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1
Best Practices
Frameworks Templates
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a
Business Case
and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a
Due Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the
Post Merger
Integration
I. Define your
M&A Strategy
Mergers and Acquisitions Toolkit
Overview and Approach
There are 3 main corporate growth strategies
2
Organic Growth
Strategy
Mergers and
acquisitions Strategy
Strategic Alliances
Strategy
1 2 3
Organic Growth Strategy
Organic Growth
Strategy
Description Advantages Disadvantages
Often perceived as the
default growth option
for companies, an
organic growth
strategy relies on
developing a
company’s internal
resources and
capabilities
• Provides deeper first-hand
knowledge that is likely to
be internalized in the
company
• Helps spread investment
over time and reduce
upfront commitment
• There are no availability
constraints, that is to say
that the company is not
dependent on the
availability of suitable
acquisition targets or
potential alliance partners
• Strategic independence
• Creation of new activities
within the existing culture
environment
• Can be slow, expensive,
and risky
• Difficult to use existing
capabilities as the platform
for major leaps in terms of
innovation, diversification,
or internationalization
3
Mergers and acquisitions Strategy
Merger and
acquisition
Strategy
Description Advantages Disadvantages
Mergers and
acquisitions (M&A)
bring together
companies through
complete changes in
ownership. It has been
used by companies for
centuries and remains
a major way for
companies to expand
rapidly
• Business extension: M&A
can be used to extend the
reach of a firm in terms of
geography, products, or
markets
• Building capabilities: M&A
may increase a company’s
capabilities
• Increase market power by
reducing competition and
increasing bargaining power
with suppliers
• Increase efficiency: by
sharing resources and
capabilities
• Speed: M&A allows acquirers
to act fast
• Financial efficiency: by
combining the 2 balance
sheets
• Tax efficiency
• Important investment
upfront
• Potential culture clash
between the 2 companies
• High failure rate
• Sometimes excessive initial
valuations, exaggerated
expectations of strategic fit,
and underestimated
problems of organizational
fit
4
Strategic Alliances Strategy
Strategic
Alliances
Strategy
Description Advantages Disadvantages
Two companies share
resources and activities to
pursue a common
strategy.
In terms of ownership,
there are two main kinds
of strategic alliance:
equity and nonequity
alliances. Equity alliances
involve the creation of a
new entity that is owned
separately by the partners
involved (e.g. Joint
Venture). Nonequity
alliances do not involve
the commitment implied
by ownership and are
often based on contracts
(Franchising, Licensing)
• Require less commitment
than other forms of
expansion
• Scale Alliances can
provide economies of scale
• Access alliances involve a
company allying in order to
access the capabilities of
another company that are
required to produce or sell
its own products and
services
• Complementary alliances
involve companies
combining their
complementary capabilities
• High failure rate (~50%)
• Sometimes suffer from
miscalculations in terms of
strategic and organizational
fit,
• The lack of control on
either side can lead to
particular issues of trust
and coevolution
5
This Toolkit will focus on Mergers and acquisitions
6
Organic Growth
Strategy
Mergers and
acquisitions Strategy
Strategic Alliances
Strategy
1 2 3
Main problem of the M&A Strategy
More than half of Mergers & Acquisitions fail to reach their value creation objectives.
7
55%
45%
Mergers & Acquisitions’ ability to reach
value creation objectives*
Failure rate Success rate
*Consolidation of multiple surveys from New York Times, Harvard Business Review and Australia Financial Review
Our solution
To increase your M&A success rate, our ex-Deloitte & McKinsey Management Consultants and JP Morgan
Investment Bankers created a Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit including 7 components.
8
Tools
Templates
Step-by-step
tutorials
Real-life
examples
Best
practices
Support from tier-1
management consultants
Frameworks
Toolkit
Objectives
The Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit includes frameworks, tools, templates, tutorials, real-life examples and
best practices to help you:
9
• Increase your Mergers and Acquisitions success rate with our 6-phase M&A Approach: (I) Define your M&A Strategy, (II) Identify
Target Companies, (III) Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling, (IV) Conduct a Due Diligence, (V) Execute Transaction, (VI)
Conduct the Post Merger Integration
• Define your M&A Strategy: (1) Company mission, vision and values, (2) M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators, (3)
M&A team, (4) M&A guiding principles, (5) Target screening criteria
• Identify Target Companies: (1) Potential target companies and data collection, (2) High-level assessment of potential target companies,
(3) Shortlisted potential targets, (4) Financial statements analysis, (5) Business valuation, (6) Targets approved for the business case
phase
• Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling: (1) Strategic benefit, (2) Feasibility, (3) Financial benefit, (4) Financial modeling to
estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return, (5) Letter on intent or term
sheet
• Conduct a Due Diligence (CDD) to identify the likely future performance of a company: (1) Work plan including key business case
hypotheses & assumptions, (2) Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions, (3) Updated business valuation, (4)
Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company
• Execute Transaction: (1) Deal structure, (2) M&A negotiations, (3) Signing and closing the M&A deal
• Conduct a successful Post Merger Integration to ensure the company reach its cost and revenue synergy targets : (1) Post
merger integration strategy & high-level plan, (2) Post merger integration detailed plans, (3) Implementation and monitoring
Approach
The Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit includes a 6-Phase Approach that we built and refined over the past 20 years, by constant trial and
error. The good news is that you don’t have to waste your time, energy and money going through that lengthy trial-and-error process. You
can simply leverage our work and customize it based on the specificities of your organization.
10
Pre - Announcement Post - Announcement
Announcement
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the Post
Merger Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
Approach
The Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit includes a 6-Phase Approach that we built and refined over the past 20 years, by constant trial and
error. The good news is that you don’t have to waste your time, energy and money going through that lengthy trial-and-error process. You
can simply leverage our work and customize it based on the specificities of your organization.
11
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the Post
Merger Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
1. Company mission,
vision and values
2. M&A strategic
objectives and key
performance
indicators
3. M&A team
4. M&A guiding
principles
5. Target screening
criteria
1. Post merger
integration strategy &
high-level plan
2. Post merger
integration detailed
plans
3. Implementation and
monitoring
1. Potential target
companies and data
collection
2. High-level
assessment of
potential target
companies
3. Shortlisted potential
targets
4. Financial statements
analysis
5. Business valuation
6. Targets approved for
the business case
phase
1. Work plan including
key business case
hypotheses &
assumptions
2. Due diligence to
validate key
hypotheses and
assumptions
3. Updated business
valuation
4. Recommendation to
make (or not) a
formal offer to
acquire the target
company
1. Deal structure
2. M&A negotiations
3. Signing and closing
the M&A deal
1. Strategic benefit
2. Feasibility
3. Financial benefit
4. Financial modeling to
estimate transaction
cost, revenue
synergy, cost
synergy, net present
value, ROI, and
internal rate of return
5. Letter on intent or
term sheet
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase I of our M&A
Approach
12
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the Post
Merger Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
1. Company mission,
vision and values
2. M&A strategic
objectives and key
performance
indicators
3. M&A team
4. M&A guiding
principles
5. Target screening
criteria
1. Post merger
integration strategy &
high-level plan
2. Post merger
integration detailed
plans
3. Implementation and
monitoring
1. Potential target
companies and data
collection
2. High-level
assessment of
potential target
companies
3. Shortlisted potential
targets
4. Financial statements
analysis
5. Business valuation
6. Targets approved for
the business case
phase
1. Work plan including
key business case
hypotheses &
assumptions
2. Due diligence to
validate key
hypotheses and
assumptions
3. Updated business
valuation
4. Recommendation to
make (or not) a
formal offer to
acquire the target
company
1. Deal structure
2. M&A negotiations
3. Signing and closing
the M&A deal
1. Strategic benefit
2. Feasibility
3. Financial benefit
4. Financial modeling to
estimate transaction
cost, revenue
synergy, cost
synergy, net present
value, ROI, and
internal rate of return
5. Letter on intent or
term sheet
We identified 5 [insert your own number] M&A guiding principles
13
1 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Ensure that decision-making and approval procedures are simple,
robust and transparent)
2 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Ensure strategic alignment between the company vision and
mission and the M&A strategic objectives)
3 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Establish joint ownership of a shared vision, strategy and journey
between our company and the acquired company)
4 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Pay attention to retaining key talents)
5 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Focus on transactions with an internal rate of return (IRR) that
delivers an acceptable margin above cost of capital)
Insert title of your
guiding principle (e.g.
