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OpenSource Hardware 
-Debian way 
Siji Sunny 
OpenHardware Meetup-IIT Mumbai 
Nov-23,2014
HARDWARE MECHANICAL DIAGRAMS 
Dimensions for enclosures, mechanical subsystems, etc. 
For 2D models, preferred document type is vector graphics file, with 
dimension prints,DXF, or AI, etc. 
SCHEMATIC & CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS 
Symbolic diagrams of electronic circuitry, includes part-list. 
Preferred document type is any sort of image (PDF, BMP, GIF, PNG, etc). 
Often paired with matching layout diagram. 
Ref:Open Hardware Presentation by Limor Fried-Philip Torrone
COMPONENTS/ MATERIAL LIST 
What parts are used, where to get them, part numbers, etc. 
Ideally - have data sheets, generic, easy to get, notes and 
specifications. 
Standard format is a text file, BOM (bill of materials). 
LAYOUT DIAGRAM 
Dimensions for enclosures, mechanical subsystems, etc. 
For 2D models, preferred document type is vector graphics file, with 
dimension prints,DXF, or AI, etc. 
Ref:Open Hardware Presentation by Limor Fried-Philip Torrone
CORE FIRMWARE 
BSP (Board support packages) 
Uboot (Bootloader) binary and sources 
Kernel Source with necessary drivers 
Any drivers necessary for the chipset. 
Software API's 
THE FACT
Ref: Wikipedia 
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi 
Raspberry Pi -Scheme of the implemented
WHY DEBIAN 
It is maintained by its users. 
Unparalleled support 
The best packaging system in the world 
Incredible amounts of software 
Bug tracking system 
Packages well integrated 
Multiple architectures and kernels 
Stability 
Fast and easy on memory 
Good system security 
Ref :https://www.debian.org/intro/why_debian
Debian ARM ports 
Port Architecture Description Status 
armel EABI ARM Debian fully supports a port to 
little-endian ARM. 
released 
armhf Hard Float ABI ARM Supports floating-point unit 
(FPU) The Debian armhf port 
requires at least an ARMv7 
released 
arm64
EMBEDDED OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE 
Application Software 
MiddleWare 
Firmware/Device drivers 
Bootloader 
Hardware 
RootFs 
Linux Kernel 
uBoot
EMBEDDED DEBIAN -EMDEBIAN 
“ Emdebian is a bunch of debian tools so you can build/cross-compile 
Debian packages or adapted packages with info on how to cross-build “ 
Port the linux kernel to their hardware (including writing any specific device 
drivers) 
Select the prebuilt emdebian packages needed to support their application 
Package their application as Debian package(s) using Debian and 
Emdebian tools 
Build a root filesystem using Emdebian tools from the steps above
EMDEBIAN DISTRIBUTIONS 
Emdebian Grip 
A smaller Debian-compatible distro 
Based on Debian installer (standard debian iso) 
Almost ceased - There will be no further updates and no further stable 
releases 
The last release of Emdebian Grip is 3.1, based on Debian GNU/Linux 
Wheezy 7.1
EMDEBIAN DISTRIBUTIONS 
Emdebian Crush 
Emdebian cross-builds packages using the composite method using 
emdebian-tools 
emdebian diff contains changes that are implemented via patch files kept in svn 
superimposed on the Debian diff, managed with emdebian-tools 
standard build tools can be used 
Busybox based root filesystem and packages to support 
Emdebian Crush development has stalled and can no longer be built.
BUILDING DEBIAN ROOT FS 
Debootstrap - install Debian in a system without using an installation disk. 
Run a different Debian flavor in a chroot environment. 
This way you can create a full (minimal) Debian installation which can be used for 
testing purposes".
