design service volumes and identify remedies. 4 Counting is the most fundamental measurement in traffic engineering: vehicles, passenger etc. 5 Counting technique to produce estimates of volume, rate flow and capacity. 6 The purpose of carrying out traffic volume count is to improve traffic system.

1. Project by:
Sukrati Pandit (1209700109)
Under the Supervision :
Dr. Umank Mishra
Associate Professor
Civil Engineering Department
Galgotia College of
Engineering and Technology ,
Greater noida(U.P)

2. We hereby take this opportunity to express our profound thanks
and deep sense of gratitude towards our guide, Professor Dr.
Umank Mishra(Department of Civil Engineering), GCET. He gave
us precious time from his busy schedule & his valuable guidance
has been a constant encouragement.
We hereby take this opportunity to express our profound thanks and deep
sense of gratitude towards our guide, Associate Professor Dr. Umank
Mishra(Department of Civil Engineering), GCET. He gave us precious time from
his busy schedule & his valuable guidance has been a constant
encouragement.

3. OBJECTIVE
INTRODUCTION
SCOPE
METHODOLOGY
SOME IMPORTANT DEFINITIONS
DATA COLLECTION
PROCESS INVOLVED AND HOW IT IS DONE.
CONCLUSION.
REFERENCES/BIBLIOGRAPHY
REMARKS
THANKYOU

4. •Counting is the most fundamental measurement in traffic engineering:
vehicles, passenger etc.
•Counting technique to produce estimates of volume, rate flow and
capacity.
•The purposes of carrying out traffic volume count is to improve traffic
system.
•Traffic volume study is used in project.
•To reduce the congestion.

5. • Urban Road traffic congestion is characterized by high number of
vehicles on a road that leads to low speed and longer time taken for a
journey.
• Population growth and exponential growth in number of vehicles have
increased the problem of congestion.
• The development of control systems to deal with the congestion for
smooth flow of traffic in urban areas can be done by
1.Road pricing,
2.Traffic volume study of existing road,
3.Elimination of roundabout etc.
• The technology has been integrated to develop some intelligent control
systems to deal with the traffic congestion issues.
• Multi-lane highways are an important type of un-interrupted flow
facilities(there is no obstruction to the movement of vehicles along
roadway).

6. •Effectiveness of a traffic control measure.
•To check existing, operating service condition of a roadway section.
•Planning traffic operation and control of existing facility.
•Study of the flow fluctuations at different time.
•Proportions of vehicles
•Hourly, daily, yearly and seasonal variation of vehicular flow
•Study Of The Flow Fluctuation Of Different Approach
•Study Of The Flow Fluctuation Of Different Approach
•Study Of The Flow Fluctuation Of Different Approaches

7. What is traffic volume Study?
Traffic Volume Study: The term traffic volume study is also known as
traffic flow survey or simply the traffic survey. It is defined as the
procedure to determine mainly volume of traffic moving on the roads at
a particular section during a particular time. Volume is basically number
of vehicles or persons passing a point during a specified time period
which is usually one hour but may be less than that. It means during a
period of time, it may be fifteen minutes, it may be half an hour, it may
be even sixty minutes or one hour and how many vehicles or persons
are passing a point during that particular time period is known as
volume. Traffic volume study is used for traffic planning of a particular
road or area. Traffic stream composition of a particular road can be
known from traffic volume study.

8. Traffic volume studies are usually conducted when certain volume
characteristics are needed, some of which follow:
•Average Annual Daily Traffic (AADT)
•Average Daily Traffic (ADT)
•Peak Hour Volume (PHV)
•Vehicle Classification (VC)
•Vehicle Miles of Travel (VMT)

9. 1.Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE): Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE), is a
metric used in Transportation Engineering to assess traffic flow rate on a
highway. A Passenger Car Equivalent is essentially the impact that a mode of
transport has on traffic variables (such as headway, speed, density)
compared to a single car. Highway capacity is measured in PCE/hour daily.
Passenger Car Equivalent is also sometimes used interchangeably with
Passenger car unit (PCU).
2.Directional Distribution (DD): The directional distribution is simply the
distribution or split of total traffic volume in two opposite directions in particular
time period. It is commonly expressed in terms of percentage of total traffic in
the heavier direction of travel.
3.Average Weekly Traffic (AWT): It is the average of 24-hour traffic volume
which is occurring on weekdays for some period less than one year.
4.Annual Average Weekly Traffic (AAWT): AAWT is the average 24-hr traffic
volume occurring on weekdays over a full 365-day year.