Simple decision-making
process
Insert title of your
guiding principle (e.g.
Strategic alignment)
Insert title of your
guiding principle (e.g.
Shared vision)
Insert title of your
guiding principle (e.g.
Key talent)
Insert title of your
guiding principle (e.g.
Internal rate of return)
We identified 5 [insert your own number] screening criteria to help us
select the right companies to potentially acquire
14
Strategic alignment
Revenue
Market
Positioning
Risk
The acquisition of the target company
needs to help us reach at least one of
our M&A strategic objectives
The target company needs to sell its
products mainly in the Asian market
Acceptable impact on the Group’s
financial and non-financial risk
profile
The target company needs to
have a revenue above $10M
The target company needs to have
a premium positioning and good
reputation
This is an example. Replace this text
using your own criteria.
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase II of our M&A
Approach
15
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the Post
Merger Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
1. Company mission,
vision and values
2. M&A strategic
objectives and key
performance
indicators
3. M&A team
4. M&A guiding
principles
5. Target screening
criteria
1. Post merger
integration strategy &
high-level plan
2. Post merger
integration detailed
plans
3. Implementation and
monitoring
1. Potential target
companies and data
collection
2. High-level
assessment of
potential target
companies
3. Shortlisted potential
targets
4. Financial statements
analysis
5. Business valuation
6. Targets approved for
the business case
phase
1. Work plan including
key business case
hypotheses &
assumptions
2. Due diligence to
validate key
hypotheses and
assumptions
3. Updated business
valuation
4. Recommendation to
make (or not) a
formal offer to
acquire the target
company
1. Deal structure
2. M&A negotiations
3. Signing and closing
the M&A deal
1. Strategic benefit
2. Feasibility
3. Financial benefit
4. Financial modeling to
estimate transaction
cost, revenue
synergy, cost
synergy, net present
value, ROI, and
internal rate of return
5. Letter on intent or
term sheet
Based on our M&A strategy, we identified 20 [insert your own number]
potential target companies, including the 10 listed below
16
CEO Main activity Revenue Profit Market share
Number of
employees
Strategic rationale
Insert company name
Insert your own
text
Insert your own text
Insert your own
text
Insert your
own text
Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text
Insert company name
Insert your own
text
Insert your own text
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text
Insert your
own text
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Insert company name
Insert your own
text
Insert your own text
Insert your own
text
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own text
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Insert company name
Insert your own
text
Insert your own text
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text
Insert your
own text
Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text
Insert company name
Insert your own
text
Insert your own text
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text
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own text
Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text
Insert company name
Insert your own
text
Insert your own text
Insert your own
text
Insert your
own text
Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text
Insert company name
Insert your own
text
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text
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own text
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Insert company name
Insert your own
text
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text
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own text
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Insert company name
Insert your own
text
Insert your own text
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text
Insert your
own text
Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text
Insert company name
Insert your own
text
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text
Insert your
own text
Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text
To access the most comprehensive list of our potential target companies, open the Excel sheet “Target companies”
You can replace the column header
based on what information you want to
emphasize.
Select the top companies you want to
emphasize. If someone wants to see the
most comprehensive list, open the
Excel sheet “Target companies”
Summary of our financial statement analysis
Profitability ratios
17
Return on Capital
Employed (%)
Return on net assets (%)
Return On Funds
Employed (%)
Return on equity
(%)
Return on sales
(%)
Worst peer Best peer
5% 8% 9%
2% 4% 8%
X%
X% X%
X%
X% X%
X%
X% X%
Company X
Company Y
Company Z
For more details on how to conduct a financial
statement analysis, open the folder “financial statement
analysis”
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase III of our M&A
Approach
18
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the Post
Merger Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
1. Company mission,
vision and values
2. M&A strategic
objectives and key
performance
indicators
3. M&A team
4. M&A guiding
principles
5. Target screening
criteria
1. Post merger
integration strategy &
high-level plan
2. Post merger
integration detailed
plans
3. Implementation and
monitoring
1. Potential target
companies and data
collection
2. High-level
assessment of
potential target
companies
3. Shortlisted potential
targets
4. Financial statements
analysis
5. Business valuation
6. Targets approved for
the business case
phase
1. Work plan including
key business case
hypotheses &
assumptions
2. Due diligence to
validate key
hypotheses and
assumptions
3. Updated business
valuation
4. Recommendation to
make (or not) a
formal offer to
acquire the target
company
1. Deal structure
2. M&A negotiations
3. Signing and closing
the M&A deal
1. Strategic benefit
2. Feasibility
3. Financial benefit
4. Financial modeling to
estimate transaction
cost, revenue
synergy, cost
synergy, net present
value, ROI, and
internal rate of return
5. Letter on intent or
term sheet
Document Purpose
19
The purpose of this document is to provide enough information to answer the question “should we acquire the
company [insert company name]”. To answer this question, we will use an M&A framework that includes 3
components:
Financial Benefit
Strategic
Benefit
Feasibility
There are many M&A frameworks that
you could use. Based on our experience,
this one if the most practical one.
Each component has an underlying question that we will have to answer to
identify if it is a good strategic initiative to acquire company Y
What would be the financial benefit of the deal?
What would be the feasibility of the deal?
What would be the strategic
benefit of the deal?
Financial Benefit
Strategic
Benefit
Feasibility
20
If the answer is “high” or “very high” to the 3 questions, then it means that
acquiring company Y is a good strategic initiative
Sweet spot
Financial Benefit
Strategic
Benefit
Feasibility
What would be the financial benefit of the deal?
What would be the feasibility of the deal?
What would be the strategic
benefit of the deal?
21
Let’s start by assessing the strategic benefit of the deal
What would be the financial benefit of the deal?
What would be the feasibility of the deal?
What would be the strategic
benefit of the deal?
22
Financial Benefit
Strategic
Benefit
Feasibility
Strategic Benefit
What would be the strategic benefit of the deal?
Vision & Strategic
objectives
M&A Strategy
versus organic
growth strategy
M&A Strategy
versus strategic
alliance
Insert in this box in which way this deal will help us deliver on our long-term vision and strategic objectives
Insert in this box in which way acquiring company Y is a better option than an organic growth strategy.
Insert in this box in which way acquiring company Y is a better option than a strategic alliance with company Y.
Very Low Low Medium High Very High
Caption:
Very High
Replace this rating by your own
rating based on the sections below
See below a screenshot of our financial model.
