Ayurvedic Treatment of Alcoholic Disorders
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Ayurvedic Treatment of Alcoholic Disorders
- 1. WELCOME YOU ALL DEPARTMENT OF MANO VIJYAN EVAM MANASA ROGA 1
- 2. AYURVEDIC TREATMENT OF ALCOHOLIC DISORDERS PRESENTOR: GUIDED BY: Dr. PRABHAKAR MANU Dr. SUHAS KUMAR SHETTY 2ND YEAR PG SCHOLAR PROFESSOR DEPT. OF MANO VIJYAN EVAM MANASA ROGA
- 3. CONTENTS • INTRODUCTION TO MADYA AND MADATYAYA • STANDARD ALCOHOL CONTENT • PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOL VS OJUS • STAGES OF MADA • SAMPRAPTHI • STAGES OF MADATYAYA • DHAVAMSAKA AND VIKSHAYA • ON DOSHIC BACKGROUND • SHORT AND LONG TERM EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL • COMPLICATIONS OF MADATYAYA • GENERAL SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS 3
- 4. CONTENTS…… • GENERAL LINE OF TREATMENT • PRACTICAL APPROACH TO MADATYAYA • SINGLE DRUGS – CLINICAL EXPERIENCE • COMPOUND/CLASSICAL MEDICINES • SATVAVAJYA CHIKITSA • CASE STUDIES WITH STAGE WISE MANAGEMENT • RECENT RESEARCH UPDATES • DISCUSSION • CONCULSION 4
- 5. INTRODUCTION TO ALCOHOL (madya) • Madya is defined as ‘Madyatyanena Karaņe Yat Madya ’i.e., which does the action of Mada is called Madya. • The term alcohol originally referred to the primary alcohol ethanol (ethyl alcohol), the predominant alcohol in alcoholic beverages. It is classed as a CNS Depressant. 5
- 6. INTRODUCTION TO ALCOHOLISM (madatyaya) मदेनात्ययो मदात्ययः (अ.सं.नन.६ ) • Prevalence of Alcohol in India - 21.4% Year : 2010 | Volume : 52 | Issue : 7 | Page : 189-199 Substance use and addiction research in India National institute of mental health and neurosciences, Bangalore Pratima Murthy, N Manjunatha, BN Subodh, Prabhat Kumar Chand, Vivek Benegal 6
- 7. STANDARD ALCOHOL CONTENT Beer 5–8% Cider 4–8% Wine 8–20% Tequila 40% Rum 40% or more Brandy 40% or more Gin 40–47% Whiskey 40–50% Vodka 40–50% Liquors 15–60% 7
- 8. PROPERTIES OF ALCOHOL VS OJUS • Laghu -------------------------- Guru • Ushna -------------------------- Sheeta • Amla -------------------------- Madhura • Teekshna -----------------------Mridu • Ashu -------------------------- Prasad • Rooksha-------------------------Snigdha • Vyavayi --------------------------Sthira • Vikasi -------------------------- Kshlashna • Visada -------------------------- Picchila 8
- 9. 9
- 10. S STAGES OF MADA LAKSHANAS B.A.C BEHAVIORAL CORELATES SROTAS INVOLVED PRATHAMA Happiness, relaxed. Promotes good sleep. 25-100 mg% Excitement Buddhivaha DWITEEYA Impaired Speech, vision and thought process. Inappropriate activities. 100-200mg% Excitement Confusion Manovaha Buddhivaha Cheshtavaha TRITEEYA Lack of self control. 200-300mg% Slurred speech Confusion incordination Sanjnavaha (Smrithi) chestavaha CHATURTHA (Vangasena) Hypothermia Dysarthria Cold sweats Unconsciousness >300mg% Respiratory distress. Coma. Death. Sanjnavaha Chetanavaha
- 11. Samprapti Excessive alcohol(madya) Tikshna, ushna, vidahi, By vyavayi, vikasi, sukshma guna Makes annarasa utkledha Hrudaya is the sthana of Ojas, satva, buddhi, indriya,mana Antardaha, trishna, jvara Pramoha,vibhrama, and mada causes obstruction of vayu pt. suffers from pain…… . MADATYAYA 11
