Therapeutic application of kousheyashma

1. RASASHASTRA
AND
BHAISHAJYA
KALPANA
D
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P
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R
T
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F
Welcomes you all
05-Sep-171Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan

2. Presenter:
Dr.Saranya Sasi
2nd Year PG Scholar
THERAPEUTIC APPLICATION Of
Kousheyashma
Guide:
Dr.Govinda Sharma K
Asso:Professor
Department of Rasashastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana
Sri Dharmasthala Manjunatheswara College of Ayurveda
Hassan Karnataka
2
05-Sep-17Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan

4. KOUSHEYASHMA
 Mineral drug, looks like a stone made of compressed fibers.
 A no: of minerals belonging to the Amphibole group exhibits the
properties of Kousheyashma. Hence it may considered as the equivalent
of the industrial mineral name asbestos.
 They are usually silicates of Ca, Mg, Fe
 2 varieties in drug industry ( black stony variety & white fibrous
variety)
 The incinerated product (calx) of this is used in liver disorders
VERNACULAR NAMES
•Tamil Mal : Kannaram Kalnar Hiravi
• Hindi : Sangaresha
• Kannada : Kalnar
4Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

5. AYURVEDA
• No references in Brihatrayis laghu trayis or Nighantus
• Not recoreded in the commentaries of classical books of Rasasashtra like
Rasaratna Samuchaya or Rasaratnakaram
• Ayurveda literature of Kerala like Sahasrayogam,Chikitsamanjiri &
Yogamritham contain references of a few more minerals other than
those mentioned in Rasasashtra (Sahasravedhi Garuda Pacha &
Kalnar)
• Kannaram is first mentioned in Chikitsa Manjiri.
• In recent years, the drug find its name in AFI (Hiravi from
Sahasrayogam)
Classical References
5Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

6. SIDDHA
• Anubhootha Vaidya Brahma Rahasyam, Agastya
Vaidya Chandrika, Dhanvanthari Vaidyakavyam &
Siddha vaidya Tirattu  properties & uses of kalnar
• Included among the list of 120 uparasas in siddha
•Shodhana & Maarana of kalnar are given in detal Siddha
System of medicine
6Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

7. Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
7 05-Sep-17

8. 8Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

9. 05-Sep-17Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
9

10. THERAPEUTIC APPLICATIONS
OF KOUSHEYASHMA
1. Ayurveda 3.Folklore Usage
1. Internal 2.External
2. Siddha
10Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

11. 1. Combinations
Choornam
N Yoga Ingredients Indication MOA Matra Anupana
1. Balashoolari
Choorna
9.09% + 11
Kshaya Kasa
Swasa
Kukshi roga
Udara roga
Gulma Chardi
Internal 2.3gm Luke warm
water
N Yoga Ingredients Indication MOA Matra Anupana
1 Vayu gulika
(S.Y)
3.80% + 32
Mudhavata
Shula
Anulomana
Internal 125-
250
mg
Nayopaya
m
Kashyam
etc.
Gulika
11Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17
Ayurvedic Formulations

12. Ghritam
N Yoga Ingredients Indication
1 Tenginpookkuladi Ghritam
(SY)
0.08% + 25
Raktasrava
Post natal
period
Kashaya
N Yoga Ingredients Indication MOA Anupana
1
Valliyangadi
Kashaya (SY)
2.52% + 25 Jwara Sannipata
Jwara Internal Luke warm
water
2 Kashaya for
Madhumeha
(SY)
2.16% + 13
DM
Thirst & Burning
sensation of
body.
Internal Luke warm
water
12Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

13.  Asrigdhara Chikitsa (SY)
25% kousheyashma + Sahasravedhi, Kanmada, Ashwagandha
eq.quantity  churna  Asrigdhara  with dugdha
 Atyagni Chikitsa (SY)
25% Kousheyashma + Sahasravedhi, Kanmada, Yashti  eq.quantity 
churna  atyagni  with Sita & dugdha
13Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

14. Gulika
N Yoga Ingredients Indication MOA Matra Anupana
1 Shirastoda
Gulika (SY)
14.25% + 4 Shirashoola Lepana
(shira)
QS
V – Taila
P-Ghrita
K-Narikela
ksheera
2 Marma gulika
(S.Y)
5.2% + 43 Marma Vikara
Aghata
E/A 2gm Jala
EXTERNAL APPLICATION
•Kalnar as a single drug, is not indicated for E/A
14Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