24
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase IV of our M&A
Approach
25
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the Post
Merger Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
1. Company mission,
vision and values
2. M&A strategic
objectives and key
performance
indicators
3. M&A team
4. M&A guiding
principles
5. Target screening
criteria
1. Post merger
integration strategy &
high-level plan
2. Post merger
integration detailed
plans
3. Implementation and
monitoring
1. Potential target
companies and data
collection
2. High-level
assessment of
potential target
companies
3. Shortlisted potential
targets
4. Financial statements
analysis
5. Business valuation
6. Targets approved for
the business case
phase
1. Work plan including
key business case
hypotheses &
assumptions
2. Due diligence to
validate key
hypotheses and
assumptions
3. Updated business
valuation
4. Recommendation to
make (or not) a
formal offer to
acquire the target
company
1. Deal structure
2. M&A negotiations
3. Signing and closing
the M&A deal
1. Strategic benefit
2. Feasibility
3. Financial benefit
4. Financial modeling to
estimate transaction
cost, revenue
synergy, cost
synergy, net present
value, ROI, and
internal rate of return
5. Letter on intent or
term sheet
Example of hypothesis
26
The Target Company profit
forecasts provided by the
Board are reasonable
Example of assumptions that must be true to validate our hypothesis
27
The Target Company profit
forecast provided by the Board
is reasonable
The projected Revenue is reasonable
The projected COGS is reasonable
The projected Operating Cost is reasonable
Example of sub-assumptions that must be true to validate our
assumptions
28
The Target Company profit
forecast provided by the Board
is reasonable
The projected Revenue is reasonable
The projected COGS is reasonable
The projected Operating Cost is reasonable
There is no illogical trend between historic
revenues and projected revenues
The company core capabilities will support
the future revenue growth
The revenue drivers have been identified
correctly and projected in a reasonable way
Once you’ve got your “Hypothesis tree” with your Hypothesis,
Assumptions, Sub-Assumptions,…it is time to create your work plan
29
Work Plan to validate or invalidate your first hypothesis
For more details, open
the Excel sheet “Work
Plan”
Hypothesis #1: The Target Company profit forecast provided by the Board is reasonable
Assumptions & Sub-assumptions
Expected
answer
Actual
Answer
Analyses Data Sources End Product Responsibility Deadline
1. The projected Revenue is reasonable TRUE TRUE See sub-assumptions below See sub-assumptions below See sub-assumptions below Raphael October 5
1a. There is no illogical trend between historic revenues and
projected revenues
TRUE TRUE
Compare Historic and forcasted
revenue CAGR
Financial Due Diligence Vertical Histogramme chart Raphael October 5
1b. The company core capabilities will support the future
revenue growth
TRUE TRUE
Compare Historic and forcasted
revenue CAGR
Financial Due Diligence Vertical Histogramme chart Raphael October 5
1c. The revenue drivers have been identified correctly and
projected in a reasonable way
TRUE TRUE
Compare Historic and forcasted
revenue CAGR
Financial Due Diligence Vertical Histogramme chart Raphael October 5
2. The projected COGS is reasonable TRUE FALSE
Check list of key revenue drivers
identified by the management
Industry report Driver tree John October 10
3. The projected Operating Cost is reasonable
Work Plan
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase V of our M&A
Approach
30
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the Post
Merger Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
1. Company mission,
vision and values
2. M&A strategic
objectives and key
performance
indicators
3. M&A team
4. M&A guiding
principles
5. Target screening
criteria
1. Post merger
integration strategy &
high-level plan
2. Post merger
integration detailed
plans
3. Implementation and
monitoring
1. Potential target
companies and data
collection
2. High-level
assessment of
potential target
companies
3. Shortlisted potential
targets
4. Financial statements
analysis
5. Business valuation
6. Targets approved for
the business case
phase
1. Work plan including
key business case
hypotheses &
assumptions
2. Due diligence to
validate key
hypotheses and
assumptions
3. Updated business
valuation
4. Recommendation to
make (or not) a
formal offer to
acquire the target
company
1. Deal structure
2. M&A negotiations
3. Signing and closing
the M&A deal
1. Strategic benefit
2. Feasibility
3. Financial benefit
4. Financial modeling to
estimate transaction
cost, revenue
synergy, cost
synergy, net present
value, ROI, and
internal rate of return
5. Letter on intent or
term sheet
Structuring the deal
Overview*
There are many ways in which a corporate merger or acquisition may be structured. The goal is not to create the most complex structure, but rather to create a structure that
fairly reflects the objectives of the buyer and the seller.
At the fundamental level, all structures are either mergers or acquisitions, including the purchase or consolidation of either stocks or assets.
At the heart of each transaction are the following key issues that will affect the structure of the deal:
• How will tangible and intangible assets be transferred from the seller to the purchaser?
• At what price will they be transferred, and according to what terms?
• What issues discovered during due diligence may affect the price, terms, or structure of the deal?
• What liabilities will be assumed by the purchaser?
• What are the tax implications for the buyer and the seller?
• What role will the seller have in the management and growth of the underlying business after closing?
• To what extent will third-party consents or government filings or approvals be necessary?
• What arrangement will be made for the key management team of the seller, who may not necessarily be among the selling owners of the company?
• Does the buyer currently have access to all of the consideration to be paid to the seller, or will some of these funds need to be raised from debt or equity markets?
And at the heart of each structural alternative are the following 4 basic questions:
1. Will the buyer be acquiring the stock or the assets of the target?
2. In what form will the consideration from the buyer to the seller be made (e.g. cash, notes, securities, or some other form)?
3. Will the purchase price be fixed, contingent, or payable over time on an installment basis?
4. What are the tax consequences of the proposed structure for the acquisition?
31
* Source: Book “Mergers & Acquisitions from A to Z” by Andrew J. Sherman, which we highly recommend
Structuring the deal
Stock versus asset purchases
32
Stock purchase advantages and disadvantages
Buyer’s perspective
Main Disadvantages
Main Advantages
• Preserves the right of the buyer to use the
seller’s name, licenses, and permits.
• Provides continuity of the corporate identity,
contracts, and structure.
• There is less flexibility to cherry-pick key
assets of the seller
• This structure usually does not terminate
existing labor union collective bargaining
agreement(s) and generally results in the
continuation of employee benefits plans.
• The seller is taxed only on the sales of stock.
• Any gain or loss is usually capital in nature.
• It does not leave the seller with the problem of
disposing of assets that were not bought by
the purchase.
• The seller cannot pick and choose the assets
to be retained.
• A loss on the sale of stock may not be
recognized by a corporate shareholder who
included the company in its consolidated
income tax return.
Seller’s perspective
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase VI of our M&A
Approach
33
II. Identify Target
Companies
III. Build a Business
Case and Financial
Modeling
IV. Conduct a Due
Diligence
V. Execute
Transaction
VI. Conduct the
Post Merger
Integration
I. Define your M&A
Strategy
1. Company mission,
vision and values
2. M&A strategic
objectives and key
performance
indicators
3. M&A team
4. M&A guiding
principles
5. Target screening
criteria
1. Post merger
integration strategy &
high-level plan
2. Post merger
integration detailed
plans
3. Implementation and
monitoring
1. Potential target
companies and data
collection
2. High-level
assessment of
potential target
companies
3. Shortlisted potential
targets
4. Financial statements
analysis
5. Business valuation
6. Targets approved for
the business case
phase
1. Work plan including
key business case
hypotheses &
assumptions
2. Due diligence to
validate key
hypotheses and
assumptions
3. Updated business
valuation
4. Recommendation to
make (or not) a
formal offer to
acquire the target
company
1. Deal structure
2. M&A negotiations
3. Signing and closing
the M&A deal
1. Strategic benefit
2. Feasibility
3. Financial benefit
4. Financial modeling to
estimate transaction
cost, revenue
synergy, cost
synergy, net present
value, ROI, and
internal rate of return
5. Letter on intent or
term sheet
Post Merger Integration 3-Phase Approach
To help you conduct your Post Merger Integration, we created a 3-Phase Approach that we built and refined over the past 20 years,
by constant trial and error. The good news is that you don’t have to waste your time, energy and money going through that lengthy
trial-and-error process. You can simply leverage our work and customize it based on the specificities of your organization.