- 12. SAMPRAPTI GHATAKA 12 DOSHA TRIDOSHAJA DHATU RASADI DHATUS, ESPECIALLY RASA,RAKTA MANASIKA DOSHA RAJAS AND TAMAS SROTAS MANOVAHA, RASADI SARVA SROTAS SATVA AVARA MULA STHANA HRIDAYA
- 13. 13
- 14. s TYPES SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS CRITICAL ANALYSIS PANAATYAYA • Sthambha, angamarda, hrudaya graha, thodha, kampa, shiroruja- VATA • Sweda, pralapa, mukhashosha, daha, murcha- PITTA • Vamathu, seeta, kapha praseka- KAPHA • Presence of all symptoms -SANNIPATA is considered to be samanya madatyaya lakshanas ,differs according dosa pradhnyatha. PARA MADA Ushma, Angagurutha, virasanuntvam, Aruchi, Malamutra sangam,Trushna and Shiroruja, sandhibheda Madya in vidahi avastha vitiates the rasa dhatu, and rasa vaha srotas. PANAAJIRNA Adhmana, sour vomiting, daha- during digestion – predominance of pitta. Indigested madya, along with vitiated pitta in amashaya without parinama (alc. Ind. Gastritis) PANAVIBHRAMA Hrudgatrathoda, chardi, jwara, murcha, shiroruja, daha, Dvesha- towards sura and food. Hangover /withdrawal symptoms Madya vitiates the rasa and raktha dhatu and their srotas.
- 15. •When a person after quitting alcohol if suddenly takes alcohol then 15
- 16. DHVAMSAKA VIKSHAYA • श्लेष्मप्रसेकः – Excessive salivation • कण्ठास्य शोषः – Dryness of the throat and mouth • शब्दासहिष्णुता – Intolerance to noise • तन्द्रा – Excessive drowsiness • ननरानतयोग – Excessive Sleep • हृत्कण्ठरोगः Cardiac & Throat disorder • सम्मोि – Unconsciousness • छहदि – Vomiting •अङ्गरुजा – Pain in the limbs •ज्वरः – Fever • तृष्णा – Morbid thirst • कासः – Cough •शशरःशूल – Headache 16
- 17. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS OF MADATYAYA IN GENERAL शरीर दुःखः सम्मोि हृदय व्यथा अरुचि प्रतत तृष्णा ज्वर शीत उष्ण लक्षणा शशरः पाश्वि अस्स्थ सन्द्धीनां ववध्यत्तुु्य वेदना स्फु रणं वेपनं श्रमः उरोववबन्द्धः कास ,हिक्का ,श्वास प्रजागरः शरीरकम्पः कणि अक्षक्ष मुख रोगः त्रिक ग्रि छहदि ,अनतसार ,हृ्लासा भ्रमः प्रलाप रूपाणां असतां िैव दशिनम् भ्रान्द्त िेताः व्याकु लानमशस्तानां स्वप्नानां दशिनम् 17
- 19. DOSHA NIDANA SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS VATAJA Indulges in sthri, shoka,bhaya Heavy work, alcohol which is ruksha- leads to impairment of sleep. Hikka, shwasa, kampa, parsva shula, prajagara, pralapa PITTAJA Food intake which is tikshna, ushna, having madya which is tikshna, amla. Trushna, daha, jwara, sweda,murcha, atisara, bhrama. KAPHAJA Intake of madhura, sneha, guda, not doing regular exercises, day sleep, consumes alcohol not properly fermented. Chardhi, arochaka, hrillasa, tandra, heaviness and chills. SANNIPATA Mixed nidana of tridoshas, effect will be as of visha, but not as powerful as visha. Mixed signs and symptoms, may cause death or leads to disease. 19
- 20. Long term effects Nervous system Muscles Lungs Liver Sexual organs Brain Heart Stomach 20
- 21. COMPLICATIONS OF MADATYAYA • FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME • ALCOHOLIC LIVER DISORDERS- (FATTY LIVER, ALCOHOLIC HEPATITIS, ALCOHOLIC CIRRHOSIS) • ASCITES- JALODARA • WERNICKE'S ENCEPHALOPATHY-VITAMIN B 1 DEFICIENCY • KORSAKOFF SYNDROME • ALCOHOL INDUCED PSYCHOSIS- VISHAJA UNMADA • CANCER- LIVER 21
- 22. GENERAL LINE OF TREATMENT सवं मदात्ययं ववद्यात् त्रिदोषमचधकं तु यम ् दोषं मदात्यये पश्येत् तस्यादौ प्रनतकारयेत् कफस्थानानुपूव्याि ि क्रिया कायाि मदात्यये वपत्तु मारुत पयिन्द्तः प्रायेण हि मदात्ययः (ि.चि.२४/१०७-१०८) 24