10. 5.Design Hourly Volume: It is the economic hourly flow of future year,
which is used for designing geometric features of roadway. It is chosen in
such a way that during the design period it should not be exceeded too
often or too much.
6. Rate of Flow: Rate of flow is used to express an equivalent hourly rate
for vehicles passing a point along a roadway or for traffic during an interval
less than 1-hr (usually 15min).
7.Saturation flow: The maximum hourly rate of an approach at a
signalized junction.
8.Service flow rate: The maximum hourly rate of traffic flow of a roadway
section during a given period under prevailing roadway condition.
9.Forced flow: When lane changing opportunity decreases with increasing
traffic volume and drivers are forced to follow slow leaders.
10.Free flow: When drivers face no restriction in driving and can maintain
their desired speeds.

11. Traffic volume study is producer to determine mainly the volume of traffic
moving on roads on a particular section during a particular time.
•AADT: Average annual daily traffic obtain by adding daily traffic count in
one year divided by 365.
•ADT: Average daily traffic is the volume of traffic total counted on the
roadway(two way) over a given time period(greater than one day but less
than one year) divided by the number of days in that time period.

12. Traffic volume counts are basic to all phases of highway development and
operation. No other single reference tells an engineer as much about a road
as the number of vehicles which use it.
Traffic counts are the major source of traffic data. Traffic counts are very
specific in that they only apply to one location and to the time period for which
they have been obtained. Some of the major types of traffic counts in general
use by engineers are annual counts, peak hour counts, turning movement
counts and classification counts.

13. Traffic
volume study
Automatic
Counting
Method
Manual
Counting
Method
Contact
system based
Contact less
system based
Direct method
Indirect method

14. 1.MANUAL COUNTING METHOD
•Counting is done by trained personnel
•Used when the effort and expense of automated equipment are not justified.
•Used to gather data for determination of vehicle classification, turning
movements, direction of travel, pedestrian movements, or vehicle occupancy.
•Usually used for counting period less than a day.
2.AUTOMATIC COUNTING METHOD
•In this method, vehicles are counted automatically without any human
involvement.
•There are two techniques of automatic counting
1. Contact system based:-
It is based on pneumatic, mechanical, magnetic or piezo-electric method.
2. Contactless system based:-
It is based on electrical/optical, ultrasound/infrared radar, micro wave,
CCTV/video image processing method.

15. •Perform Necessary Office Preparations.
•Select Proper Observer Location.
•Label Data Sheets And Record Observations.
Equipment Used for Counting
•Stopwatch
•Handmade Data Sheets
•Pencil
•Clipboard

16. Site selected for traffic volume study –GIP Footover bridge, sector-
18, noida-01.

17. Due to increase in congestion day by day and increase in the jam density it
was required to perform traffic volume study.

18. Passenger Car Equivalent (PCE)
VEHICLE TYPE PCE
BUS/TRUCK 3
OTHERS 3
4 WHEELER 1
3 WHEELER 1.5
2 WHEELER 0.5

19. GENERAL INFORMATION-:
Location: Footover Bridge
GIP,sector-18,Noida-01
Date: 2ndmarch’16-7th march’16
Time: 9am-11am,11am-1pm,1pm-
3pm,3pm-5pm,5pm-7pm,3pm-5pm.
Duration: 20 minutes
Interval: 5 minutes
Weather: Sunny days
Method: Manual (Direct)

20. Date : 2nd March, 2016
Day : Wednesday
Time: 09:00-11:00 am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
COLLECTED DATA
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu conversion
Bus/Truck 16 48
Others 4 12
Four Wheelers 243 243
Three
wheelers
31 46.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
56 28
TOTAL= 350 TOTAL= 377.5
TABLE-1
*4-Lane Oneway*
Volume/flow= 4200 vehicle/hr

21. Date : 3RD March, 2016
Day : Thursday
Time: 11:00am-01:00 pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu conversion
Bus/Truck 12 36
Others 3 9
Four Wheelers 170 170
Three
wheelers
26 39
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
57 28.5
TOTAL= 268 TOTAL= 282.5
TABLE-2
Volume/flow= 3216 vehicle/hr

