2. Definitions Of Cleaning, Disinfection And
Sterilization
1. Cleaning:
The process of removal of organic debris
2. Disinfection:
A process intended to kill all pathogenic
micro-organisms except bacterial spores.
3. Sterilization:
The killing of all microbial life including bacteria,
spores, viruses and fungi.
3. 4. Antisepsis :
It refers to the use of solutions for disinfection.
5. Asepsis:
Is the absence of infectious organisms.
6. Infectious diseases:
Are caused by microscopic germs (such as bacteria or
viruses) that get into the body and cause problems
7. Contagious Disease:
Infectious diseases that spread from person to person.
4. Infection is still one of the most frequent
causes of morbidity and mortality following
surgery.
Antiseptic and aseptic techniques play a key
role in the reduction of surgical infection.
Patient, surgeon and environmental
Source of Infections
5. Prevention on the surgical ward: Hand Hygiene.
Decontamination every after contact with patients
with antiseptics.
Preparation of the patient: Thorough clipping of the
surgical sites, scrubbing the area with chlorohexidine,
application of Povidone iodine on the surgical sites.
Preparation of the surgical instruments: Sterilization
and disinfection of surgical sites with appropriate
methods.
Measures to Reduce Infection in the Hospitals
6. Preparation of the surgeon: Wearing sterilized gowns,
gloves, mask and hair cover at right time and
scrubbing hands with standard protocols using
detergents.
Preparation of the operating theatre: 19 and 22
degree C and humidity between 45 -55%
Antibiotic prophylaxis: only if postoperative wound
infection is anticipated (one hour before or 15 mins
before anesthesia.
Surgical technique: Poor tissue handling and
inadequate hemostasis may results in devitalization,
necrosis, wound infection etc.