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Basthi Karma
1.
2. BASTHI
GUIDE- DR. MURALIDHARA MD (AYU)
HOD AND PROFESSOR
DEPT. OF PG STUDIES IN KAYACHIKITSA,
SKAMCH&RC, VIJAYANAGAR, BANGALORE.
Amritha Edayilliam Nair
PG Scholar
Department of PG studies in Kayachikitsa
SKAMC & HRC
3. • CONTENTS
• Nirukti
• Classification of basthi
• Basthi dravyas
• Niruha
• Anuvasana
• Probable mode of action
• Different basthi yogas in different conditions.
4. Nirukti
• Vasu nivase- to reside
• Vas- aachaadane- to wrap/cover.
• Bastehe avrunothi mootram-that which covers the mootra
• Vasti nabhir adho bhage sthaane
• In the context of panchakarma its used in different sense
Bastina deeyathe ithi basthi-A.H Su.19/11
6. • Sankhya bhedam(ch.si.1)
• Karma basthi(30)
Total 18 anuvasana -Starting with 2 anuvasana ending with 5 anuvasana + 12 niruha.
• Kalabasthi(15)
Total 9 anuvasana- starting with 1 anuvasana ending with 3 anuvasana+ 6 niruha.
• Yogabasthi(8)
• Total 5 anuvasana-starting with 1 anuvasana and ending with 2 anuvasana+3 niruha.
7. • Matra bhedam
• Dwadhasha prasrutha basthi (su.chi.38)
Prasutha= 2pala(96ml/100ml)
In total 1200ml
• Prasrutha yogika basthi(cha.si.8)
4,5,6,7,8,9,10 prasutha basthi
• Padaheena basthi(su.chi38)
3 prasrutha deduct from total qty- navaprasrutha-900ml.
Eg.madhuthalika basthi.
8. • Anuvasana vasthi classified based on matra
Sneha basthi- 1/4th qty of niruha-6 pala(288ml)
Anuvasana-1/2 of snehabasthi- 3pala(144ml)
Matra basthi-hruseeyasi matra of sneha 1 ½ pala- (72ml)
should get jeerna in 2 yaama-6 hours.
31. Age(increase by 1 pala) Qty Age (increase by 2
pala)
Qty
1 year 1 pala 13 year 14 pala
2 year 2 pala 14 year 16 pala
3 year 3 pala 15 year 18 pala
4 year 4 pala 16 year 20 pala
5 year 5 pala 17 year 22 pala
6 year 6 pala 18 year- 70 year 24 pala
7 year 7 pala >70 year 22 pala
8 year 8 pala
9 year 9 pala
10 year 10 pala
11 year 11 pala
12 year 12 pala
Quantity of basthi based on vaya
32. • Selection of oushada depends on dosha(ch.si.8)
• In vata- snigda,amla,lavana,madhura,ushna dravya,mamsa rasa
• In pitta and rakta- tikta,Kashaya,madhura,seethadravya,ksheera
• In kapha- tikta ushna kashya katu
• Ama- pachana dravya
• Raktapitha- pichabasthi, raktha basthi.
.Atura sidhataa-
• If the patient is having more rookshatha initially 2-3 anuvasana basthi can be
given and if patient is not fit for anuvasana, having more snigdatha, mala
sanchaya then niruha basthi should be directly administered after subjecting
the patient to Abhyanga and swedana.
33. • Preparation of basthi.
• In a paatra first madhu is taken, to that saindhava is added and manthana done.
• After sumathitha, sneha is added gradually.
• Then kalka is added and triturating should be done until dravya becomes slakshna.
• Na drava, na tanu, sama
• At last Kashaya followed by Avapa is added.
• Suyojitha basthi lakshana(chakrapanidatha)
• A well prepared basthi should not run out of hand quickly.
• Neither too thin, should not stick/coat/remain steady on the hand in such a way that
we cannot see lines in our palm through the solution.
• Should be uniform solution(samatha) of its contents
34.
35. • Rationale of mixing sequence of basthi
• Madhu- mangalakaraka.
• Saindhava- disintegrates the pichilatha, bahulatwa and kashayathwa of madhu.
• Sneha- ekeebhaavaya kalpathe (homogeneous).
• Kalka- samsrujyathe cha asu (quickly disperses and mixes).