INSTALL THE TOOLKIT AND OTHER PREREQUISITES 
root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install libc6-armel-cross libc6-dev-armel-cross 
root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install binutils-arm-linux-gnueabi 
root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install gcc-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi 
root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install g++-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi 
root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install uboot-mkimage 
root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install libncurses5-dev 
root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install git bc cur 
l 
root@melabs_devpc:~#apt-get install debootstrap dpkg-dev
PREPARE YOUR ROOTFS 
root@melabs_devpc:~# mkdir armel_bbb-root 
root@melabs_devpc:~# armel_bbb-root 
root@melabs_devpc:/ armel_bbb-root# debootstrap --foreign --arch armel wheezy 
CONFIGURE YOUR ROOTFS 
root@melabs_devpc:~# mkdir -p lib/modules/3.10.0-rc3 
CONFIGURE YOUR NEW UNIX PASSWORD
CPU : ARM11, 700 MHz 
RAM : 256MB/512MB 
Storage : SD Card slot 
HDMI/TV out 
USB ports -2, LAN-1
AllWinnerTech SOC A10, ARM® Cortex™-A8 ARM® 
Mali400 MP1 Complies with OpenGL ES 2.0/1.1 
1GB DDR3 @480MHz 
4GB internal NAND flash, up to 32GB on SD slot, up to 
2T on 2.5 SATA disk 
5VDC input 2A or USB otg input 
1x 10/100 ethernet, support usb wifi 
2x USB 2.0 HOST, 1x mini USB 2.0 OTG, 1x micro sd 
1x HDMI 1080P display output 
1x IR, 1x line in, 1x line out
AM335x 1GHz ARM® Cortex-A8 
512MB DDR3 RAM 
4GB 8-bit eMMC on-board flash storage 
3D graphics accelerator 
USB client for power & communications 
USB host 
Ethernet 
HDMI
OPTIMISED DEBAIN FOR OPENHARDWARES -COMMUNITY 
EFFORT 
Raspbian - 
Raspbian is a free operating system based on Debian optimized for the 
Raspberry Pi hardware. 
http://www.raspbian.org/ 
Cubian - 
Debian on cubieboard 
http://cubian.org/
THANKS 
Siji Sunny 
sijisunny@gmail.com 
Twitter - siji_sunny Blog : www.sijisunny.com

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OpenSource Hardware -Debian Way

  • 1. OpenSource Hardware -Debian way Siji Sunny OpenHardware Meetup-IIT Mumbai Nov-23,2014
  • 2. HARDWARE MECHANICAL DIAGRAMS Dimensions for enclosures, mechanical subsystems, etc. For 2D models, preferred document type is vector graphics file, with dimension prints,DXF, or AI, etc. SCHEMATIC & CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS Symbolic diagrams of electronic circuitry, includes part-list. Preferred document type is any sort of image (PDF, BMP, GIF, PNG, etc). Often paired with matching layout diagram. Ref:Open Hardware Presentation by Limor Fried-Philip Torrone
  • 3. COMPONENTS/ MATERIAL LIST What parts are used, where to get them, part numbers, etc. Ideally - have data sheets, generic, easy to get, notes and specifications. Standard format is a text file, BOM (bill of materials). LAYOUT DIAGRAM Dimensions for enclosures, mechanical subsystems, etc. For 2D models, preferred document type is vector graphics file, with dimension prints,DXF, or AI, etc. Ref:Open Hardware Presentation by Limor Fried-Philip Torrone
  • 4. CORE FIRMWARE BSP (Board support packages) Uboot (Bootloader) binary and sources Kernel Source with necessary drivers Any drivers necessary for the chipset. Software API's THE FACT
  • 5. Ref: Wikipedia http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raspberry_Pi Raspberry Pi -Scheme of the implemented
  • 6. WHY DEBIAN It is maintained by its users. Unparalleled support The best packaging system in the world Incredible amounts of software Bug tracking system Packages well integrated Multiple architectures and kernels Stability Fast and easy on memory Good system security Ref :https://www.debian.org/intro/why_debian
