Presented by Dr. Mayur Nagar ,PG Scholar, Department of Panchakarma, SDMCAH Hassan

1. DIFFERENT CONTEMPORARY MASSAGE
TECHNIQUES AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN
AYURVEDA
Guided by-
Dr. Lohith B.A.
M.D. Ph.D
Head of the Department
Panchakarma
Presented by-
Dr. Mayur Nagar
2nd year PG Scholar
7/17/2017
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2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 DEFINITION
 GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF MASSAGE
 OTHER TYPES OF MASSAGES
 BENEFITS OF ABHYANGA
 MODE OF ACTION
 CONCLUSION
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3. Introduction
The word Massage is a derivation from the Greek- massein,
or the French -masser, which both mean: to knead
Massage is a term applied to certain manipulations of the
soft tissues. These manipulations are most effectively
performed with the palmer aspect of the hand and
administered for the purpose of producing effects on nervous
system, muscular system as well as on the local and general
circulations of the blood and lymph.
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4. Definition…
Massage is a scientific treatment, by certain passive
systematic manipulations, upon the nude skin of the
human body.
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5. GENERAL CLASSIFICATION OF
MASSAGE
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6. Techniques Depth of tissue Part of body massaged Means of pressure
approached
Stroking Light massage General massage Manual
Pressure Deep massage Local massage Mechanical
Percussion
Vibration
MASSAGE
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7. Percussion
Clapping
Hacking
Tapping
Beating
Pounding
Cupping
Vibratory
Vibration
Shaking
Pressure
Kneading- Palmar
Digital
Ironing
Petrisage- Picking up
Wringing
Skin rolling
Friction- Circular
Transverse
parallel
Stroke
Superficial
Deep
Massage
Classification of Massage Based on Techniques
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8. BASED ON TECHNIQUE MASSAGE
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9. STROKE MANIPULATION
 A linear movement of relaxed hand along the whole length of a
segment is known as stroke
 Use at the beginning and end of the massage
 Performed with the palm of hand
Stimulates deep tissue
 Performed with the fingertip
Stimulates sensory nerve.
 Based on the amount of pressure applied, it is two type
Superficial and Deep stroking.
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10. (A) Superficial stroking:-
 Which is rhythmical linear
movement of hand over the
skin without any pressure.
 Contours the body or relates to
direction muscle
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11. (B) Deep stroking :-
 It is linear movement of hand ,
over the external surface of
the body, with moderate
pressure.
 Follows course of vein and
lymph vessels.
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12. KNUCKLING
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13. PRESSURE MANIPULATION
 A Deep localised pressure is applied the body where, the hand of the
therapist and the skin of the patient move together.
 Based on the type and the direction of pressure applied ,it is of 3
major types-
A. Kneading
B. Petrissage
C. Friction
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14. (A) KNEADING
 The tissue are pressed down to the underlying
firm structure and intermittent pressure is applied
in circular direction, parallel to the long axis of a
bone
 It is of three subtype-
a. Digital kneading
b. Palmar kneading
c. Ironing kneading
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15. Digital kneading-
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16. Palmar kneading-
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17. (B) PETRISSAGE
 Lifting and kneading of skin ,subcutaneous tissue
& muscle
 Repeated grasping ,pressure and lifting, rolling of
muscle tissue with the thumbs and fingers.
 The tissue are grasped and lifted away from the
underlying with the pressure applied perpendicular
to the long axis of the bone.
 It is of three subtype-
a. Picking up
b. Wringing
c. Skin rolling
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18. Picking up-
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19. Wringing -
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20. Skin rolling-
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21. (3) FRICTION
 Deep pressure
 Performed with the thumbs or fingertip
stroking the tissue from opposite direction .
 Reaches deep tissue
 It is of four subtype –
a. Circular friction
b. Transverse friction
c. Rolling friction
d. Cross fibre friction
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22. Circular friction-
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23. Rolling friction-
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24. Cross fiber friction-
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25. Parallel friction-
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26. VIBRATORY MANIPULATION
 Vibrations are a massage technique in which
tissues of the body are pressed and released in
an "up and down" movement
 The vibration technique is mainly directed
towards the lungs and hollow structure.
 This often takes the form of a fine trembling
movement applied using the palmer surfaces or
just some of the finger tips of either or both
hands.