- 25. SCREENING – CAGE QUESTIONAIRE • Have you ever felt you needed to Cut down on your drinking? • Have people Annoyed you by criticizing your drinking? • Have you ever felt Guilty about drinking? • Have you ever felt you needed a drink first thing in the morning (Eye-opener) to steady your nerves or to get rid of a hangover? 29
- 27. TREATMENT-INTOXICATION • If fit for Vamana - SADYO VAMANA Yastimadhu Phanta, Saindhava Jala • Santarpana- If unfit for Shodhana other symptoms like anidra can also be managed symptomatically. (Shamana Aushadhi like Kharjura Draksha,Dadima, Sreekhandasava,Draksharista) 31
- 28. TREATMENT- WITHDRAWAL • First line of Treatment –SANTARPANAJANYA CHIKITSA • Deepana, Pachana, Abhayanga, Takradhara • Dadima, kharjura, uses of anticraving, medhya and sedative ayurvedic drugs, First Vamana then Virechana and at last Basti… • Satvavajaya chikitsa 32
- 29. TREATMENT - DEPENDENCE • First line of Treatment – USES OF ANTI CRAVING AND SEDATIVE DRUGS • Deepana, Pachana , Takradhara, Abhayanga, Panchakarma…….. • Psychotherapy- Cognitive Behaviour Therapy • Motivational Counselling • Group Counselling • Bhayadarshana about the disease…………… 33
- 30. Practical approach of Management • Shamana - Symptomatic and emergency management • Shodhana - Purification and detoxification • Adravya Chikitsa - Non Pharmacological Manonigrahana- De addiction Apunarbhava - Relapse prevention 34
- 32. BRAHMI ASHWAGANDHA CNS relaxant Decreased GABA receptor [ANTI CRAVING]- effect of Bacopa monnieri and Bacoside-A- • Useful in alcohol induced & aspirin induced ulcers (J Exp Bio, 2001, Feb, 39(2), 137-42) • Jobin Mathew,1 Savitha Balakrishnan,2 Sherin Antony,2 Pretty Mary Abraham,2 and CS Paulose2 J Biomed Sci. 2012; 19(1): 25. Published online 2012 February 24. doi: 10.1186/1423-0127- 19-25 Anxiolytic-antidepressant – glycowithanolides Anti craving Leaf – Hepato protective (As effective as hydrocortisone) Root – Anti stress activity (Phytother Res 2003, 531-6) (AHP) (NMCD) • Bhattacharya SK, Bhattacharya A, Sairam K, Ghosal S.Source-Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. salil@banaras.ernet.in Phytomedicine. 2000 Dec;7(6):463-9. 36
- 33. JATAMAMSI SHANKAPUSHPI Dry rhizomes – Insomnia, disturbed mental state (API) Decreases serotonin level Jatamansone – hyperactivity, restlessness, aggressive almost at par with D - amphetimine Nootropic, anxiolytic and CNS- depressant Pharm Biol. 2011 Dec;49(12):1234-42. Epub 2011 Aug 16.Malik J, Karan M, Vasisht K.Source-Department of Herbal Drug Research, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, India. 37
- 34. BHRINGARAJA KUSHMANDA Wedelolactone & demethyl wedelolactone – hepatoprotective Liver cell regeneration Immunoactive property Fruit juice – tranquilizing activity, mild CNS depressant (amino acids) Best medhya ahara 38
- 35. MANDUKAPARNI GUDUCHI HERAPONIN – SEDATIVE TRANQUILIZING EFFECT ON ALBINO RATS (50 MG/KG ALCOHOL EXTRACT) HEPATOPROTECTIVE Decrease in LFT in hepatic toxicity in mature rats (J Toxicol Sci 2002, 27(3), 139-46) 39