15. N Yoga Ingredients Indication MOA Matra Anupana
1 Kachuradi
Choornam
(S.Y)
3.22% + 30
other
ingredients
Hidma Peenasa
Shiroruja
Budhibrama
Netraroga
Karnaroga
Lepana
(shira)
QS Stanya
 Sannipata Chikitsa
71 ingredients + 0.42% Kousheyashma  cooked with nimba taila 
E/A Abhyanga
 Indralupta Chikitsa
11.11% Kousheyashma + 8 other ingredients (Sahsravedhi, Jeeraka,
Pippali, Yashti  Churna  E/A  Scalp on Indralupta
Choornam
15Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

16. Sidha Formulations 1. Single Drug
 In Ayurvedic literature single drug usage of kalnar is not mentioned
 Siddha works mention the Kalnar Bhasma as a single drug.
 Kalnar Parpam (Parpam = Bhasma)
 Marana  final product  100% Kousheyashma
 Indication:
 Biliousness
 Painful Micturation
 inflammation of urogenital tract
 Leucorrhoea
 Experimental study on albino rats proved that kalpnar parpam have
anti-inflammatory property at a dose of 40mg/kg body weight****Anti-inflammatory activity of a Siddha drug Kalnar Parpam in albino rats.
V.Rajarajeswari M.Krishnaveni Gaidhani Sudesh
(http://openmed.nic.in/3142/01/kalnar )
16Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

17. N Yoga Ingredients Indication
1
Kshaya Kulantaka
Chendooram
(SSP)*
14.28% Respiratory diseases (TB)
2 Nandhi Mezhuku
(IMCOPS **1993)
0.60 % + 50
Insect bite, Rat bite, Carbuncle, RA, Colic,
Skin disease, eczema, urinary diseases,
piles, paralysis, edema, headache, fever,
ascitis, fistula & dental diseases (250-
500mg with palm jaggary OD/BD 12days)
3 Amrita Gandhi
Kukki Valathy
0.86% + 39 OA (500-700mg)
4 Jala manjari
(IMCOPS 1993)
6.25% Obesity, Edema, Anemia, Chlorosis,
5 A Tailam Sannipata Roga (Abhyanga)
17Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17
2. Combination
• Sidha System Of Pharmacopeia*
• Formulatary of siddha medicine, Indian Medical Practitioners
Co-operative Pharmacy and Stores**

18. • In Folklore, powder of Kousheyashma is used as toothpowder
• This practice is seen in South India especially in rural area of Karnataka,
Kerala Tamil Nadu
• They use it in treatment of Gingivitis
• 23 ingredients
18Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
Folklore Medicine
05-Sep-17

19. Market Samples
19Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

20. 1. A Study on analytical evaluation of a mineral drug
Kousheyashma - Dr.Govinda Sharma K Dept. Of Rasashastra
Gov.Ayurveda College TVM Kerala ; Kerala University - 2005
20Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

21. 05-Sep-17Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
21
2. Pharmaceutico-analytical and toxicity study of kousheyasma
bhasma - Dr.Saranya Sasi Dept.of Rasasashtra and Bhaishajya Kalpana
SDMCAH Hassan RGUHS Bengaluru - 2015
3. Experimental study on anti epileptic action of kousheyashma
bhasma - Dr.Nidhin Dept.of Rasasashtra and Bhaishajya Kalpana SDMCAH
Hassan RGUHS Bengaluru - 2016
4. An open label single arm prospective study on kousheyashma
bhasma in apasmara (epilepsy) - Dr.Chaitra Dept.of Manasa roga
evam mano vijgyana SDMCAH Hassan RGUHS Bengaluru - 2016

22. 22Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

23. • In Ayurvedic Books single drug usage of Kausheyashma is not mentioned
• Siddha books, mentioned the uses of kalnar parpam as a single drug.
• In folklore practice, powder of Kousheyashma is used as tooth powder.
• Use it in the treatment of Gingivitis.
• Other indications (of formulations) are:
23Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
Ascitis
 Epilepsy
 Headache
 Fistula
 Dental Problems
 Gall Bladder stones
 Carbuncles
RA
Skin diseases
Urinary
diseases
 Piles
 Paralysis
 Leprosy
 Ca
 Fever
 Spermatorrhoea
 Edema
Obesity
 Anemia
 Respiratory
problems
 TB
Insect bites
05-Sep-17

24. Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
24
• Frequently used formulations:
 Marmani Gulika – E/A – marmavikara and aghata
 Kachuradi Churna – E/A – Peenasa, jwara, shirashula and brahma
 Shirastoda Gulika - E/A – Shiro roga
• Speciality Wise
 Kaumara Bhritya : Balashulari Choorna
 Agada Tantra : Nandhi Mezhugu
 Shalya tantra : Marmani Gulika
 Prasooti & Stree : Tengin Pookkuladi ghrita
 Shalakya Tantra : Kachuradi Churna, Sirastoda Gulika
 Kayachikitsa : Other formulations
• From the list of disease for which kalnar is used as a single drug it is indicated in
Pittaja Vyadhi
• In combination the application extends to tridhosha
05-Sep-17

25. Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
25
Percentage of Kousheyashma in Various Formulations
No Formulations % Indication
1 Kachuradi Choorna 3.22
Hidma, Peenasa, Jwara,Shiroruja,
Budhibramsa,
Netraroga,Karnaroga,Kaphaja &
Sannipataja Roga
2 Shirastoda Gulika 14.28 Shirasula
3 Marma Gulika 5.2 Marma vikara and Aghata
4 Valiyangadi Kashaya 2.56 Sannipata Jwara
5 Tenginpookkuladi Ghrita 0.08 Raktasrava in post natal period
6 A Churna 25 Asrigdhara
7 A Churna 25 Atyagni
8 Vayu Gulika 3.8 Mudhavata and shula
05-Sep-17

26. Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
26
9 Balashoolari
Churna
9.09 Childhood disorders like kasa swasa, gulma
udara, chardi, hridroga, kukshiroga
10 Sannipata Chikitsa 0.42 Sannipata roga
11 Kasturyadi Gulika 3.13 Vayukshobha shwasa kasa and angamarda
12 Indralupta chikitsa 11.11 Indralupta
13 Jalamanjari 6.25 Obesity edema anemia chlorosis and swelling
14 Kshaya Kulantaka
chenduram
14.28 kshaya
15 Nandi Mezhugu 0.60 Insects bite, rat bite, carbuncle, colic, skin
diseases, Ca, Eczema, RA, Urinary disease,
piles, paralysis, leprosy, anemia, edema, etc.
16 Kalnar Parpam 100 Biliousness, painful micturation, UTI,
Leucorrhea
17 Kashayam for
Madhumeha
2.16 Dabetes Mellitus
18 Amritha Gandhi
Kukkil Valathy
0.86 Osteo Arthritis
05-Sep-17

27.  Kousheyashma is a mineral drug grouped under sikata
varga
 No much references of this mineral are available in
authoritive books of Ayurveda in Sanskrit, Hindi or English
 Malayalam books of Ayurveda mentioned about this drugs
as Kalnar
 Siddha literature also contain the description on this
material drug.
 Studies have proved that it is essentially a variety of
Asbestos with a major Composition of Silica of Mg & Ca
 12 formulations of kouseyashma are found in Ayurveda
books and 6 in Siddha literature
27Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17

28. 1. Sahasrayogam KVK Pillai Vidyarambham Publishers Alapuzha 21st edition
2. Chikitsa Manjari Nambudiri D Vidyarambham Publishers Alapuzha 3rd edition
3. Yogamrutham Nambudiri D Vidyarambham Publishers Alapuzha 2nd edition
4. AFI CCRAS N.Delhi 1st Edition
5. Siddha System of Pharmacopoeia Siddha Medical Literature Research Centre
6. Ayurvediya Rasashastra S.N Misra Chaukamba Orientalia Varanasi 9th Edition
7. Sharma Govinda, Rajendran N, George K T, Kumar S N, A study on analytical
Evaluation of mineral drug Kousheyashma, Proceedings of International conference
on recent advances in Ayurveda Pharmaceutics
8. Sharma Govinda K, Anuradha K N, Shetty Suhas Kumar, Critical appraisal on
formulations of Kousheyashma (Asbestos). J.Biol Scientific Opinion Vol 1(3)
9. Rajarajeswari V, Krishnaveni M, Sudesh Gaidhani ,Anti-inflammatory activity of
a Siddha drug Kalnar Parpam in albino rats.
(http://openmed.nic.in/3142/01/kalnar)
28Department of RSBK SDM College of Ayurveda
Hassan
05-Sep-17