1. Isaac Duroher – MI3

2. 0,01 𝑘𝑊
0,02 𝑘𝑊
50 °𝐶
0,4 𝑘𝑊
2 𝑘𝑊
Low Energy
Light bulb
Neon Light
Radiator @
Cyclist in full effort
Can you guess how much power (in kW) the following consume?
80 Horsepower City Car
59 kW

3. Only 35% of the combustion energy of an engine is used for propulsion.
80 Horsepower City Car
59 kW 38kW go to waste
The energy lost by all cars in France approximately 44.3% (nearly 500 GWh/day)
of the electrical energy produced by the entire French nuclear fleet!
• 1kW=one thousand
(103) watts
• 1GW=one billion
(109) watts
= parc nucléaire

4. Tires
Brakes
Radiator
Shock
Absorbers
Engine
Exhaust pipe
Where do all these losses take place?
Thermal energy
Kinetic energy
Brakes

5. The Solution
Recover and reuse the wasted energy
Kinetic energy recovery system (often known simply as KERS )
How?
• Recovers kinetic energy generated by the braking
• Recovered energy is stored in a reservoir flywheel  flywheel KERS
high voltage batteries  battery KERS
• Invented in 1950 by American physicist Richard Feynman
Flywheel=volant d'inertie

6. Flywheel KERS
carbon fiber rim (either a ring or tube)
clutch=embrayage

7. • Advantage: no conversion of the energy in
another form
 This reduces the inevitable losses during the
mechanical / electrical conversion
• Disadvantage: weight and bulk.
Flywheel KERS
=encombrement
3D view of the previous picture

8. Yield and industrial applications
• Formula 1 : 400 kJ issued by the KERS
 the equivalent in petroleum: 0.021 liter/lap 1.47 liter/Grand Prix
• Volvo: considering a 20% reduction in fuel consumption
Flywheel KERS
Yield= rendement

9. Battery KERS
The crankshaft (1) is "boosted" by an electric motor (3) that
is supplied by a battery (2)
vilebrequin

10. • Advantages: lighter and more compact than the flywheel
KERS.
• Disadvantages:  the battery can be pretty heavy
 battery life reduced because of the
rapid charge and discharge.
Battery KERS
Industrial application: Formula 1

11. What energy? Where ? How? Conversion ? Storage ? Use? Yield?
Recover the
lost energy
Mecanical
Energy
Braking
system
KERS
(most
common)
Mecanical to
electrical
energy
Battery
Restart or
accelerate
No info found
No
conversion
Flywheel
Restart or
accelerate
0.8 for 15 min
Exhaust Gases
Turbo-
compound
Mecanical to
electrical
energy
Battery
Increase
engine’s
power
Fuel savings of
10%
Tires &
Suspension
Piezoelectric
microsystems
(MEMS)
Pressure
energy to
electricity
No info found
Supplying
power to
autonomous
sensors
At 70 km / h,
producing 42
microwatts.
Shock
Absorbers
Vibrations to
electricity
Battery
Power
electronic
components
Reduced
consumptionb
y 2 to 10%
Thermal
Energy
Exhaust pipes
and radiator
Rankine Cycle
Thermal to
mecanical
energy
Battery
Power
electronic
components
Fuel savings of
10%
Direct heat
utilization
No
conversion
No storage
Heat the
cabin
No info found
Decrease the
engine warm-
up time
No info found
Thermo-
electricity
Thermal to
electrical
energy
Battery
Power vehicle
& electronic
components
Gain of 5% to
10% of fuel
Shape-
memory alloy
Thermal to
mecanical
then electric
energy
No storage
Power
electronic
components
No info found
Other existing systems

12. Other existing systems
Shape memory alloys
Thermoelectricity
energy recovery shock absorber
Rankine Cycle
Turbocompound
Piezoelectric microsystems
Thermal to
mecanical
energy
Pressure
energy to
electricity
Thermal to
electrical
energy
Mecanical to
electrical
energy
Vibrations to
electricity
Thermal to
mecanical
then electric
energy