- 37. 41 PREPARATIONS INGREDIENTS INDICATIONS KHARJURADI MANTHA Kharjura, Mridvika, Vriksamla, Amalaki, Dadima. (Bhai.Ratnavali) ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL MRUDVIKADI KASHAYA Mrudvika, madhuka, yastimadhu, pippali, kharjura, candana, sariva, musta, laja, ushira- (SaharsaYoga) ALCOHOL WITHDRAWAL DRAKSHARISTA Draksha, twak, patra, ela, nagakesara, pippali, vidanga, dhataki - (Shar. Samitha) ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE & WITHDRAWAL BOTH SREEKANDASAVA Sweta chandana, jatamamsi, haridra, musta, ushira, amalaki, maricha, lodhra, dhataki, guda.- (Bhai.Ratnavali) IN ALL CONDITIONS OF MADATYAYA
- 38. 42 PREPARATIONS INGREDIENTS INDICATIONS ASHVAGANDHARISTA Ashvagandha, manjista, haritaki, haridra, madhuka, arjuna, musta, candana, trikatu.- ( Bhai.Ratnavali) ANTI CRAVING EFFECT SUMUKTI Triphala, Kirata tikta, Draksha, Katuki, Bhrngaraja, Mandukaparni, Guduchi, Ashwagandha, Yashtimadhu SDM, Hassan ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE HERBADICT Bhoomyamalaki, Bhrngaraja, Punaranava, Khadira, Vidanga, Katuki, Trikatu, Kiratatikta,mukta Shukti Bhasma, Mandoora Bhasma, Rajata Bhasma - Muniyal Ayurveda ANTI CRAVING EFFECT
- 40. SATVAVAJAYA ASHWAASANA (REASSURANCE) VIJNANA: Insight building( Lab reports, Photos, Videos, Previous cases) DHAIRYA: Motivation enhancement therapy, self realization SMRITHI: Motivating the patient to overcome difficult situations with out alcohol abuse 44
- 41. Adravya Chikitsa • बन्द्धनं • तमोगृिवास In Delirium • तजिनं : Scolding • िासनं : Scaring about the health complications 45
- 42. CASE STUDY 46
- 43. Case - 1 • Pt.name: XYZ Age-35 yrs. Sex: male. OP-001724 Presenting complaints: Pt. was brought by his friends with c/o generalized body ache, pain in the sides of chest, tremors, severe thirst, sweating with burning sensation, irrelevant talk. History of present illness:- k/c/o of alcoholic since 1 year. pt. had consumed around 300-400ml of alcohol with out taking food since from 4 days. 47
- 44. Systemic examination: CNS: Conscious., partially oriented Vitals: BP: 118/70mmhg, PR: 88/min. A- reduced B- irregular M- mild burning sensation S- disturbed Diagnosis: PANATYAYA (Vatapitta pradhana) Treatment given: 1. Ashwasana 2. Shirodhara with Brahmi taila 3. Kharjuradi mantha 100ml bd 2days. 4. Mrudvikadi kashaya 20ml tid 5. Ksheera pathya Result : Body ache, pain in the sides of chest, tremors- reduced Thirst, sweating ,burning sensation, irrelevant talk- relived 48
- 45. Case-2 Pt. name: abc Age: 26yrs sex: male OP-001715 Presenting complaints: Pt. was brought by his father c/o distension of abdomen, nausea, vomiting, burning sensation H/o of present illness: pt. is k/c/o alcoholic since from 5yrs, last intake - on same day around 250ml O/E: physical injuries+ CNS: partially disoriented, clouding of consciousness 49
- 46. Vitals: BP: 110/70mmhg, PR: 80/min. A- reduced B- irregular M-normal S- disturbed Diagnosis: PANAAJIRNA(kapha pitta pradhana) Treatment given:- Sadyo vamana: with Milk+ Yastimadhu phanta Pt. got 5 vegas. Samsarjana karma advised Pt. was comfortable; distension of abdomen, nausea, vomiting, burning sensation relived. 50