34
Phase I: Define & Communicate the
Strategy & High-Level Plan
Phase II: Develop & Communicate the
Detailed Plans
Phase III: Implement & Monitor
1. Merger strategic objectives
2. Integration management office
3. Guiding principles
4. Post merger integration high-level plan
5. Organizational structure (Top layers)
6. Top management appointment
7. Training to help managers set up their team
8. Integrated synergy baseline
9. Synergy targets
10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives
11.Business cases and financial models
12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization
1. Post merger integration high-level plan status
2. Day 1 readiness checklist status
3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status
4. Change management strategy and plan status
5. Communication strategy and plan status
6. Culture integration strategy and plan status
7. Risk management strategy and plan status
8. Staffing & retention plan status
9. Integration lessons learned
10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit
1. Day 1 readiness checklist
2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan
3. Change management strategy and plan
4. Communication strategy and plan
5. Culture integration strategy and plan
6. Risk management strategy and plan
7. Staffing & retention plan
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase I of
our Post Merger Integration Approach
35
Phase I: Define & Communicate the
Strategy & High-Level Plan
Phase II: Develop & Communicate the
Detailed Plans
Phase III: Implement & Monitor
1. Merger strategic objectives
2. Integration management office
3. Guiding principles
4. Post merger integration high-level plan
5. Organizational structure (Top layers)
6. Top management appointment
7. Training to help managers set up their team
8. Integrated synergy baseline
9. Synergy targets
10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives
11.Business cases and financial models
12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization
1. Post merger integration high-level plan status
2. Day 1 readiness checklist status
3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status
4. Change management strategy and plan status
5. Communication strategy and plan status
6. Culture integration strategy and plan status
7. Risk management strategy and plan status
8. Staffing & retention plan status
9. Integration lessons learned
10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit
1. Day 1 readiness checklist
2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan
3. Change management strategy and plan
4. Communication strategy and plan
5. Culture integration strategy and plan
6. Risk management strategy and plan
7. Staffing & retention plan
Our merger strategic objectives are:
36
1 Replace this text by your own text
2 Replace this text by your own text
3 Replace this text by your own text
4 Replace this text by your own text
5 Replace this text by your own text
6 Replace this text by your own text
Don’t reinvent the wheel here. Most
of the strategic objectives should
have already been written prior to the
deal.
The most common merger strategic objectives are:
37
1 Gaining economies of scale
2 Entering a new country
3 Entering a new market
4 Increasing the company product or service portfolio
5 Increasing market share by acquiring one of your competitors (horizontal integration)
6 Becoming a key player in an industry by acquiring one of your suppliers or clients (vertical
integration)
Example we used during a PMI
consulting project we did for a Global
Fortune 1000 firm.
We decided to create an Integration Management Office that will be
responsible for the success of the integration
38
The Integration Management Office will oversee the post Merger Integration and be responsible for the success of the
integration. It includes 7 [replace this number by your own number] executives representing both [insert name of the
acquiring company] and [insert name of the acquired company]:
Integration Management
Officer
[Insert name]
Integration and
Synergy Initiatives
[Insert name]
Change
Management
[Insert name]
Culture
[Insert name]
Risk Management
[Insert name]
Communication
[Insert name]
Training
[Insert name]
This is only an example. You may
decide to emphasize different areas
and adjust the size of the integration
Management Office
We identified 8 [insert your own number] post merger integration guiding
principles
39
1 Insert your own guiding principle
2 Insert your own guiding principle
3 Insert your own guiding principle
4 Insert your own guiding principle
7 Insert your own guiding principle
5 Insert your own guiding principle
8 Insert your own guiding principle
6 Insert your own guiding principle
Top 8 post merger integration guiding principles commonly used
40
1 Be clear on the strategic objectives of the deal
2 Ground the integration in the objectives of the deal
3 Be clear on your synergy baseline and synergy targets
4 Create a robust integration plan to reach the strategic objectives of the deal and the synergy
targets
7 Ensure cultural fit
5 Search for synergies in every function of the newly created organization
8 Maintain business momentum
6 Communicate on a regular basis to all stakeholders
Example we used during a PMI
consulting project we did for a Global
Fortune 1000 firm.
See below 4 screenshots from the Phase 1.
41
High-Level Plan - Phase 1
Prioritization Matrix
Lean Business Case
Synergy Target Breakdown
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase II of
our Post Merger Integration Approach
42
Phase I: Define & Communicate the
Strategy & High-Level Plan
Phase II: Develop & Communicate the
Detailed Plans
Phase III: Implement & Monitor
1. Merger strategic objectives
2. Integration management office
3. Guiding principles
4. Post merger integration high-level plan
5. Organizational structure (Top layers)
6. Top management appointment
7. Training to help managers set up their team
8. Integrated synergy baseline
9. Synergy targets
10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives
11.Business cases and financial models
12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization
1. Post merger integration high-level plan status
2. Day 1 readiness checklist status
3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status
4. Change management strategy and plan status
5. Communication strategy and plan status
6. Culture integration strategy and plan status
7. Risk management strategy and plan status
8. Staffing & retention plan status
9. Integration lessons learned
10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit
1. Day 1 readiness checklist
2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan
3. Change management strategy and plan
4. Communication strategy and plan
5. Culture integration strategy and plan
6. Risk management strategy and plan
7. Staffing & retention plan
Day 1 Readiness Checklist
43
Owner Due date Status -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
Prepare internal communications AD March 12 Done
Prepare external communications Aurelien F. Jan 20 Done
Define pricing policy Christian G. Feb 28 Done
Integrate General ledger George P. March 31 Done
Prepare welcome drink for new employees George P. March 31 On Track
Adjust sales pitch Christian G. March 31 Late
Align marketing messages George P. March 31 On Track
Define the synergy targets George P. March 31 Late
Integrate brands On Track
Integrate products & services On Track
Integrate reporting On Track
Define employee retention strategy Late
Rationalize employee compensations Late
Insert name of activity Late
Weeks
The Day-1 Readiness Checklist often includes many activities that will
better fit in an Excel document
44
Open the Excel document “1b. Day-1
Readiness Checklist” for more details
See below 4 additional screenshots from the Phase 2.
45
Change Impact Assessment Matrix
Stakeholder Analysis Matrix
Communication Strategy & Plan
Culture Integration Strategy
In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase III of
our Post Merger Integration Approach
46
Phase I: Define & Communicate the
Strategy & High-Level Plan
Phase II: Develop & Communicate the
Detailed Plans
Phase III: Implement & Monitor
1. Merger strategic objectives
2. Integration management office
3. Guiding principles
4. Post merger integration high-level plan
5. Organizational structure (Top layers)
6. Top management appointment
7. Training to help managers set up their team
8. Integrated synergy baseline
9. Synergy targets
10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives
11.Business cases and financial models
12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization
1. Post merger integration high-level plan status
2. Day 1 readiness checklist status
3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status
4. Change management strategy and plan status
5. Communication strategy and plan status
6. Culture integration strategy and plan status
7. Risk management strategy and plan status
8. Staffing & retention plan status
9. Integration lessons learned
10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit
1. Day 1 readiness checklist
2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan
3. Change management strategy and plan
4. Communication strategy and plan
5. Culture integration strategy and plan
6. Risk management strategy and plan
7. Staffing & retention plan
To ensure a proper execution of the integration & synergy initiatives, it is
very important to appoint high-caliber initiative owner or project manager
47
Project Manager
Quality
Cost
Time
Meeting the
expectations
Managing a budget
and resource
limitations
Completing the
project in a
specific time of
frame

The main challenge of the different initiative owners or project managers will be to meet the objectives while
balancing the triple constraints of quality, cost and time
See below 4 additional screenshots from the Phase 3.