 It is of two subtype-
a. Vibration
b. shaking 7/17/2017
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27. Vibration -
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28. Shaking-
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29. TAPOTMENT MANIPULATION
 “Tapping or pounding” of the skin.
 Performed with a light a tempo fast.
 A succession of soft, gentle blows
applied over the body with production
of a characteristic sound in which the
stricking hands are not in constant
touch with the skin.
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30. It is of various types-
Clapping
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31. Hacking -
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32. Cupping -
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33. Pounding-
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34. Finger-tip tapping-
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35. Other different type of
massages-
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36. Hot stone massage-
Heated smooth stones (usually
basalt or marble because they
absorb and maintain deep heat
naturally) are placed along the
spine and other points of the
back, shoulders, hands and feet
in order to warm and loosen
tight muscles and balance
energy hubs in the body.
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37. Therapists hold stones and
apply gentle pressure with
them, frequently
accompanied with oils.
The heat is very comforting
and helps to relax tissues.
Cold smooth stones are
sometimes used, especially
if there is inflammation or
muscle damage 7/17/2017
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38. SHIATSU
It is a Japanese system for healing and health maintenance.
 It is based on a combination of acupressure (Shiatsu
literally means "finger pressure")
 Traditional massage technique of Japan called “Anma”.
Therapists apply pressure with the finger, thumb, palm,
elbow, or knee to certain areas on the skin. Benefits of
Shiatsu are similar than acupressure.
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39. Watsu -a combination of Shiatsu and hydrotherapy
treatment
 Watsu uses a pool with warm water in which patients float
while the practitioner applies gentle shiatsu-form massage
techniques along the back, neck, shoulders, and limbs.
The benefits include:
relaxation of the body and mind, feeling of weightlessness,
pain relief, stress reduction and deep self-reflection.
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40. Watsu
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41. Thai massage-
Thai massage basically consists on
manipulation and peripheral stimulation
to generate certain internal effects.
It’s characterized by its soothing
properties and its emphasis on
stretching and loosening the body.
 Its purpose is clear energy blockages
and restitutes balance and harmony to
the body.
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42. Practitioners employ their
own weight to apply rhythmic
pressure in the energy lines,
pulling fingers, toes and ears,
cracking the knuckles,
arching and walking on the
client's back, among others
movements.
 Application of oils are only
used on the client's palms and
soles 7/17/2017
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43. Acupressure Massage-
It is a millenary Chinese technique of healing
that uses the fingers (and sometimes the toes)
to press certain points on the surface of the
skin to stimulate the natural self-curative
capacity of the human body.
When these points (called meridian in Chinese
traditional medicine) are pressed, they liberate
muscular tension and improve the flow of
blood and the body’s life energy (known as
“qi”) to help in the healing process.
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44. The benefits of acupressure include:-
Alleviated headaches, eye strain, sinus problems, neck
pain, backaches, arthritis, muscle pains, tension produced
by stress, menstrual cramps, lower backaches,
constipation, and indigestion
 Acupressure is also useful relieving anxiety and
improving sleep .
In general, it aids to balance the body, improves the
resistance to illnesses and promotes good health.
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45. 7/17/2017
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46. 7/17/2017
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47. 7/17/2017
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48. Dead sea salt massage-
A sea salt glow, also called a salt scrub,
benefits the skin by exfoliating and
removing old skin cells, leaving you with
hydrated, smooth, more lustrous skin
 A basic salt scrub consists of marine salts
and essential oils blended into a paste-like
substance that can be gently massaged
over the body.
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49. A sea salt glow helps draw the toxins from the body and increases
skin blood circulation, promoting the growth of new skin cells.
According to the International Journal of Dermatology, the
presence of magnesium sulfate in marine salts, especially those
from the Dead Sea, stimulates the liver and adrenal glands to dump
their toxins.
The National Psoriasis Foundation recommends Dead Sea salts as
effective treatments for psoriasis.
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50. Cryomassage-
Cryomassage is a type of massage
performed with ice or one - two ice
packs.
 Cryomassage is said to reactivate the
immune system, mobilize the
endocrine system and neurohumoral
system, improve health, and help to
fight stress and fatigue.
