7. UPPER POLES ARE TOWARDS MIDLINE
AND LOWER POLES AWAY FROM MIDLINE
UPPER POLES ARE SITUATED 2.5 cm FROM
MIDLINE ,
HILUM 5 cm FROM MIDLINE
LOWER POLES 7.5 cm FROM MIDLINE AND 5
cm FROM ILIAC CREST
RIGHT KIDNEY IS LOWER THAN LEFT
KIDNEY, AND SMALLER WHEREAS LEFT
KIDNEY IS LONGER AND NARROWER
THAN RIGHT.
8. UPPER POLE OF RIGHT KIDNEY IS AT THE
LEVEL OF 10TH INTERCOSTAL SPACE
UPPER POLE OF LEFT KIDNEY IS FOUND
AT THE LEVEL OF 10TH RIB.
15. ANTERIOR SURFACE IS CONVEX AND
POSTERIOR SURFACE IS FLAT.
LATERAL MARGIN IS CONVEX AND
MEDIAL MARGIN IS CONCAVE.
UPPER POLE IS TOWARDS MIDLINE AND
LOWER POLE AWAY FROM MIDLINE.
MEDIAL MARGIN IS FACING ANTERIORLY.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23. KIDNEY HAS CONICAL PYRAMIDS WITH
APEX FACING TOWARDS HILUS AND BASE
TOWARDS CORTEX.
CORTEX BETWEEN TWO PYRAMIDS IS
CALLED RENAL COLUMN OR COLUMN OF
BARTIN.
THROUGH THESE RENAL COLUMNS
RENAL VESSELS TRAVEL.
CORTEX AROUND BASE IS CALLED RENAL
LOBE WHICH IS 8-18 IN NUMBER.
24. EACH RENAL LOBE CORRESPONDS TO
ONE RENAL PAPPILA AND EACH PAPPILA
TO ONE MINOR CALIX.SO THERE ARE
TOTAL 8-18 MINOR CALICES AND 3-5
MAJOR CALICES.
VOLUME OF RENAL PELVIS IS 7-8ml.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29. RENAL ARTERY AT HILUM IS DEVIDED
INTO ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR
SEGMENTAL ARTERY WHICH AGAIN
DEVIDES INTO INTERLOBAR ARTERY
INTERLOBAR ARTERY DEVIDES INTO
ARCUATE ARTERY WHICH DEVIDES INTO
INTERLOBULAR ARTERY .
FROM INTERLOBULAR ARTERY ARISES
AFFARENT AND EFFERENT ARTERIOLES.
30.
31. SOMETIMES THE LEFT RENAL VEIN
BRANCHES INTO TWO ANTERIOR AND
POSTERIOR AND SURROUND THE AORTA
CALLED RENAL COLLAR.
32. KIDNEY IS FOUND IN LOBULATED
DEVELOPMENT.
AFTER 1 YEAR LOBULES DISAPPEAR.
BUT SOMETIMES ONE PERSISTS AS A
HUMP CALLED DROMEDARRY HUMP.
33.
34.
35. STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL, UNIT
OF KIDNEY IS CALLED NEPHRON.
THRE ARE TOTAL 1 MILLION NEPHRONS
IN EACH KIDNEY.