48
Governance
Risk Management Framework
Initiative Status Report
Communication Plan
Structure of the Toolkit
The M&A Toolkit includes 500 Powerpoint slides, 70 Excel sheets, and 7 Word pages categorized in 7
folders that you can download on your device immediately after your purchase.
49
500 editable Powerpoint slides* 70 editable Excel sheets*
+
*Please note that the number of Powerpoint slides and Excel sheets listed is the number of unique slides and sheets. For example, a Powerpoint slide
that has been duplicated to facilitate the understanding of our clients only count for 1 Powerpoint slide.
1
0. Overview and
Approach
2
I. M&A Strategy
3
II. Target companies
4
III. Business Case
and Financial Model
5
IV. Due
Diligence
7
VI. Post Merger
Integration
6
V. Transaction
Execution
7 Word pages
+
Interested in more than 1 Toolkit? You can access to all our Toolkits for half the
price with the Gold Business & Consulting Package
www.slidebooks.com
Gold Business & Consulting Package
Learn More
50
Key Benefits of our Business & Consulting Toolkits
51
Improve the growth & efficiency of
your organization by leveraging
Business & Consulting Toolkits
created by ex-McKinsey, Deloitte &
BCG Consultants.
It cost us $1.7M to create all our
Business & Consulting Toolkits. Get
them for a fraction of this cost.
It’s like hiring Management
Consultants to create all the
practical Frameworks, Tools &
Templates required to get a
competitive advantage.
Get the job done quicker and never
start from scratch again with our
ready-made & fully editable
Frameworks, Tools & Templates in
Powerpoint & Excel.
We have worked 20,000+ hours
over the past 5 years to create the
world’s best Business & Consulting
Toolkits. Don’t reinvent the wheel.
Download now.
Improve your skills & capabilities
and meet your professional goals by
learning how the Fortune 100 and
Global Consulting Firms do it.
Get free support and advice from
our ex-McKinsey, Deloitte & BCG
Management Consultants.
Hiring top-tier Consultants for a
management consulting project
would cost you $300k+. A lot more
expensive than purchasing our
Toolkits.
Impress your stakeholders and
become your organization’s subject
matter expert with world-class
approaches to resolve common
business problems.
What our clients say about our Toolkits
Review imported from Facebooks, Amazon and Klaviyo
52
See more reviews >
53
Trusted by small and large organizations Customer satisfaction
Number of countries leveraging our Business & Consulting Toolkits
160+
Number of professionals
leveraging our Business &
Consulting Toolkits
200,000+
4.8
Daily rate of our ex-McKinsey,
Deloitte and BCG Management
Consultants
$3k - $4k
Join the 200,000+ Executives, Consultants & Entrepreneurs leveraging our Business &
Consulting Toolkits to improve the performance of their organization and boost their own
career.
This was only a small preview.
www.slidebooks.com
54

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M&A Toolkit Overview

  • 1. 1 Best Practices Frameworks Templates II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy Mergers and Acquisitions Toolkit Overview and Approach
  • 2. There are 3 main corporate growth strategies 2 Organic Growth Strategy Mergers and acquisitions Strategy Strategic Alliances Strategy 1 2 3
  • 3. Organic Growth Strategy Organic Growth Strategy Description Advantages Disadvantages Often perceived as the default growth option for companies, an organic growth strategy relies on developing a company’s internal resources and capabilities • Provides deeper first-hand knowledge that is likely to be internalized in the company • Helps spread investment over time and reduce upfront commitment • There are no availability constraints, that is to say that the company is not dependent on the availability of suitable acquisition targets or potential alliance partners • Strategic independence • Creation of new activities within the existing culture environment • Can be slow, expensive, and risky • Difficult to use existing capabilities as the platform for major leaps in terms of innovation, diversification, or internationalization 3
  • 4. Mergers and acquisitions Strategy Merger and acquisition Strategy Description Advantages Disadvantages Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) bring together companies through complete changes in ownership. It has been used by companies for centuries and remains a major way for companies to expand rapidly • Business extension: M&A can be used to extend the reach of a firm in terms of geography, products, or markets • Building capabilities: M&A may increase a company’s capabilities • Increase market power by reducing competition and increasing bargaining power with suppliers • Increase efficiency: by sharing resources and capabilities • Speed: M&A allows acquirers to act fast • Financial efficiency: by combining the 2 balance sheets • Tax efficiency • Important investment upfront • Potential culture clash between the 2 companies • High failure rate • Sometimes excessive initial valuations, exaggerated expectations of strategic fit, and underestimated problems of organizational fit 4
  • 5. Strategic Alliances Strategy Strategic Alliances Strategy Description Advantages Disadvantages Two companies share resources and activities to pursue a common strategy. In terms of ownership, there are two main kinds of strategic alliance: equity and nonequity alliances. Equity alliances involve the creation of a new entity that is owned separately by the partners involved (e.g. Joint Venture). Nonequity alliances do not involve the commitment implied by ownership and are often based on contracts (Franchising, Licensing) • Require less commitment than other forms of expansion • Scale Alliances can provide economies of scale • Access alliances involve a company allying in order to access the capabilities of another company that are required to produce or sell its own products and services • Complementary alliances involve companies combining their complementary capabilities • High failure rate (~50%) • Sometimes suffer from miscalculations in terms of strategic and organizational fit, • The lack of control on either side can lead to particular issues of trust and coevolution 5
  • 6. This Toolkit will focus on Mergers and acquisitions 6 Organic Growth Strategy Mergers and acquisitions Strategy Strategic Alliances Strategy 1 2 3
  • 7. Main problem of the M&A Strategy More than half of Mergers & Acquisitions fail to reach their value creation objectives. 7 55% 45% Mergers & Acquisitions’ ability to reach value creation objectives* Failure rate Success rate *Consolidation of multiple surveys from New York Times, Harvard Business Review and Australia Financial Review
  • 8. Our solution To increase your M&A success rate, our ex-Deloitte & McKinsey Management Consultants and JP Morgan Investment Bankers created a Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit including 7 components. 8 Tools Templates Step-by-step tutorials Real-life examples Best practices Support from tier-1 management consultants Frameworks Toolkit
  • 9. Objectives The Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit includes frameworks, tools, templates, tutorials, real-life examples and best practices to help you: 9 • Increase your Mergers and Acquisitions success rate with our 6-phase M&A Approach: (I) Define your M&A Strategy, (II) Identify Target Companies, (III) Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling, (IV) Conduct a Due Diligence, (V) Execute Transaction, (VI) Conduct the Post Merger Integration • Define your M&A Strategy: (1) Company mission, vision and values, (2) M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators, (3) M&A team, (4) M&A guiding principles, (5) Target screening criteria • Identify Target Companies: (1) Potential target companies and data collection, (2) High-level assessment of potential target companies, (3) Shortlisted potential targets, (4) Financial statements analysis, (5) Business valuation, (6) Targets approved for the business case phase • Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling: (1) Strategic benefit, (2) Feasibility, (3) Financial benefit, (4) Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return, (5) Letter on intent or term sheet • Conduct a Due Diligence (CDD) to identify the likely future performance of a company: (1) Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions, (2) Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions, (3) Updated business valuation, (4) Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company • Execute Transaction: (1) Deal structure, (2) M&A negotiations, (3) Signing and closing the M&A deal • Conduct a successful Post Merger Integration to ensure the company reach its cost and revenue synergy targets : (1) Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan, (2) Post merger integration detailed plans, (3) Implementation and monitoring