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51. Methodology of Cryomassage
General cryo massage is said to initiate tissues
regeneration and reparation process, improve
muscular blood circulation, eliminate
metabolic waste and hypoxia.
Acc. To the journal of orthopedic and sports
physical therapy-ice massage achieves
maximal intramuscular temperature decrease
sooner than the ice bag in acute muscular
injuries.
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52. Vibromassage
Vibromassage (also called vibratory
massage, vibra-massage, vibration
therapy)
is a type of massage based on the use
of mechanical devices for vibration
therapy, which pass vibration onto the
body surface that is being massaged.
Vibromassage can be both general and
local.
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53. Hydro massage -
Hydro massage is a type of massage
based on the therapeutic use of water
pressure.
The essence of hydro massage is applying
massage techniques to the human body
(thermally, mechanically, or chemically)
through the water .
Hydro massage helps to relax muscles,
increase blood circulation, and relieve
muscular pain and tension.
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54. Honey massage-
Honey massage is considered a type of soft
tissue massage.
Depending on the technique, this type of
massage can be very relaxing or slightly
painful.
Make sure that the patient is not allergic to
honey.
The essence of this honey massage is the use
of honey as a substance that has gluing
qualities
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55. Honey massage technique-
 Honey is poured over the area that is being
massaged, and then the massage therapist puts
hands onto this area and unglues the palms.
Easy at first, "ungluing" the hands becomes
more difficult with every move because the
tension force increases.
Massage lasts until the palms no longer stick to
the massaged area, and the honey disappears
from it. The actual duration depends on the type
and quality of honey.
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56. Cup massage-
• Apply oil, shower gel generously to affected areas
to facilitate smooth movement of massage cups.
• Squeeze the suction Cup approximately in the
middle.
• Apply the suction Cup’s “neck” tightly to skin and
release.
• Use straight-line, circular and zigzag movements to
massage affected areas.
• Move the cup slowly to stimulate the fibroblast
cells to release more collagen and elastin.
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57. BENEFITS OF ABHYANGA
अभ्यङ्गमाचरेन्नित्यं, स जराश्रमवातहा|
दृन्टिप्रसादपुट्यायुुःस्वप्िसुत्वक्तत्वदार्ढ्यकृ त ्|
(A.H.SU.2/8)
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58.  Shramahara: Relieves shrama caused by routine hard work &
mental stress & strain.
 Klesha sahatwa : Improves general tolerance mental stress, strain,
sorrows & anxiety.
 Swapnakara : It induces sleep
 Jarahara : It prolongs ageing process
 Vatahara
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59. BENEFITS OF MASSAGE AT MENTAL
AND EMOTIONAL LEVEL
 Helps relieve mental stress
 Improves the ability to monitor stress signals and respond
appropriately
 Enhances the capacity for calm thinking and creativity
 Reduces levels of anxiety
 Creates body awareness
 Enhances alertness and mental performance
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60. FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED
 Technique should apply mechanical force to soft tissue of the body
 The force should not produce any change in the position of the joint or any
change in the normal anatomical shape of the site
 The technique must evoke some physiological and psychological effect
which serve to achieve the therapeutic, restorative and the preventive goal.
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61. APPEARANCE & ATTITUDE OF
THERAPIST
 Healthy & Good looking
 With good hygiene
 Should not wear any ornaments
 Should be completely Relaxed
 His/her manners should be pleasant & courteous
 As far as possible one should
avoid discussion during massage.
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62. KARMUKATA
iɧÉåMüÇxmÉvÉïlÉåÎlSìrÉÍqÉÎlSìrÉÉhÉÉÍqÉÎlSìrÉurÉÉmÉMüÇ,
cÉåiÉÈxÉqÉuÉÉÌrÉ, xmÉvÉïlÉurÉÉmiÉå urÉÉïmÉMüqÉÌmÉ cÉ cÉåiÉÈ!!
(CHA.SU.11/38)
 The sense of touch alone pervades all the senses.
 It is permanently associated with Mana.