  • 7. Debian ARM ports Port Architecture Description Status armel EABI ARM Debian fully supports a port to little-endian ARM. released armhf Hard Float ABI ARM Supports floating-point unit (FPU) The Debian armhf port requires at least an ARMv7 released arm64
  • 8. EMBEDDED OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE Application Software MiddleWare Firmware/Device drivers Bootloader Hardware RootFs Linux Kernel uBoot
  • 9. EMBEDDED DEBIAN -EMDEBIAN “ Emdebian is a bunch of debian tools so you can build/cross-compile Debian packages or adapted packages with info on how to cross-build “ Port the linux kernel to their hardware (including writing any specific device drivers) Select the prebuilt emdebian packages needed to support their application Package their application as Debian package(s) using Debian and Emdebian tools Build a root filesystem using Emdebian tools from the steps above
  • 10. EMDEBIAN DISTRIBUTIONS Emdebian Grip A smaller Debian-compatible distro Based on Debian installer (standard debian iso) Almost ceased - There will be no further updates and no further stable releases The last release of Emdebian Grip is 3.1, based on Debian GNU/Linux Wheezy 7.1
  • 11. EMDEBIAN DISTRIBUTIONS Emdebian Crush Emdebian cross-builds packages using the composite method using emdebian-tools emdebian diff contains changes that are implemented via patch files kept in svn superimposed on the Debian diff, managed with emdebian-tools standard build tools can be used Busybox based root filesystem and packages to support Emdebian Crush development has stalled and can no longer be built.
  • 12. BUILDING DEBIAN ROOT FS Debootstrap - install Debian in a system without using an installation disk. Run a different Debian flavor in a chroot environment. This way you can create a full (minimal) Debian installation which can be used for testing purposes".
  • 13. INSTALL THE TOOLKIT AND OTHER PREREQUISITES root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install libc6-armel-cross libc6-dev-armel-cross root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install binutils-arm-linux-gnueabi root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install gcc-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install g++-4.7-arm-linux-gnueabi root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install uboot-mkimage root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install libncurses5-dev root@melabs_devpc:~# apt-get install git bc cur l root@melabs_devpc:~#apt-get install debootstrap dpkg-dev
  • 14. PREPARE YOUR ROOTFS root@melabs_devpc:~# mkdir armel_bbb-root root@melabs_devpc:~# armel_bbb-root root@melabs_devpc:/ armel_bbb-root# debootstrap --foreign --arch armel wheezy CONFIGURE YOUR ROOTFS root@melabs_devpc:~# mkdir -p lib/modules/3.10.0-rc3 CONFIGURE YOUR NEW UNIX PASSWORD
  • 15. CPU : ARM11, 700 MHz RAM : 256MB/512MB Storage : SD Card slot HDMI/TV out USB ports -2, LAN-1
  • 16. AllWinnerTech SOC A10, ARM® Cortex™-A8 ARM® Mali400 MP1 Complies with OpenGL ES 2.0/1.1 1GB DDR3 @480MHz 4GB internal NAND flash, up to 32GB on SD slot, up to 2T on 2.5 SATA disk 5VDC input 2A or USB otg input 1x 10/100 ethernet, support usb wifi 2x USB 2.0 HOST, 1x mini USB 2.0 OTG, 1x micro sd 1x HDMI 1080P display output 1x IR, 1x line in, 1x line out
  • 17. AM335x 1GHz ARM® Cortex-A8 512MB DDR3 RAM 4GB 8-bit eMMC on-board flash storage 3D graphics accelerator USB client for power & communications USB host Ethernet HDMI
  • 18. OPTIMISED DEBAIN FOR OPENHARDWARES -COMMUNITY EFFORT Raspbian - Raspbian is a free operating system based on Debian optimized for the Raspberry Pi hardware. http://www.raspbian.org/ Cubian - Debian on cubieboard http://cubian.org/
  • 19. THANKS Siji Sunny sijisunny@gmail.com Twitter - siji_sunny Blog : www.sijisunny.com