  • 10. Approach The Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit includes a 6-Phase Approach that we built and refined over the past 20 years, by constant trial and error. The good news is that you don’t have to waste your time, energy and money going through that lengthy trial-and-error process. You can simply leverage our work and customize it based on the specificities of your organization. 10 Pre - Announcement Post - Announcement Announcement II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy
  • 11. Approach The Mergers & Acquisitions Toolkit includes a 6-Phase Approach that we built and refined over the past 20 years, by constant trial and error. The good news is that you don’t have to waste your time, energy and money going through that lengthy trial-and-error process. You can simply leverage our work and customize it based on the specificities of your organization. 11 II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy 1. Company mission, vision and values 2. M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators 3. M&A team 4. M&A guiding principles 5. Target screening criteria 1. Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan 2. Post merger integration detailed plans 3. Implementation and monitoring 1. Potential target companies and data collection 2. High-level assessment of potential target companies 3. Shortlisted potential targets 4. Financial statements analysis 5. Business valuation 6. Targets approved for the business case phase 1. Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions 2. Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions 3. Updated business valuation 4. Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company 1. Deal structure 2. M&A negotiations 3. Signing and closing the M&A deal 1. Strategic benefit 2. Feasibility 3. Financial benefit 4. Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return 5. Letter on intent or term sheet
  • 12. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase I of our M&A Approach 12 II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy 1. Company mission, vision and values 2. M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators 3. M&A team 4. M&A guiding principles 5. Target screening criteria 1. Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan 2. Post merger integration detailed plans 3. Implementation and monitoring 1. Potential target companies and data collection 2. High-level assessment of potential target companies 3. Shortlisted potential targets 4. Financial statements analysis 5. Business valuation 6. Targets approved for the business case phase 1. Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions 2. Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions 3. Updated business valuation 4. Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company 1. Deal structure 2. M&A negotiations 3. Signing and closing the M&A deal 1. Strategic benefit 2. Feasibility 3. Financial benefit 4. Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return 5. Letter on intent or term sheet
  • 13. We identified 5 [insert your own number] M&A guiding principles 13 1 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Ensure that decision-making and approval procedures are simple, robust and transparent) 2 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Ensure strategic alignment between the company vision and mission and the M&A strategic objectives) 3 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Establish joint ownership of a shared vision, strategy and journey between our company and the acquired company) 4 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Pay attention to retaining key talents) 5 Insert a quick description of your guiding principle (e.g. Focus on transactions with an internal rate of return (IRR) that delivers an acceptable margin above cost of capital) Insert title of your guiding principle (e.g. Simple decision-making process Insert title of your guiding principle (e.g. Strategic alignment) Insert title of your guiding principle (e.g. Shared vision) Insert title of your guiding principle (e.g. Key talent) Insert title of your guiding principle (e.g. Internal rate of return)
  • 14. We identified 5 [insert your own number] screening criteria to help us select the right companies to potentially acquire 14 Strategic alignment Revenue Market Positioning Risk The acquisition of the target company needs to help us reach at least one of our M&A strategic objectives The target company needs to sell its products mainly in the Asian market Acceptable impact on the Group’s financial and non-financial risk profile The target company needs to have a revenue above $10M The target company needs to have a premium positioning and good reputation This is an example. Replace this text using your own criteria.
  • 15. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase II of our M&A Approach 15 II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy 1. Company mission, vision and values 2. M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators 3. M&A team 4. M&A guiding principles 5. Target screening criteria 1. Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan 2. Post merger integration detailed plans 3. Implementation and monitoring 1. Potential target companies and data collection 2. High-level assessment of potential target companies 3. Shortlisted potential targets 4. Financial statements analysis 5. Business valuation 6. Targets approved for the business case phase 1. Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions 2. Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions 3. Updated business valuation 4. Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company 1. Deal structure 2. M&A negotiations 3. Signing and closing the M&A deal 1. Strategic benefit 2. Feasibility 3. Financial benefit 4. Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return 5. Letter on intent or term sheet
  • 16. Based on our M&A strategy, we identified 20 [insert your own number] potential target companies, including the 10 listed below 16 CEO Main activity Revenue Profit Market share Number of employees Strategic rationale Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert company name Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text Insert your own text To access the most comprehensive list of our potential target companies, open the Excel sheet “Target companies” You can replace the column header based on what information you want to emphasize. Select the top companies you want to emphasize. If someone wants to see the most comprehensive list, open the Excel sheet “Target companies”
  • 17. Summary of our financial statement analysis Profitability ratios 17 Return on Capital Employed (%) Return on net assets (%) Return On Funds Employed (%) Return on equity (%) Return on sales (%) Worst peer Best peer 5% 8% 9% 2% 4% 8% X% X% X% X% X% X% X% X% X% Company X Company Y Company Z For more details on how to conduct a financial statement analysis, open the folder “financial statement analysis”
  • 18. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase III of our M&A Approach 18 II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy 1. Company mission, vision and values 2. M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators 3. M&A team 4. M&A guiding principles 5. Target screening criteria 1. Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan 2. Post merger integration detailed plans 3. Implementation and monitoring 1. Potential target companies and data collection 2. High-level assessment of potential target companies 3. Shortlisted potential targets 4. Financial statements analysis 5. Business valuation 6. Targets approved for the business case phase 1. Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions 2. Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions 3. Updated business valuation 4. Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company 1. Deal structure 2. M&A negotiations 3. Signing and closing the M&A deal 1. Strategic benefit 2. Feasibility 3. Financial benefit 4. Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return 5. Letter on intent or term sheet
  • 19. Document Purpose 19 The purpose of this document is to provide enough information to answer the question “should we acquire the company [insert company name]”. To answer this question, we will use an M&A framework that includes 3 components: Financial Benefit Strategic Benefit Feasibility There are many M&A frameworks that you could use. Based on our experience, this one if the most practical one.
