1. 1

2. DIPAK KUMAR DASH
M.PHARM
PHARMACEUTICS
HPI
2

3. The process of movement of
unchanged drug from the site of
administration to systemic
circulation.
3

4. The majority of drug are administered
extravascularly generally orally
The drug can exerts their pharmacological
action when they come in to blood
circulation from their site of application,
and for this absorption is an important step
Drug absorption is defined as the process
of movement of unchanged drug from the
site of administration to systemic circulation
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5. 1. Passive diffusion
2. Pore transport
3. Carrier mediated transport
4. Facilitated diffusion
5. Active transport
6. Electrochemical diffusion
7. Ion-pair transport
8. endocytosis 5

6. Direction of diffusion always from higher to lower
concentration.
down the equilibrium exchange of
gradient solute 6

7. Driving force is concentration gradient.
Down hill transport occur.
Drug transfer directly proportional
to concentration gradient across
membrane.
Greater membrane/water partition
coefficient faster the absorption.
7

8. Which states that the drug molecules
diffuse from a region of higher conc. to
lower conc. until equilibrium is attained.
Sink condition.
8

9. Absorption of low molecular weight
drug .
Driving force is hydrostatic pressure.
Solvent drag.
Permeation through water filled
channel.
9

10. False nutrients.
Transport process is structure
specific.
Limited carrier.
Capacity limited.
10

11. Here drug absorption increases with
concentration until carrier become
saturated after that it becomes
constant value.
FIRST ORDER+ZERO ORDER
11

12. FACILITATED DIFFUSION
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
12

13. Operate down the concentration
gradient.
Faster than passive diffusion.
No energy expenditure involved.
Glucose transport occur.
13

14.  Uses transport proteins
 Facilitated Diffusion to Equilibrium
Figure 5- 21: Diffusion stops at equilibrium (panoramic lower left 66%)
14

15. cell uses energy
actively moves molecules to where
they are needed
Movement from an area of low
concentration to an area of high
concentration
(Low  High)
15

16. Carrier proteins used in active transport
include:
 -uniporters – move one molecule at a
time
 -symporters – move two molecules
in the same direction
 -antiporters – move two molecules
in opposite directions
16

17. Charge on the membrane influence
the permeation of drug.
Unionized molecule>anions>cations
When cations atached to negatively
charged intracelular membrane then
create electrical gradient.
17

18. Drug penetrate the membrane by
forming reversible neutral complex
with endogenous ions of GIT like
mucin.
Example; sulfonic acid
18

19. Transport large particles or fluid
droplets through membrane in vesicles
uses ATP
Exocytosis –transport out of cell
Endocytosis –transport into cell
phagocytosis – engulfing large
particles
pinocytosis – taking in fluid
droplets
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20. PHAGOCYTOSIS
20

21. Milo Glibaldi Biopharmaceutics and
Clinical
 Pharmaceutics, Reprint 2006 , 4thEdn
published by Pharma book syndicate
Hydrabad, page number 24-32
Robert E.Notari Biopharmaceutics and
clinical Pharmaceutics, Second Indian
reprint 2008, CBS Publisher and
distributors New Delhi, Page no. 22-44
Leon Shargel /Andrew B.C. YU.
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutics,
4th Edn 1999, Published by McGraw-Hill
companies New York, page no. 99-108
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