- 47. Case 3 Pt. name: xyz Age: 36yrs sex: male OP- 031981 Presenting complaints: pt. came with c/o chest pain, nausea, headache, giddiness, aversion to food and alcohol H/O of present illness: pt. is known case of alcoholic since from 6yrs, last intake of alcohol- 1day back around 350ml. S/E: CNS: clouded consciousness, oriented 51
- 48. Vitals : BP 130/80mmhg , A-reduced B-not passed from 2days M-normal S-disturbed Diagnosis: Panavibhrama. Treatment given: • Sreekandasava 20ml tid • Kharjuradi mantha 100ml tid • Panchakola phanta 50ml tid 2days • Ksheera pathya Results: Headache, Giddiness, aversion towards food- relived. Appetite increased. 52
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- 51. • Vamana In acute intoxicated stage Kapha pradhana lakshana Alcohol present in Amashaya • Virechana Chronic cases of Abuse Patient not fit for Vamana Less Kaphadushti • Nasya: Altered consciousness Delirium, Depression • Basti: In chronic Stage शोधन, ब्य, मेध्य When Ojas is affected Where other shodhana are contraindicated 55
- 52. Significant improvement in the Astanga Lavana Group after treatment compared to Placebo group. 56
- 53. Madhutriphala and gudardraka yoga which is used for seven days is clinically significant in subsiding withdrawal symptoms of alcohol. 57
- 54. • Dr. Niranjan L. Hegde in 2012 done clinical study on role of Satwavajaya chikitsa and Guduchyadi yoga in management of Madatyayaja Yakrit Vikaras, PG dissertation. The study shows Satvavajaya chikitsa and Guduchyadi Yoga combined group is better than Guduchyadi Yoga group and Guduchyadi Yoga group is better than Satvavajaya chikitsa with placebo group. • Dr. Unnikrishnan in 2013 done a clinical study on efficacy Sumukti an indigenous compound on madaatyaya w.s.r. alcoholic dependence. Clinically significant result was found in both subjective and objective parameters. It is was used for a duration of three months was found be clinically significant in management of alcoholic dependency. 58
- 55. • Dr. Ashok J -Efficacy of Mridveekadi Kashaya in the management of madaatyaya w.s.r. Alcohol withdrawal symptoms. Study shows Mridveekadi Kashaya significant results on mild to moderate alcohol withdrawal by 3rd to 4th day along with improved liver functions. • Ongoing Clinical study on the efficacy of patoladi gana kashaya in the management of madaatyaya janya yakrithvikara (alcoholic liver disease) by Dr. Sushruth kumar jain. 59
- 56. Discussion • Alcohol abuse leads to different conditions of Alcohol related disorder, but the timely interventions on the causative factors of abuse can prevent person from abusing. • During stages of MADA, person will not come for treatment, if he brought, we are treating on the basis of dosha.
- 57. • Intoxication is transient condition following the administration of psycho active substances. it may be taken as Panatyaya, Paramada, Panajeerna or Panavibhrama. • Withdrawal is characterized by a cluster of symptoms often specific to the drug used, which develop on total or partial withdrawal of drug usually after repeated use of drug. Mostly it is vata pradhana - samanya madatyaya lakshanas are seen and management is accordingly. • Dependence is a Cluster of psychological, behavioral, and cognitive phenomena in which there is a desire, which is often strong to take the psycho active substance on a continuous or periodic basis.