  • 20. Each component has an underlying question that we will have to answer to identify if it is a good strategic initiative to acquire company Y What would be the financial benefit of the deal? What would be the feasibility of the deal? What would be the strategic benefit of the deal? Financial Benefit Strategic Benefit Feasibility 20
  • 21. If the answer is “high” or “very high” to the 3 questions, then it means that acquiring company Y is a good strategic initiative Sweet spot Financial Benefit Strategic Benefit Feasibility What would be the financial benefit of the deal? What would be the feasibility of the deal? What would be the strategic benefit of the deal? 21
  • 22. Let’s start by assessing the strategic benefit of the deal What would be the financial benefit of the deal? What would be the feasibility of the deal? What would be the strategic benefit of the deal? 22 Financial Benefit Strategic Benefit Feasibility
  • 23. Strategic Benefit What would be the strategic benefit of the deal? Vision & Strategic objectives M&A Strategy versus organic growth strategy M&A Strategy versus strategic alliance Insert in this box in which way this deal will help us deliver on our long-term vision and strategic objectives Insert in this box in which way acquiring company Y is a better option than an organic growth strategy. Insert in this box in which way acquiring company Y is a better option than a strategic alliance with company Y. Very Low Low Medium High Very High Caption: Very High Replace this rating by your own rating based on the sections below
  • 24. See below a screenshot of our financial model. 24
  • 25. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase IV of our M&A Approach 25 II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy 1. Company mission, vision and values 2. M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators 3. M&A team 4. M&A guiding principles 5. Target screening criteria 1. Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan 2. Post merger integration detailed plans 3. Implementation and monitoring 1. Potential target companies and data collection 2. High-level assessment of potential target companies 3. Shortlisted potential targets 4. Financial statements analysis 5. Business valuation 6. Targets approved for the business case phase 1. Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions 2. Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions 3. Updated business valuation 4. Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company 1. Deal structure 2. M&A negotiations 3. Signing and closing the M&A deal 1. Strategic benefit 2. Feasibility 3. Financial benefit 4. Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return 5. Letter on intent or term sheet
  • 26. Example of hypothesis 26 The Target Company profit forecasts provided by the Board are reasonable
  • 27. Example of assumptions that must be true to validate our hypothesis 27 The Target Company profit forecast provided by the Board is reasonable The projected Revenue is reasonable The projected COGS is reasonable The projected Operating Cost is reasonable
  • 28. Example of sub-assumptions that must be true to validate our assumptions 28 The Target Company profit forecast provided by the Board is reasonable The projected Revenue is reasonable The projected COGS is reasonable The projected Operating Cost is reasonable There is no illogical trend between historic revenues and projected revenues The company core capabilities will support the future revenue growth The revenue drivers have been identified correctly and projected in a reasonable way
  • 29. Once you’ve got your “Hypothesis tree” with your Hypothesis, Assumptions, Sub-Assumptions,…it is time to create your work plan 29 Work Plan to validate or invalidate your first hypothesis For more details, open the Excel sheet “Work Plan” Hypothesis #1: The Target Company profit forecast provided by the Board is reasonable Assumptions & Sub-assumptions Expected answer Actual Answer Analyses Data Sources End Product Responsibility Deadline 1. The projected Revenue is reasonable TRUE TRUE See sub-assumptions below See sub-assumptions below See sub-assumptions below Raphael October 5 1a. There is no illogical trend between historic revenues and projected revenues TRUE TRUE Compare Historic and forcasted revenue CAGR Financial Due Diligence Vertical Histogramme chart Raphael October 5 1b. The company core capabilities will support the future revenue growth TRUE TRUE Compare Historic and forcasted revenue CAGR Financial Due Diligence Vertical Histogramme chart Raphael October 5 1c. The revenue drivers have been identified correctly and projected in a reasonable way TRUE TRUE Compare Historic and forcasted revenue CAGR Financial Due Diligence Vertical Histogramme chart Raphael October 5 2. The projected COGS is reasonable TRUE FALSE Check list of key revenue drivers identified by the management Industry report Driver tree John October 10 3. The projected Operating Cost is reasonable Work Plan
  • 30. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase V of our M&A Approach 30 II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy 1. Company mission, vision and values 2. M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators 3. M&A team 4. M&A guiding principles 5. Target screening criteria 1. Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan 2. Post merger integration detailed plans 3. Implementation and monitoring 1. Potential target companies and data collection 2. High-level assessment of potential target companies 3. Shortlisted potential targets 4. Financial statements analysis 5. Business valuation 6. Targets approved for the business case phase 1. Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions 2. Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions 3. Updated business valuation 4. Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company 1. Deal structure 2. M&A negotiations 3. Signing and closing the M&A deal 1. Strategic benefit 2. Feasibility 3. Financial benefit 4. Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return 5. Letter on intent or term sheet
  • 31. Structuring the deal Overview* There are many ways in which a corporate merger or acquisition may be structured. The goal is not to create the most complex structure, but rather to create a structure that fairly reflects the objectives of the buyer and the seller. At the fundamental level, all structures are either mergers or acquisitions, including the purchase or consolidation of either stocks or assets. At the heart of each transaction are the following key issues that will affect the structure of the deal: • How will tangible and intangible assets be transferred from the seller to the purchaser? • At what price will they be transferred, and according to what terms? • What issues discovered during due diligence may affect the price, terms, or structure of the deal? • What liabilities will be assumed by the purchaser? • What are the tax implications for the buyer and the seller? • What role will the seller have in the management and growth of the underlying business after closing? • To what extent will third-party consents or government filings or approvals be necessary? • What arrangement will be made for the key management team of the seller, who may not necessarily be among the selling owners of the company? • Does the buyer currently have access to all of the consideration to be paid to the seller, or will some of these funds need to be raised from debt or equity markets? And at the heart of each structural alternative are the following 4 basic questions: 1. Will the buyer be acquiring the stock or the assets of the target? 2. In what form will the consideration from the buyer to the seller be made (e.g. cash, notes, securities, or some other form)? 3. Will the purchase price be fixed, contingent, or payable over time on an installment basis? 4. What are the tax consequences of the proposed structure for the acquisition? 31 * Source: Book “Mergers & Acquisitions from A to Z” by Andrew J. Sherman, which we highly recommend
  • 32. Structuring the deal Stock versus asset purchases 32 Stock purchase advantages and disadvantages Buyer’s perspective Main Disadvantages Main Advantages • Preserves the right of the buyer to use the seller’s name, licenses, and permits. • Provides continuity of the corporate identity, contracts, and structure. • There is less flexibility to cherry-pick key assets of the seller • This structure usually does not terminate existing labor union collective bargaining agreement(s) and generally results in the continuation of employee benefits plans. • The seller is taxed only on the sales of stock. • Any gain or loss is usually capital in nature. • It does not leave the seller with the problem of disposing of assets that were not bought by the purchase. • The seller cannot pick and choose the assets to be retained. • A loss on the sale of stock may not be recognized by a corporate shareholder who included the company in its consolidated income tax return. Seller’s perspective
  • 33. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase VI of our M&A Approach 33 II. Identify Target Companies III. Build a Business Case and Financial Modeling IV. Conduct a Due Diligence V. Execute Transaction VI. Conduct the Post Merger Integration I. Define your M&A Strategy 1. Company mission, vision and values 2. M&A strategic objectives and key performance indicators 3. M&A team 4. M&A guiding principles 5. Target screening criteria 1. Post merger integration strategy & high-level plan 2. Post merger integration detailed plans 3. Implementation and monitoring 1. Potential target companies and data collection 2. High-level assessment of potential target companies 3. Shortlisted potential targets 4. Financial statements analysis 5. Business valuation 6. Targets approved for the business case phase 1. Work plan including key business case hypotheses & assumptions 2. Due diligence to validate key hypotheses and assumptions 3. Updated business valuation 4. Recommendation to make (or not) a formal offer to acquire the target company 1. Deal structure 2. M&A negotiations 3. Signing and closing the M&A deal 1. Strategic benefit 2. Feasibility 3. Financial benefit 4. Financial modeling to estimate transaction cost, revenue synergy, cost synergy, net present value, ROI, and internal rate of return 5. Letter on intent or term sheet
  • 34. Post Merger Integration 3-Phase Approach To help you conduct your Post Merger Integration, we created a 3-Phase Approach that we built and refined over the past 20 years, by constant trial and error. The good news is that you don’t have to waste your time, energy and money going through that lengthy trial-and-error process. You can simply leverage our work and customize it based on the specificities of your organization. 34 Phase I: Define & Communicate the Strategy & High-Level Plan Phase II: Develop & Communicate the Detailed Plans Phase III: Implement & Monitor 1. Merger strategic objectives 2. Integration management office 3. Guiding principles 4. Post merger integration high-level plan 5. Organizational structure (Top layers) 6. Top management appointment 7. Training to help managers set up their team 8. Integrated synergy baseline 9. Synergy targets 10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives 11.Business cases and financial models 12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization 1. Post merger integration high-level plan status 2. Day 1 readiness checklist status 3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status 4. Change management strategy and plan status 5. Communication strategy and plan status 6. Culture integration strategy and plan status 7. Risk management strategy and plan status 8. Staffing & retention plan status 9. Integration lessons learned 10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit 1. Day 1 readiness checklist 2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan 3. Change management strategy and plan 4. Communication strategy and plan 5. Culture integration strategy and plan 6. Risk management strategy and plan 7. Staffing & retention plan
  • 35. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase I of our Post Merger Integration Approach 35 Phase I: Define & Communicate the Strategy & High-Level Plan Phase II: Develop & Communicate the Detailed Plans Phase III: Implement & Monitor 1. Merger strategic objectives 2. Integration management office 3. Guiding principles 4. Post merger integration high-level plan 5. Organizational structure (Top layers) 6. Top management appointment 7. Training to help managers set up their team 8. Integrated synergy baseline 9. Synergy targets 10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives 11.Business cases and financial models 12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization 1. Post merger integration high-level plan status 2. Day 1 readiness checklist status 3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status 4. Change management strategy and plan status 5. Communication strategy and plan status 6. Culture integration strategy and plan status 7. Risk management strategy and plan status 8. Staffing & retention plan status 9. Integration lessons learned 10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit 1. Day 1 readiness checklist 2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan 3. Change management strategy and plan 4. Communication strategy and plan 5. Culture integration strategy and plan 6. Risk management strategy and plan 7. Staffing & retention plan
  • 36. Our merger strategic objectives are: 36 1 Replace this text by your own text 2 Replace this text by your own text 3 Replace this text by your own text 4 Replace this text by your own text 5 Replace this text by your own text 6 Replace this text by your own text Don’t reinvent the wheel here. Most of the strategic objectives should have already been written prior to the deal.