22. Date : 4th March, 2016
Day : Friday
Time: 01:00pm-03:00 pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 15 45
Others 4 12
Four Wheelers 181 181
Three
wheelers
26 39
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
63 31.5
TOTAL= 289 TOTAL= 308.5
TABLE-3
Volume/flow= 3468 vehicle/hr

23. Date : 5th March, 2016
Day : Saturday
Time: 03:00pm-05:00 pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 12 36
Others 3 9
Four Wheelers 151 151
Three
wheelers
28 42
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
54 27
TOTAL= 248 TOTAL= 265
TABLE-4
Volume/flow= 2976 vehicle/hr

24. Date : 6th March, 2016
Day : Sunday
Time: 05:00pm-07:00 pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No PCU Conversion
Bus/Truck 17 51
Others 4 12
Four Wheelers 187 187
Three
wheelers
31 46.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
58 29
TOTAL= 297 TOTAL= 325.5
TABLE-5
Volume/flow= 3564vehicle/hr

25. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 13 39
Others 5 15
Four Wheelers 167 167
Three
wheelers
34 51
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
53 26.5
TOTAL= 272 TOTAL= 298.5
Date : 7th March, 2016
Day : Monday
Time: 03:00pm-05:00pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-6
Volume/flow= 3264 vehicle/hr

26. DATA ANALYSIS FOR 4-LANE ONEWAY
No of vehicles moving in one direction
on different days(5) in different time
slots
Vehicles moving from
Sector-18 to Delhi

27. TIME SLOTS- WEDNESDAY
9AM-11AM
THURSDAY
11AM-1PM
FRIDAY
1PM-3PM
SATURDAY
3PM-5PM
SUNDAY
5PM-7PM TOTAL
BUS/TRUCK 192 144 180
144
204 864
OTHERS 48 36 48
36
48 216
4 WHEELERS 2916 2040 2172
1812
2244 11184
3 WHEELERS 372 312 312
336
372 1704
2 WHEELERS 672 684 756
648
696 3456
PCU/HR 4530 3390 3702 3180 3906 18708
No of vehicles on different days(5)

28. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheelers
3 wheelers
2wheelers
VOLUME OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEHICLES ON
CONSECUTIVE 5-DAYS

29. PCU/HR FOR CONSECUTIVE 5 DAYS
Wednesday
Thurday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
24.21%
18.12%
19.78%
16.99%
20.87
%

30. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 13 39
Others 5 15
Four Wheelers 210 210
Three
wheelers
11 16.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
69 34.5
TOTAL= 308 TOTAL= 315
Date : 2th March, 2016
Day : Wednesday
Time: 09:00pm-11:00pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-7
*2-Lane Oneway*
Volume/flow= 3696 vehicle/hr

31. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 10 30
Others 2 6
Four Wheelers 151 151
Three
wheelers
23 34.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
57 28.5
TOTAL= 243 TOTAL= 250
Date : 3th March, 2016
Day : Thursday
Time: 11:00pm-01:00pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-8
Volume/flow= 2916 vehicle/hr

32. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 11 33
Others 3 9
Four Wheelers 123 123
Three
wheelers
22 35
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
67 33.5
TOTAL= 226 TOTAL= 233.5
Date : 4th March, 2016
Day : Friday
Time: 01:00pm-03:00pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-9
Volume/flow= 2712 vehicle/hr

33. Date : 5th March, 2016
Day : Saturday
Time: 03:00pm-05:00pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No PCU Conversion
Bus/Truck 7 21
Others 1 3
Four Wheelers 213 213
Three
wheelers
32 48
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
56 28
TOTAL= 309 TOTAL= 313
TABLE-10
Volume/flow= 3708 vehicle/hr

34. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 8 24
Others 3 9
Four Wheelers 241 251
Three
wheelers
52 68
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
64 32
TOTAL= 368 TOTAL= 384
Date : 6th March, 2016
Day : Sunday
Time: 05:00pm-07:00pm
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-11
Volume/flow= 4416 vehicle/hr

35. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 11 33
Others 7 21
Four Wheelers 142 142
Three
wheelers
36 54
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
51 25.5
TOTAL= 247 TOTAL= 275.5
Date : 7th March, 2016
Day : Monday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-12
Volume/flow= 2964 vehicle/hr

36. DATA ANALYSIS FOR 2-LANE ONEWAY
No of vehicles moving in one direction
on different days(5) in different time
slots
Vehicles moving from Delhi
to Sector-18