- 58. • Once the stage of madatyaya is diagnosed and managed on the basis of dosha, next aim of treatment is Shodhana, Manonigraha and Apunarbhava. • Usually Snehapana followed by Vamana/ Virechana is done and Shamanoushadhi which is Medhya and Anticraving are advised.
- 59. Conclusion • Pharmacological treatments plays a major role in stage wise management of madatyaya, but Non pharmacological treatment like counselling, motivation and family therapy has greater role in supportive measures and relapse prevention and for better treatment outcomes. • Decide Shodhana & Shamana based on Bala • Motivation is the key factor + • Family support & follow up at primary level is important • Wide range of potent Hepatoprotective drugs +++ • Prevention is better than cure 63
- 60. THANK YOU…… 64
Notas del editor
- The substance causing ‘Mada’ produces disturbances of intellect faculty by its virtue of Tamoguna is called Madya. The properties of Madya can be compared to Visha
- Word Madatyaya is composed of two terms i.e. Mada - any exhilarating or intoxicating condition. Atyaya – suffering. Hence suffering from intoxicating drink is known as Madatyaya. Alcohol is absorbed into the bloodstream via small blood vessels in the walls of the stomach and small intestine. Within minutes of drinking alcohol, it travels from the stomach to the brain, where it quickly produces its effects, slowing the action of nerve cells. Approximately 20% of alcohol is absorbed through the stomach. Most of the remaining 80% is absorbed through the small intestine. Alcohol is also carried by the bloodstream to the liver, which eliminates the alcohol from the blood through a process called “metabolizing,” where it is converted to a nontoxic substance. The liver can only metabolize a certain amount at a time, leaving the excess circulating throughout the body. Thus the intensity of the effect on the body is directly related to the amount consumed. When the amount of alcohol in the blood exceeds a certain level, the respiratory (breathing) system slows down markedly, and can cause a coma or death, because oxygen no longer reaches the brain.
- To calculate BAC level
- Qualities of OJUS VS MADYA table
- If continued to drink for longer duration he will land up in the stage of madatyaya.., Mada turns into madatyaya condition
- Intake of excessive alcohol which is Tikshņa, Ushņa, Amla and Vidahi makes the Annarasa Utkleda and will be digested improperly which ultimately turns Kshara and causes Antardaha (burning sensation in the interior of the body), Jvara (fever), Trishņa (morbid thirst), Pramoha (loss of orientation), Vibhrama (completely deranged mental faculty) and Mada (intoxication). The Dosha incited by alcohol causes obstruction to the movement of Vayu in the Srotas (channels of circulation) because of which the patient suffers from excruciating pain in the head, bones and joints.
- Exclusively mentioned by acharya susrutha,
- Since both these ailments appear in an emaciated and weak person, their treatment is done on the line suggested for the treatment of Vatika type of Madatyaya. Basti (medicated enema), Sarpis (medicated ghee), milk, ghee, massage, unction, bath, food and drinks which cause alleviation of Vata Dosha. Intake of alcohol in appropriate manner will not give rise to disease caused by [excessive intake of] alcohol. [190-205]
- All the signs and symptoms manifested in Madatyaya are as followed: Sharira dukha – Excruciating pain in the body, Sam moha – Unconsciousness, Hrdi vyatha – pain in the cardiac region, Aruchi – anorexia and Pratata trshna – incessant thirst Shita ushna jvara – Fever having the characteristics of cold and heat Shirah, pārśvāsthi sandhīnāṃ vidyuttulyā ca vedanā – Lightening pain in the head, sides of the chest, bones and joints,Ati jrmbha – severe yawning, Sphuranam – throbbing, Vepanam – twitching, Shrama – Fatigue Uro vibandha – obstruction in the chest,Kasa – coughing, Hikka – hiccup, Shvasa – Asthma Prajagaran – insomnia and Sharira kampa – trembling of the body, Karna akshi mukha roga – Diseases of the ears, eyes and mouth, Trika graha – Stiffness of the Trika (sacro- iliac joint), Chardi – Vomiting,Atisara – diarrhoea and Vata, pitta , kapha hrllasa – Nausea caused by Vata, Pitta and Kapha, Bhrama – Giddiness, Pralapa – delirium and Rupanam cha mastanam cha darshana – Visualisation of non- existing objects, tṛṇa bhasma latā parṇa pāṃśubhiścāvapūraṇam – Feeling as if the body is covered with grass, ash, creepers, leaves and dust and dashing of birds over the body because of bewilderment and pradharṣaṇaṃ vihaṅgaiśca bhrāntacetāḥ sa manyate – Dreaming of terrifying and inauspicious objects [101- 106]
- Doshic stages of madatyaya, if these persons are prone for such nidanas, then they will these doshic symptoms.