• Kashaya- for samatham vrajet (mixture becomes homogeneous),
to maintain the quantity
• Mutra – increase the action and potency of basthi.
36. • Pradhana karma
• Instructions to the patient
• Basthi pranidhana
• Basthi pratyagamana
• Observation of yoga,ayoga,athiyoga lakshana.
37. • Basthi pranidhana
• The patient having the symptoms of proper digestion and not having very much
hunger , after performing Abhyanga and swedana taken for basthi karma.
• Lie down in left lateral position, keep his/her hand below the head as pillow,
extend the left leg completely and flex the right leg at the knee joint, keeping on
the left leg by flexing the hip joint.
• Then sukhoshna sneha applied in the anal region and on the basthinetra, remove
the cotton piece and slightly squeeze the putaka to remove air and keep the thumb
on the netra while introducing it.
38. • Introduce basthi netra slowly in the direction of vertebral column upto 1/4th part of the netra.
• Then hold the basthi putaka in the left hand. Gradually administer with the uniform pressure
neither too fast not too slow without shaking the hands. Instruct the patient to count numbers
from 1 to 50 .
• Press the putaka till little quantity of basthi dravya remains in the putaka otherwise vayu enters
into pakwashaya and then withdraw netra gradually.
• Basthi pidana kaala is 30 matras.
• Advice the patient to lie down in supine position with apillow below the hips till he gets the
urge of defication.
• After giving basthi anticlockwise massage should be done on the abdomen.
39. • Basthi prathyagamana
• 1 muhurtha maximum time period in which prathyagamana of basthi should
happen.
• If not it causes- vata prathiloma,vistabda,shoola,arathi,jwara,mruthyu(su.ci.38),
• Vagbatta added- adhmana, pakwashaya shoola, hridayagraha, mootra shoola.
• Measures to be undertaken- phala varthi, teekshna basthi,swedana,
vitrasana, administration of teekshna virechana.
• Yapana basthis may retain for longer time, teekshna basthis comes with in 100
matrakala.
42. • Rogi parichara(ch.si.3/68),(A.hru.su.19)
• After observing the samyak lakshana patient adviced to take hot water bath and
ligt diet in accordance with the dosha dominance.
• In vataha –mamsa rasa
• Pitha- ksheeranna
• Kapha- yusha
• Quantity of diet should be 1/3rd of routine diet according to agni.
43. • Parihaara-
• Athyasana
• Asthana asana
• Ativachana
• Divaswapna
• Yaana
• Maithuna
• Atapasevana
• Shoka
• Krodha
• Ahitabhojana
• Sheetopachara .
• If vata prakopa is more, anuvasana basthi should be given at the same day evening.
• Charaka explained in si.12th chapter about the complications if we follow these
contradicted things.
44. Vyapad(12) karana lakshana chikitsa
Ayoga Sheeta, alpamatra,
alpalavana, alpasneham,
alpadrava,alpa
matra,alpaghana basthi
given in guru kostatha,
vatabahula, ruksha, vata
pradhana roga
Gurukoshtatwam,
vatamootra shakrut
graham, nabhi-basthi
shoola, shotha over
guda, kandu
gandani,vaivarnya,aru
chi,agnimandya
Ushna pramathya
pana(pippali),
Sweda
Phalavarthi
Virechana at proper time
Bilwadi basthi-kwatha of
bilva,daru,trivrit,yava,kola,
kulatha,sura,gomutra,satapu
shpaadi thaila.
Athiyoga Repeated use of ati teeksha
ushna kshara, bahu matra
basti given in snigna
swinna mrudukoshta
Same as virechana
athiyoga
Sheeta picha
basthi(A.h.si.5/21)
Niruha with
prushniparni,kamala,draksh
a,gambhari, yashti kalka,
kshira,grutha
Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
45. Vyapad(12) karana lakshana chikitsa
Klama Use of Niruha in remnents
of aama dosha causing
obstruction of vata marga
Mandagni,
moorcha,klama
,vidaaha,hruthshoola,
moha, udweshtana,
gourava
Rooksha
sweda,pachana,pippalyadi
kwatha, vachadi
yoga+arishata+asava,
dashamoola basthi-with
gomutra, madhu, thaila.
Aadmaana Alpaveerya basthi given in
maha dosha,rooksha, krura
koshta does margaavarana
of vata marga
Admaana,marmapeeda
m,vidaaham,gurukosht
ada,mushka,vangshna
vedanam,
hrudayavedana
Shyaamaadi varthi, bilvadi
niruha, anuvasana with
peeluvadi siddha thaila.
Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
46. Vyapad(12) karana lakshana chikitsa
Hikka Athiteekshna basthi given
in mrudukoshta,abala
Hikka, Hikkaghna, brihmana
Anuvasana with balaadi
siddha thaila anuvasana.
Pippalli/saindhava mixed
ushana jala pana,
Dhoomaadi prayoga
followed by annam.
Hruthpraa
pthi
Giving basthi savata, and
not properly done basthi
pidana caused compression
over hrudaya pradesha
Hruth prapthi Niruha with kusha,
kasha,amla lavana skanda
dravyas, badari phala
Anuvasan with vathaghna
oushadis.
Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
47. Vyapad(12) karana lakshana chikitsa
Urdhwa
prapthi
Doing vata mootra
pureesha vega dharana
or doing athi
nishpeedana of basthi
Urdwa aayathi basthi
dravyam
moorcha
If moorcha occurs-sheetha jala
sinchanan over face
Parshwa udara mardana
Traasana,gala pidana-all these
will obstruct the udana vayu
stimulates downward movement
of apana
Kramuka kalka 12 gm with
amlakanji
If basthidravya stagnated in
pakwashya-dashamoola basthi
In ura region- bilwadi
panchamoola basth
In shiras-nasya, dhuma,sarshapa
lepa to shira.
Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
48. Vyapad(12) karana lakshana chikitsa
Pravahika Giving mrudu veerya,alpa
matra basthi in bahudosha
rogi after doing abhyanga
svedana causes
doshothklesha and alpa
dosha hara
Pravahika with
lakshanas of
aamathisara
Sa basthi paayu
shopham
Jangha uru sadana
Sweda,
abhyanga,niruha,langhana,v
irechana with trivrut aadi
dravya followed by
samsarjana karma.
Shiroarthi Administration of
mruduveerya, sheetha, alpa
matra basthi in krurakoshta
and bahu dosa leads to
avarana to vata
vimargagamana
Shiroarthi, baadhirya,
karnanaada, peenasa,
netra vibhramam
Anjana,pradhamana nasya,
dhooma nasya,
shirovirechana
Anuvasana –teeksha
anulomika.
Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
49. Vyapad(12) karana lakshana chikitsa
Angaarthi Administration of guru
teekshna veerya,
bahumatra basthi in
persons who not
undergone snehana
swedana
Atimatram
pravarthate,sthabdada
of koshta, udavrutha
koshta by
vayu,gaatraveshtana,to
da,bheda,sphurana
Lavana taila abhyanga
Prasthara sweda with
eranda patra kwatha
Dashamoola niruha
Anuvasana with bilva taila,
yashti thaila.
Parikartha Administration of ruksha
teekshna athimatra basthi
in mrudu koshta and alpa
dosha
Parikarthika, trika,
vangshna, basthi toda
Adhonaabhi
rujam,vibhanda,
alpalpa mala pravruthi
Basthi with swadu
sheedoushada like-
ikshu+yashti+tilakalka
followed by ksheeranna.
Amla mrudu bhojana
Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
50. Vyapad(12) karana lakshana chikitsa
Parisrava Administration of amla
ushna teekshna athi
lavana basthi in
conditions of pitharoga
causes injury to paayu
Causes vidaha, sraava
of rakta, pitha, aneka
varna srava, moorcha.
Sheetha Picha basthi with
ardrashaamali ksheerapaka with
ajapaya+ grutha
Picha basthi with vataadipallava,
yava,tila,suvarchala,upodika,
kanchanara.
Raktapithaghni, athisaraghni
kriya
Guda seka, guda pradeha with
sheetha madhura dravya.
Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
53. • Vasanam- bhojanam (A.sa.su.28)
• Anu vasanam- after bhojanam.
Anuvasannapi na dooshyath anudivasam
va deeyathe ithi anuvasanam||su.chi.35/18||
The basthi which remains inside the body without causing any harm.
Basthi which administered everyday.