37. TIME SLOTS- WEDNESDAY
9AM-11AM
THURSDAY
11AM-1PM
FRIDAY
1PM-3PM
SATURDAY
3PM-5PM
SUNDAY
5PM-7PM TOTAL
BUS/TRUCK 156
120 132 84 96
588
OTHERS 60
24 336 12 36
168
4 WHEELERS 2520
1812 1476 2556 2892
11256
3 WHEELERS 132
276
264
384 624
1680
2 WHEELERS 828
684 804 672 768
3756
PCU/HR 3780 3000 2802 3756 4608 17946
No of vehicles on different days(5)

38. 0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
VOLUME OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF VEHICLES ON
CONSECUTIVE 5-DAYS

39. PCU/HR FOR CONSECUTIVE 5-DAYS
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
21.06%
16.71%
15.61%
20.92%
25.67%

40. GENERAL INFORMATION-:
Location: Footover Bridge
GIP,sector-18,Noida-01
Date: 4TH April’16-10TH April’16
Time: 9am-11am.
Duration: 20 minutes
Interval: 5 minutes
Weather: Sunny days
Method: Manual (Direct)

41. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 12 36
Others 9 27
Four Wheelers 163 163
Three
wheelers
41 61.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
50 25
TOTAL=275 TOTAL= 312.5
Date : 4TH April’2016
Day : Monday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-1
Volume/flow= 3300 vehicle/hr
*4-Lane Oneway*

42. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 9 27
Others 9 27
Four Wheelers 161 161
Three
wheelers
39 58.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
52 26
TOTAL=270 TOTAL= 299.5
Date : 5th April’2016
Day : Tuesday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-2
Volume/flow= 3240 vehicle/hr

43. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 14 42
Others 6 18
Four Wheelers 211 211
Three
wheelers
15 22.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
68 34
TOTAL= 314 TOTAL= 327.5
Date : 6th April’2016
Day : Wednesday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-3
Volume/flow= 3768 vehicle/hr

44. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 11 33
Others 5 15
Four Wheelers 166 166
Three
wheelers
27 40.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
59 29.5
TOTAL= 268 TOTAL= 284
Date : 7th April’2016
Day : Thursday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-4
Volume/flow= 3216 vehicle/hr

45. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 13 39
Others 4 12
Four Wheelers 135 135
Three
wheelers
26 39
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
71 35.5
TOTAL= 249 TOTAL= 260.5
Date : 8th April’2016
Day : Friday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-5
Volume/flow= 2988 vehicle/hr

46. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 10 30
Others 4 12
Four Wheelers 197 197
Three
wheelers
37 55.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
63 31.5
TOTAL= 311 TOTAL= 326
Date : 9th April’2016
Day : Saturday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-6
Volume/flow= 3732 vehicle/hr

47. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 7 14
Others 2 4
Four Wheelers 121 121
Three
wheelers
43 64.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
45 22.5
TOTAL= 218 TOTAL= 226
Date : 10th April’2016
Day : Sunday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-7
Volume/flow= 2616 vehicle/hr

48. DATA ANALYSIS FOR 4-LANE ONEWAY
No of vehicles moving in one direction
on different days(1 week) in time slot
9am-11am
Vehicles moving from
Sector-18 to Delhi

49. Days- Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunda
y
Total
Bus/Truck
144 108 168 132 156 120 84 912
Others
108 108 72 60 48 48 24 468
4 wheeler
1956 1932 2532 1992 1620 2364 1452 13848
3 wheeler
492 468 180 324 312 444 516 2736
2 wheeler
600 624 816 708 852 756 540 4896
PCU/HR 3750 3594 3930 3408 3126 3912 2712 24432
No of vehicles on different days(7)

50. Analysis of data for a WEEK
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
No of different types of vehicles in a week

51. PCU/HR FOR A WEEK
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
15.34%
14.71%
16.08%
13.94%
12.79%
16.01% 11.1%

52. Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
19.68% 8.64%
11.52%
52.16%
8%
1.No of vehicles moving in direction of sector -18 to
Delhi (Monday)

53. Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
2.No of vehicles moving in direction of
sector-18 to Delhi (Tuesday)
9.02%
9.02%8.68
%
19.53
%
53.76%

54. Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
3.No of vehicles moving in direction of
sector-18 to Delhi (Wednesday)
12.82%
5.49%
10.38
%6.87%
64.4%

55. Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
4.No of vehicles moving in direction of
sector-18 to Delhi (Thursday)
5.28%
11.62
%
10.38
%
58.4%
14.2%

56. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
5.No of vehicles moving in direction of
sector-18 to Delhi (Friday)
4.6%
14.97%
13.63
%
14.97%
51.83%

57. Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
6.No of vehicles moving in direction of
sector-18 to Delhi (Saturday)
3.68%
9.2%
9.66%
17.03%
60.43%

58. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
7.No of vehicles moving in direction of
sector-18 to Delhi (Sunday)
1.76%
6.2%
9.95%
28.53%
53.53%

59. Date : 4th April’2016
Day : Monday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 12 36
Others 6 18
Four Wheelers 146 146
Three
wheelers
48 48
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
25 25
TOTAL= 237 TOTAL= 273
*2-Lane Oneway*
TABLE-8
Volume/flow= 2844 vehicle/hr

60. Date : 5th April’2016
Day : Tuesday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 15 45
Others 8 24
Four Wheelers 140 140
Three
wheelers
29 43.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
56 28
TOTAL= 248 TOTAL= 280.5
TABLE-9
Volume/flow= 2976 vehicle/hr

61. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 8 24
Others 7 21
Four Wheelers 148 148
Three
wheelers
33 49.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
53 26.5
TOTAL= 249 TOTAL= 269
Date : 6th April’2016
Day : Wednesday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-10
Volume/flow= 2988 vehicle/hr

62. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 10 30
Others 4 12
Four Wheelers 154 154
Three
wheelers
36 54
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
56 28
TOTAL= 260 TOTAL= 278
Date : 7th April’2016
Day : Thursday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-11
Volume/flow= 3120 vehicle/hr

63. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 13 39
Others 6 18
Four Wheelers 144 144
Three
wheelers
35 52.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
59 29.5
TOTAL= 257 TOTAL= 283
Date : 8th April’2016
Day : Friday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-12
Volume/flow= 3084 vehicle/hr

64. Date : 9th April’2016
Day : Saturday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-13
Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 15 45
Others 9 27
Four Wheelers 120 120
Three
wheelers
23 34.5
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
70 35
TOTAL= 237 TOTAL= 261.5
Volume/flow= 2844 vehicle/hr

65. Vehicle Classification Observed Vehicle No Pcu Conversion
Bus/Truck 20 60
Others 6 18
Four Wheelers 124 124
Three
wheelers
28 42
Motorcycle /2
wheelers
50 25
TOTAL= 228 TOTAL= 269
Date : 10th April’2016
Day : Sunday
Time: 09:00am-11:00am
Counting Period: 20 min(5 min
slot)
TABLE-14
Volume/flow= 2736 vehicle/hr

66. DATA ANALYSIS FOR 2-LANE ONEWAY
No of vehicles moving in one direction
on different days(1 week) in time slot
9am-11am
Vehicles moving from Delhi
to Sector-18

67. Days- Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sunda
y
Total
Bus/Truck
144 180 96 120 156 180 240 1116
Others
72 96 84 48 72 108 72 552
4 wheeler
1752 1680 1776 1848 1728 1440 1448
11672
3 wheeler
576 348 396 432 420 276 336 2784
2 wheeler
300 672 636 672 708 840 600 4428
PCU/HR 3276 3366 3228 3336 3396 3138 3228 22968
No of vehicles on different days(7)

68. 0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
Bus/Truck
Others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
Analysis of data for a WEEK
No of different types of vehicles in a week

69. PCU/HR FOR A WEEK
Monday
Tuesday
Wednesday
Thursday
Friday
Saturday
Sunday
14.26%
14.65%
14.05%
14.52%14.78%
13.66
%
14.05%

70. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
9.51%
8. No of vehicles coming from Delhi to Sector -18
(Monday)
6.59%
13.18%
9.51%
17.53
%
53.47%

71. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
9. No of vehicles coming from Delhi to Sector -18 (Tuesday)
49.91%
8.55%
16.05%9.98%
15.50%

72. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
10. No of vehicles coming from Delhi to Sector -18
(Wednesday)
55.01%
7.80%
8.92%
9.85%
18.40%