- Chronic use of alcohol can lead to long term effects on the body. As synapses and transmitters are affected in the nervous system, loss of sensation in hands and feet occur. The muscles of the body become weak, and lungs have a greater chance for infection as the immune system becomes less responsive. The liver receives blood directly from the intestines, which is the major site for absorption of alcohol. The liver breaks down the alcohol; however, the products that are produced during this process are toxic to the liver. This can cause liver damage in the form of inflammation or cirrhosis (scarring of the liver).(5,6) Although sexual desire is enhanced, impotence could be a long term result with the use of alcohol. Alcohol affects all parts of the brain and can result in brain cell damage. Loss of memory occurs with impairment of the hippocampus, which is the part of the brain responsible for storing new memories. Damage to the cerebral cortex will lead to lack of coordination while damage to the cerebellum will affect mood. Finally, damage to the brain stem may result in lack of normal body functions and regulations, such as breathing, heart rate and body temperature. Long term affects of heavy drinking may interfere with the mitochondria of the heart cells. These are the energy producing organelles and without proper energy, the heart does not function as normal. Hypertension is also a problem for the chronic drinker and could possibly lead to a stroke. The esophagus normally contracts and relaxes allowing food to move to the stomach. Alcohol inhibits this contraction which allows stomach acids to move into the esophagus causing irritation. It might also be a factor in gastritis. Scientist are currently undergoing studies to determine if alcohol or bacteria are the major cause of ulcers in alcoholics.(5,6)
- All the types of Madatyaya are caused by the vitiation of all the 3 Doshas in the beginning, treatment is made of the most predominant Dosha. If all the Doshas are equally aggravated, the treatment is started from the location of Kapha, followed by that of Pitta, and lastly that of Vata. The ailments caused by the drinking of alcohol in wrongful manner or in excess quantity or in less quantity can be cured by taking the same alcohol in appropriate manner and quantity. After the morbidity caused by the immaturity of the digestion and metabolism of alcohol is overcome by its proper digestion and metabolism, when the patient desire to have food and drinks, and when there is a feeling of lightness of the body, he is given alcohol which is cooling in effect, which is added with Bida and Saindhava types of salt, and which is diluted with the juice of Matulunga – Lemon variety – Citrus decumana / Citrus lemon and water by a physician well versed with posology i.e appropriate quantity. [107- 111]
- mentioned effective therapeutic measures cure alcoholism. If not, then the physician should give up therapies comprising alcohol, and administer milk for its treatment. After the diseases are cured by the administration of milk, and after the patient has gained strength, the milk is gradually withdrawn, and alcohol is substituted in its place little by little. [195- 196]
- Anuloma – Triphala, Draksha Yakrit Uttejaka – Bringaraja, Guduchi, Kirtatikta Medhya Rasayana – Mandokaparni, Yastimadhu, Ashwagandha HERBADICT- ANTI CRAVING EFFECT- BOTH ALCOHOL AND NICOTINE
- This is stage wise management, after this will give agnideepana, pachana, snehapana and shodhana. Madya in madatyaya i.e amla rasa of madya converts Ksharatva (annarasa) in the abdomen into madhura rasa, reduces symptoms.
- Hang over/ withdrawal symptoms
- If a person is indulging in alcohol, out of curiosity, peer pressure, failures, etc.. during that time if the family, others supports the person we can prevent him from alcoholism.