  • 37. The most common merger strategic objectives are: 37 1 Gaining economies of scale 2 Entering a new country 3 Entering a new market 4 Increasing the company product or service portfolio 5 Increasing market share by acquiring one of your competitors (horizontal integration) 6 Becoming a key player in an industry by acquiring one of your suppliers or clients (vertical integration) Example we used during a PMI consulting project we did for a Global Fortune 1000 firm.
  • 38. We decided to create an Integration Management Office that will be responsible for the success of the integration 38 The Integration Management Office will oversee the post Merger Integration and be responsible for the success of the integration. It includes 7 [replace this number by your own number] executives representing both [insert name of the acquiring company] and [insert name of the acquired company]: Integration Management Officer [Insert name] Integration and Synergy Initiatives [Insert name] Change Management [Insert name] Culture [Insert name] Risk Management [Insert name] Communication [Insert name] Training [Insert name] This is only an example. You may decide to emphasize different areas and adjust the size of the integration Management Office
  • 39. We identified 8 [insert your own number] post merger integration guiding principles 39 1 Insert your own guiding principle 2 Insert your own guiding principle 3 Insert your own guiding principle 4 Insert your own guiding principle 7 Insert your own guiding principle 5 Insert your own guiding principle 8 Insert your own guiding principle 6 Insert your own guiding principle
  • 40. Top 8 post merger integration guiding principles commonly used 40 1 Be clear on the strategic objectives of the deal 2 Ground the integration in the objectives of the deal 3 Be clear on your synergy baseline and synergy targets 4 Create a robust integration plan to reach the strategic objectives of the deal and the synergy targets 7 Ensure cultural fit 5 Search for synergies in every function of the newly created organization 8 Maintain business momentum 6 Communicate on a regular basis to all stakeholders Example we used during a PMI consulting project we did for a Global Fortune 1000 firm.
  • 41. See below 4 screenshots from the Phase 1. 41 High-Level Plan - Phase 1 Prioritization Matrix Lean Business Case Synergy Target Breakdown
  • 42. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase II of our Post Merger Integration Approach 42 Phase I: Define & Communicate the Strategy & High-Level Plan Phase II: Develop & Communicate the Detailed Plans Phase III: Implement & Monitor 1. Merger strategic objectives 2. Integration management office 3. Guiding principles 4. Post merger integration high-level plan 5. Organizational structure (Top layers) 6. Top management appointment 7. Training to help managers set up their team 8. Integrated synergy baseline 9. Synergy targets 10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives 11.Business cases and financial models 12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization 1. Post merger integration high-level plan status 2. Day 1 readiness checklist status 3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status 4. Change management strategy and plan status 5. Communication strategy and plan status 6. Culture integration strategy and plan status 7. Risk management strategy and plan status 8. Staffing & retention plan status 9. Integration lessons learned 10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit 1. Day 1 readiness checklist 2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan 3. Change management strategy and plan 4. Communication strategy and plan 5. Culture integration strategy and plan 6. Risk management strategy and plan 7. Staffing & retention plan
  • 43. Day 1 Readiness Checklist 43 Owner Due date Status -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 Prepare internal communications AD March 12 Done Prepare external communications Aurelien F. Jan 20 Done Define pricing policy Christian G. Feb 28 Done Integrate General ledger George P. March 31 Done Prepare welcome drink for new employees George P. March 31 On Track Adjust sales pitch Christian G. March 31 Late Align marketing messages George P. March 31 On Track Define the synergy targets George P. March 31 Late Integrate brands On Track Integrate products & services On Track Integrate reporting On Track Define employee retention strategy Late Rationalize employee compensations Late Insert name of activity Late Weeks
  • 44. The Day-1 Readiness Checklist often includes many activities that will better fit in an Excel document 44 Open the Excel document “1b. Day-1 Readiness Checklist” for more details
  • 45. See below 4 additional screenshots from the Phase 2. 45 Change Impact Assessment Matrix Stakeholder Analysis Matrix Communication Strategy & Plan Culture Integration Strategy
  • 46. In the next slides, you’ll see a small preview of the Phase III of our Post Merger Integration Approach 46 Phase I: Define & Communicate the Strategy & High-Level Plan Phase II: Develop & Communicate the Detailed Plans Phase III: Implement & Monitor 1. Merger strategic objectives 2. Integration management office 3. Guiding principles 4. Post merger integration high-level plan 5. Organizational structure (Top layers) 6. Top management appointment 7. Training to help managers set up their team 8. Integrated synergy baseline 9. Synergy targets 10.Potential integration & synergy initiatives 11.Business cases and financial models 12.Integration & synergy initiatives prioritization 1. Post merger integration high-level plan status 2. Day 1 readiness checklist status 3. Integration & synergy initiatives plan status 4. Change management strategy and plan status 5. Communication strategy and plan status 6. Culture integration strategy and plan status 7. Risk management strategy and plan status 8. Staffing & retention plan status 9. Integration lessons learned 10.Institutionalization of the updated PMI Toolkit 1. Day 1 readiness checklist 2. Integration & synergy initiatives plan 3. Change management strategy and plan 4. Communication strategy and plan 5. Culture integration strategy and plan 6. Risk management strategy and plan 7. Staffing & retention plan
  • 47. To ensure a proper execution of the integration & synergy initiatives, it is very important to appoint high-caliber initiative owner or project manager 47 Project Manager Quality Cost Time Meeting the expectations Managing a budget and resource limitations Completing the project in a specific time of frame  The main challenge of the different initiative owners or project managers will be to meet the objectives while balancing the triple constraints of quality, cost and time
  • 48. See below 4 additional screenshots from the Phase 3. 48 Governance Risk Management Framework Initiative Status Report Communication Plan
  • 49. Structure of the Toolkit The M&A Toolkit includes 500 Powerpoint slides, 70 Excel sheets, and 7 Word pages categorized in 7 folders that you can download on your device immediately after your purchase. 49 500 editable Powerpoint slides* 70 editable Excel sheets* + *Please note that the number of Powerpoint slides and Excel sheets listed is the number of unique slides and sheets. For example, a Powerpoint slide that has been duplicated to facilitate the understanding of our clients only count for 1 Powerpoint slide. 1 0. Overview and Approach 2 I. M&A Strategy 3 II. Target companies 4 III. Business Case and Financial Model 5 IV. Due Diligence 7 VI. Post Merger Integration 6 V. Transaction Execution 7 Word pages +
  • 50. Interested in more than 1 Toolkit? You can access to all our Toolkits for half the price with the Gold Business & Consulting Package www.slidebooks.com Gold Business & Consulting Package Learn More 50
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