73. Bus/Ttruck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
11. No of vehicles coming from Delhi to Sector -18 (Thursday)
55.39%
4.31%10.79%10.07%
19.42%

74. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
12. No of vehicles coming from Delhi to
Sector -18 (Friday)
50.88%
6.36%
13.78%10.42%
18.55%

75. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
13. No of vehicles coming from Delhi to Sector -18
(Saturday)
45.88%
10.32%
17.2%
13.38%
13.19%

76. Bus/Truck
Others
4 Wheeler
3 Wheeler
2 Wheeler
14. No of vehicles coming from Delhi to Sector -18
(Sunday)
46.09%
6.69%22.3%9.29%
15.61%

77. DETAILED CALCULATION FOR TRAFFIC VOLUME
STUDY
We found out following results from the calculations:
Timing- 9am-10am (Sunday)
Date: 10th
HEF(Hourly Expansion Factor)=18.24
DEF(Daily Expansion Factor) = 7.05
•Service Flow Rate = 2712 vehicle/hr
•Daily Volume = 2712*HEF = 49467 vehicle/day
•Weekly Volume = 49467*DEF= 348743 vehicle/day
•Average Daily Traffic(ADT) = 348743/7= 49820 vehicle/day
•Average Annual Daily Traffic(AADT) = 69488.9 vehicle/day
Similarly, we can calculate the values for other days as well.

78. 0
50
100
150
200
250
bus/ truck
others
4 wheeler
3 wheeler
2 wheeler
VOLUME IN DIFFERENT DAYS (9 AM-11AM)
4TH APRIL – 10th APRIL

79. PCU/HR
4-LANE
2-LANE
Comparison b/w 4-lane & 2-lane in terms of PCU/HR

80. The following conclusions are drawn from present study.
Discussion on vehicle composition:
Vehicle composition shows that most of the vehicles in the traffic stream
were light vehicles.
•Only twenty percent approx (19.63%) was Buses/Truck.
•Approximately, forty seven percent (47.17%) were the 4 Wheelers
particularly cars.
•The number of 2 Wheelers were fourteen percent (14.05%) of the total
traffic volume passing through the section at the Sector-18, Noida.
•3 Wheelers were only sixteen percent (16.13%) of the total volume traffic.
•Number of “Others” vehicle were mere three percent (3.02%) of the total
traffic at the section.

81.  The reason for high proportion of light vehicle is the proximity of the
location to residential area of high income group people. The light vehicles
were not highly occupied. But buses were almost fully occupied and people
were travelling by standing due to lack of seat in them. It can be assumed
that, more people were travelling by bus though their occurrences were low.
Also, the high number of 4 wheelers is also due to commercial hub at the
sector-18. Thousands of people come everyday at the section and is one of
the busiest intersections in Noida.
Again we saw that the buses were very much old and some of them did
not have smooth front glasses. The buses did not have proper maintenance
and many of the seats in the buses were damaged , no cleanliness in the
buses were also noticed. So, we analyse that if the public transport system
is enhanced and is modified with the up-to-date gadgets and better
travelling facilities, then there could be significant decrease in the number
of 4 Wheelers.
Furthermore, it will decongest the sector-18 section , thus leading to the
smooth flow of the traffic at the junction which is considered to be a
prominent place for traffic snarls and jams in Delhi NCR.
Increase in the proportion of the public transport system would eventually
decrease the high amount of pollution in the city, thus making the

82. Limitations
1. Number of enumerators was 3to 4 persons per group where for complete
and precise collection of data at least 5 to 10 persons were required for
each group.
Recommendations for future work
The present study is focused mainly on traffic volume only. Speed-flow
studies are useful to evaluate the more parameters. There is a scope on
speed flow studies on urban road links for
 This traffic volume study brings us to the conclusion that , at the
sector-18 section, which type of vehicle amounts to how many
percent of the total traffic volume flowing through the section. After
collecting the relevant data’s and analysing it through calculation,
the proportion of the 4 wheelers was the greatest amongst the type
of vehicles due to its proximity to commercial sector as well as
residential sector. The public transport system- Buses ,showed less
proportion due to its lack of maintenance.

83.  Traffic Volume Study
TECHNICAL REPORT · AUGUST 2013
DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3063.7521
See
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271833441
 Thesis :
“Analysis of Traffic Characteristics on Multi-lane Highway”
– under the supervision of Dr. Umank Mishra