Anuvasana
54. • Samsnehanam, varnabalapradam
• Na tailadanath paramasthi kinchith dravyam visheshena sameeranaarthe||cha.si.1st||
• Karma(su.ci.37)
• 1st basthi- act on basthi vangshne( adhakaaya)
• 2nd-act on moordhasthanilam(urdwakaaya)
• 3rd- gives bala varna
• 4th-nourishes rasa
• 5th-nourishes rakta
• 6th-nourishes mamsa
• 7th- nourishes meda
• 8th-asthi
• 9th –majja
• Other 18 basthi –nourishes shukradhatu
Gunas and karma
56. Ananuvasya Complication
• Abhukta Urdwam athivarthate sneha-due to visaranasheela of sneha.
• Navajwara,
• pandu
• kamala
• prameha
Does doshauthklesha and leads to udara
• Arshas Produce abhishyanda leads admana
Complications of basthi if we do in contraindicated persons
57. • Dosha- contraindicated in sama dosha, vridha kapha, utklishta dosha.
• Kala- In vata pitta dosha & varsha,sharath,greeshma rithu-ratrikaala.
In kapha dosha &sheetha, vasantha rithu- diva.
• After virechana karma on 9 th day.
• Bhojanottara kala.
• Basthi kalpana based on dosha
• vata- 9 or 11
• pitta- 5 or 7
• kapha- 1 or 3
Anuvasana purva chintya vishayas
58. • Purvakarma
• Sambhaara sangraha
• Rogi pareeksha
• Preparation of sneha vasthi- sneha, saindhava
• Atura sidhataa-
Abhyanga & swedana, laghu bhojana, chankramanadi karma, visrujya shakruth
mootra.
• Pradhana karma
• Paschat karma
• Basthi pratygamana kala-3 yaama
If basthi is not comes back even after 3 yaama then wait for 24 hours- if no
complication give dhanyanagara siddha jala for paana helps in pachana and
prayagamana of basthi.if complictions arise then give teekshna basthi or guda varthi
should be administered.
• Samyak yoga ayoga athiyoga.
• Snehabasthi vayapad and chikitsa.
60. Vyapad(6) karana lakshana chikitsa
Vatavruth
a sneha
vyapad
Administration of sneha in
sheetha kala, in alpa matra-
in condition of increased
vata- cause avarana of vata
Angamarda ,jwara,
admana,sheetha,stham
ba, urupeeda,
parshwaruk
veshtanam.
Niruha with snigda amla
lavana ushna dravya, with
mootra panchamoola
Anuvasana at sayamkala
with rasnaadi yoga.
Pithavrud
a sneha
vyapad
Administration ushna sneha
basthi in conditions of
increased pitha
Daha , raga, trusha,
moha, tamaka, jwara
Niruha basthi with swadu
tikta dravya
Sneha Basthi vyapad and chikitsa(cha.si.4/25)
61. Vyapad karana lakshana chikitsa
Kaphavru
da sneha
vyapad
Mrudu basthi given in
excessive kapha condition
Tandra,
sheetajwara,alasya,
praseka, aruchi,
gourava,moorcha,
glani.
Basthi with katu Kashaya
teekshna usha sura mootra
Annavrud
a sneha
vyapad
Basthi given athibhukta,
alpabala
Chardi,
moorcha,aruchi,
glani,shoola,nidra,
angamardana,
aamalakshana
Aamachikitsa ,internal
medication of katu lavana
rasa kwatha churna
pachana,mrudu virechana.
Sneha Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
62. Vyapad karana lakshana chikitsa
Pureeshav
ruda
sneha
Administration of alpa
basthi when there is varcha
sanchaya
Vit, mootra, anila
sanga,arthi.guruthwa
admana, hruthgraha
Snehana,svedana,
Shyamabilvadi sidha niruha
and anuvasana
Udavartha hara chikitsa.
Abhuktash
cha
praneethas
hcha
Empty stomach
administration
Shoonapaayu if it
gives in athipeedana
May reach upto kanda
comes through mouth
Niruha and anuvasa with
shyamaadi yoga
If chardi is ter do
chardighna kriya.
Sneha Basthi vyapad and chikitsa
63. • Mode of action of basthi(su.chi.35)
Veerya of basthi oushada reaches all over the body through the srotas in the
same way as the water poure at the root of the plant reaches upto leaves.
even though basthi dravyas comes out very quikly with mala, their veerya
acts all over the body by the action of panchavata, just as sun draws moisture
from the earth.
