Lecture notes for diploma students (Animal Science)

1. འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་འཛིན་གཙུག་ལག་སློབ་སྡེ།
རང་འབྱུང་འཐློན་བསྡེད་མཐློ་རིམ་སློབ་ྲྭ།
སྤུ་ན་ཁ་རློང་ཁག།
ལློད་སྦུད་ས།
དློག་ཏྲར་་་འཇིགས་འབྡེལ་རློ་རྡེ།
རང་འབྱུང་འཐློན་བསྡེད་མཐློ་རིམ་སློབ་ྲྭ། སྤུ་ན་ཁ་རློང་ཁག།
ལློད་སྦུད་ས།
Minor Surgery

2. Amputation of Tail/ Tail Docking
Indications:
1. Irreparable injuries of the tail like
• Fractures
• Necrosis
• Gangrene
• Complete paralysis
Preparation of site:
• Clip the hairs at the proposed site of disarticulation.
Anesthesia:
• 1ml/100kg, 2% lignocaine in Epidural space (sacro-coccygeal
space)

3. Recumbency: Surgery in Bovine is done in standing position
• Sternal recumbency is mandatory in camels.
Procedure:
• A tourniquet can be applied at the base of the tail.
• Two V shaped flaps on dorsal and ventral surface is made distal to
the point of disarticulation.
• Major vessels should be ligated proximal to the site of
disarticulation.
• The intervertebral space is located by blunt dissection and joint
disarticulated with BP blade.
• Skin flaps are then apposed with simple interrupted pattern with
NA suture material.
• Suture is removed after 7 – 10 days. Daily dressing is necessary.

4. Dehorning
• Removal of Horn
Indications:
:Adult animals following irreparable injuries.
: Horn Cancer
: Misdirected/overgrown horns.
 Procedure requires sedation and Cornual nerve block or Can be
performed with General anesthesia

5. Cattle Goat/sheep
Tranquilizers/Sedatives
Chlorpromazine 0.3-0.6mg/kg I/M 1-2.2mg/kg I/M
Triflupromazine 0.11mg/kg I/M 1.1mg/kg I/M
Diazepam 0.5-1.0 mg/kg I/M 0.5-1.0mg/kg I/M
Other sedatives
Xylazine 0.03-0.2mg/kg IM 0.05-0.1mg/kg (Sheep)
0.01-0.1mg/kg (Goat)
Suggested schedule of Tranquilizers in Domestic ruminants
Ketamine can be used as general anesthetics along with
tranquilizers mentioned above

6. Horn Anatomy and Site for Dehorning

8. Dehorning Procedure:
1. Clip the hairs on the base of the horn.
2. Block the Cornual nerve with 2% lignocaine
3. Make an elliptical incision around the base of the horn.
4. Reflect the skin of both the sides of the incision to form a flap.
5. Ligate any blood vessels
6. Cut the exposed horn from the base with wire saw
7. Appose the flaps with interrupted mattress suture.
8. Cover the wound with protective bandage
9. Daily antiseptic dressing should be done if necessary .

9. Wound Closure: simple interrupted or Cross mattress

10. Disbudding/Debudding of Calves
• Removal of Horn Buds
• Age for Debudding: 5-15 days.
• At this age, horns buds are button like
and easy to remove.
• Cornual nerve block should be used
to avoid pain. 2% (5ml) lignocaine.

11. How it is done?
• Thermal (Hot iron)
• Chemical (Caustic potash, KOH)
• AgNo3

12. Watch the Videos for better
Understanding