 The tactual sensation is governed and pervaded by Mana
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63. Drugs undergoes Pachana by
Bhrajakapitta
Virya of drugs are absorbed
throughRomakupa,
Dhamani
Circulated all over the body
Nourishment of Dhatu and
thus Dosha shamana
ABHAYNGA
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64. PHYSIOLOGICAL EFFECTS
 Effects on the circulatory system
On the arterial flow
On the venous and lymphatic flow
 Effects on the skin
 Effects on nervous system
 Effects on metabolism
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65. EFFECT OF MASSAGE IN VENOUS &
LYMPHATIC FLOW
 Mechanical emptying of veins and lymphatic.
 The contraction of smooth muscles acts as pumping
action.
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66. ON ARTERIAL FLOW
Release of Vasodilators
Decrease inVenous congestion
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67. EFFECT ON SKIN
 Massage gradually improves Nutritive status followed by increasing the
temperature of skin.
 Sweat glands, Hair follicles, Sebaceous glands become free from obstruction
and can work effectively.
 Increased activation of Sweat glands increases perspiration and facilitates
Sebaceous secretions which further improves Lubrication and appearance of
skin .
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68. EFFECT ON NERVOUS SYSTEM
 Sensory system – Sedative effect may be achieved when done with slow
rhythm
 Pain can be relieved by stimulating the peripheral receptors like touch
and pressure which may release Anti pain substance like Beta-
Endorphin.
 Motor system - Increases Muscle tone by increased stimulation of skin
receptors or muscle stretch or muscle spindle.
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69. EFFECTS OF MASSAGE IN GLANCE
Increases:
 Venous & lymphatic flow
 Arterial Blood flow to the muscle and skin
 Stagnation of Fluid in tissue space
 Removal of waste products of metabolism
 Nutritive exchange between blood and cells
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70. Research Articles
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71. ISSUE 5 (2016) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AYURVEDA &
ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE eISSN-2348-0173
pISSN-2395-3985
Bagde A. B. et.al., Abhyanga (Oil Massage) - Protector, Preserver and Rejuvenator of the Body,
Int. J. Ayu. Alt. Med., 2016; 4(5):215-221
Page215
REVIEW ARTICLE
Scientific Journal Impact Factor 5.733 (2015) by InnoSpace Sci. Res., Morocco
Index Copernicus Value (2015) – 80.04
ABHYANGA (OIL MASSAGE) - PROTECTOR,
PRESERVER AND REJUVENATOR OF THE BODY
Bagde A. B.1*, Ramteke A.T.2, Godbole M.M.3, Jadhav K.K.4, Jadhav S.S.5
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72. Ayurpharm Int J Ayur Alli Sci., Vol.1, No.7 (2012) Pages 163 - 167 www.ayurpharm.com
ISSN: 2278-4772 Ayurpharm - International Journal of Ayurveda and Allied Sciences 163
Review Article
ROLE OF ABHYANGA (OIL MASSAGE) TO LEAD A
HEALTHY LIFE
Roshy Joseph C1*, Anu Cherian2, Joseph CT3
Conlusion-Hypothetically it can be concluded that abhyanga
should be done for 10 minutes daily as a part of dinacharya and to
treat any condition depending upon the strength, age etc 30-60
minutes.
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73. Journal Of Pediatric Psychology
Massage Therapy Improves Behavior in Neonates
Born to HIV-Positive Mothers1
Frank Scafidi Tiffany Field J Pediatr Psychol (1996) 21 (6): 889-897.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jpepsy/21.6.889
Published: 01 December 1996
Assigned randomly 28 neonates born to HIV-positive mothers to a massage
therapy or control group. The treatment infants were given three 15-minute
massages daily for 10 days. The massaged group showed superior performance
on almost every Brazelton newborn cluster score and had a greater daily weight
gain at the end of the treatment period unlike the control group who showed
declining performance.
University of Miami School of Medicine, P. O. Box 016820, Miami, Florida 33101
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74. CONCLUSION
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75.  Abhyanga is one of the procedures to be practiced routinely in the system of
once living.
 Different type of massage explained in ayurveda and modern helps man to
prevent the common health hazards.
 These will helps to lead healthy life. Massage has been used for centuries for
both therapeutic and preventing purposes.
 Massage may also stimulate the release of endorphins and reducing level of
certain stress hormones.
 Massage heals damaged muscle, stimulate circulation, clear waste product
via lymphatic system, boost immune system, reduce pain and tension and
induce a calming effect.
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76. THANK YOU
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