Aapaathathalam moordhasthan doshan pakwashaye sthitha:
Veeryena basthi: aadathe khastho arko bhoorasaan iva||cha.si.7||
Veerya of basthi reaches Apana vayu and nourishes it,then acts on
samana vayu. After nourishing samana vayu, it nourishes vyana vayu,
thereafter acting on udana vayu and prana vayu and nourishes them.
64. • When all panchavata gets nourishment it promotes the health. The veerya basthi acts
on pitha kapha to bring to normalcy. The veerya of basthi is carried to tiryak pradesha
by vyana vayu, to adha pradesha by apana vayu, and to urdwa pradesha by prana
vayu. (A.s.5/68)
• It is explained that basthi should administered to the patient lying on the left lateral
side as the grahani and guda are situated on the left side of the body, vali of the guda
get weakened.
• Basthi dravya reach up to grahani, the stimulation of jatharagni present in grahani
happens. Sneha dravya by its sukshma guna enters into sukshma srotas reaches
grahani. Here it acts on samana vata which lies near the seat of the jataragni,thus
ignites it.
65. • Action of basthi dravya inside the body
• Saindhava
• Sukshma guna-It reaches upto the microchannel of the body.
• Tikshna guna- It breaks down the morbid mala and dosha sanghaata.
• Snigda guna- liquefies the dosha.
• It reduces the pichila, bahula,and Kashaya properties of madhu.
• By its irritant property eliminates the basthi
• In excess quantity it can cause daaha, athisara.
• Absence or less quantity of saindhava responsible for ayoga.||A.hru.su.19||
• Madhu
• If any drug is administered with appropriate vehicle it can be absorbed and assimilated by
the body properly.(yogavaahi)
• It forms a homogeneous mixture with saindhava.
• Considered best kaphahara.
• Basthi dravya containing more madhu makes the person extremely potent.||ch.si.12||
66. • Sneha
• Sneha dravya reduces vata dushti, softens the microchannels, removes the obstruction in the
channels.
• Helps in elimination of doshas and malas
• Also protects the mucous membrane from the untoward effect of irritating drugs in basthi
dravya.
• Kalka, kwatha and avapa drayas
• These serve the functons of utkleshana, doshahara or shamana.
• These are selected based on dosha, dushya, srothas etc involved in particular vyadhi.
67. PROBABLE MODERN CONCEPT
The mode of action of basti can be understand in the following way –
Drug is administered through anal region.It gets absorbed in intestinal
mucosa & works by 4 mechanism
By absorption mechanism
By system biology mechanism
By neural stimulation mechanism
By excretory mechanism
68. Hyper osmosis takes place
From colon cell to lumen
Absorption of endotoxins
Irritation of Large intestine (due to irritant property)
Elimination
ABSORPTION MECHANISM
69. SYSTEM BIOLOGY MECHANISM
Drug is administered through anal region
It gets absorbed in intestinal mucosa
Lipid soluble Water soluble
Passive diffusion Active diffusion
By these diffusion mechanism the Basti drugs goes to epithelial cell. Then it goes
to the capillaries. Then goes to cell after that molecules.
70. Drug given
ENS is stimulated
Excites mysentric plexus & sub mucosal plexus
Neurotransmitters carries information to CNS
CNS acts independently to produce the effect
NEURAL STIMULATION MECHANISM
71. • The sigmoidal, rectal & anal region of large intestine are
considerably better supplied with parasympathetic nerve fibers than
other part of intestine.
• They are mainly stimulating in action & functions especially on
defecation reflexes.
EXCRETORY MECHANISM
85. Reference for special basthis indicated in some diseases
• Kushta, meha nashaka basthi- charaka.si.8th/8
• Kushtahara basthi-cha.chi.7/46
• Raktha basthi in rakthadisaara- cha.si.8/25
• Asthapana in jwara- cha.chi.3/240-249
• Anuvasana in jwara- cha.chi.2/172
• Basthi in raktha gulma- tikta ksheera basthi-cha.chi5/172
• Basthi in udara-(kapha,pitha avarana of vata)- cha.chi.13/172
• Basthi in arsha- cha.chi.14/135
• Pichabasthi-in pravahika,gudabhramsha,rakthasraava-cha.chi.14/224
• Pichabasthi in context of pithadisaara-cha.chi.19/63
• Sa ghrutha ksheera basthi context of vatharakta-cha.chi.29/88-95
• Krimi nashaka basthi-cha.si.8/9
